陕北黄土区植被群落特征与土壤水分关系研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018775

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以陕西省吴起县降水量存在差异的白豹、柴沟、王洼子3个典型区域为研究对象,对比分析不同降水梯度条件下浅层(0~100 cm)土壤含水量和植被群落物种多样性的变化规律及相互关系,为陕北黄土区植被构建与景观配置提供理论依据。结果表明:该地区降水分布自东南向西北逐渐减少,3个区域共调查植物20科47属57种,其中草本植物共有12科29属38种,菊科、禾本科、蔷薇科、豆科占调查属和种的61.7%和68.4%。白豹、柴沟及王洼子浅层土壤含水量分别为14.4%、12.7%和8.7%。随着降水量的减少,3个典型区域草本植物的重要值发生了明显变化,但植被群落物种组成具有较高的相似性。植被群落物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou指数及Simpson指数从高到低均依次为白豹>柴沟>王洼子,且与土壤含水量具有显著的正相关关系。综合而言,该地区草本植物物种最为丰富,降水梯度显著影响浅层土壤水分,且植被群落特征与浅层土壤水分密切相关。

关键词: 陕北, 黄土, 植被群落, 土壤水分, 降水梯度

Abstract: We analyzed the trend in soil water content in the 0-100 cm soil layer and its relationship with the species diversity of vegetation community. These analyses were conducted in three reference regions with different precipitation conditions; Baibao, Chaigou and Wangwazi, in Wuqi County, Shaanxi Province. The overall aim of these analyses was to obtain reference information to devise strategies for vegetation construction and landscape configuration in the local loess region. The results showed that the amount of precipitation in Wuqi County gradually decreased from southeast to northwest. There were 57 species of 47 genera in 20 families in the three reference regions, among which 38 species of 29 genera in 12 families were herbage, and 61.7% of the genera and 68.4% of the species were in the Asteraceae, Poaceae, Rosaceae, and Fabaceae. The soil water content in the 0-100 cm soil layer in Baibao, Chaigou and Wangwazi was 14.4%, 12.7%, and 8.7%, respectively. With decreasing precipitation in the three regions, the importance values of herbage varied significantly, but the composition of vegetation communities was similar among the three regions. The values of the species richness index, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, and Simpson’s index of the vegetation community decreased from Baibao to Chaigou to Wangwazi. There was a significant positive correlation between soil water content and the species diversity index of the vegetation community. In conclusion, herbaceous species were the most abundant in the three reference regions. The soil moisture content in the 0-100 cm soil layer was significantly affected by the precipitation gradient, and was closely related to vegetation community characteristics.

Key words: northern Shaanxi Province, loess, vegetation community, soil moisture, precipitation gradient

濮阳雪华, 王春春, 苟清平, 赵志杰, 黄娟. 陕北黄土区植被群落特征与土壤水分关系研究[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(11): 184-191.

PUYANG Xue-hua, WANG Chun-chun, GOU Qing-ping, ZHAO Zhi-jie, HUANG Juan. Relationship between vegetation community and soil moisture in the loess region of northern Shaanxi Province[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(11): 184-191.

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