狼毒防除对高寒草地群落植物养分重吸收的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019548

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 狼毒防除是青藏高原狼毒型退化草地恢复的主要措施之一,在此过程中高寒草地群落的养分重吸收的变化未见报道。本研究从物种水平、功能群水平和群落水平比较狼毒防除以后高寒退化草地植物的氮(N)、磷(P)养分含量和重吸收效率的变化,结果如下:从物种水平来说,狼毒防除造成高原早熟禾和羊茅N重吸收效率的降低,也引起了高原早熟禾和异针茅P重吸收效率的降低,以及芒洽草、线叶蒿草和矮蒿草P重吸收效率的升高;从功能群水平来说,狼毒防除升高了杂类草绿色叶片和枯黄叶片中的N含量,但降低了其中的P含量,同时,狼毒防除降低了禾本科、豆科植物和杂类草对N和P的重吸收效率,但是提高了莎草科植物的P重吸收效率;从整个群落水平来说,狼毒防除以后,绿色叶片中的N含量和枯黄叶片中的P含量显著低于对照,对P的重吸收效率则显著高于对照(P<0.05)。因此,狼毒防除对不同物种和不同功能群植物的养分重吸收的影响不同,但是提高了该草地生态系统群落的P的利用效率。此研究结果可以为揭示狼毒型退化草地恢复过程中的养分利用机制提供基础数据,为提高高寒草地毒杂草治理的有效性与持续性提供理论依据。

关键词: 狼毒, 养分重吸收, 高寒草地, 防除, 群落

Abstract: Control of Stellera chamaejasme is one of the main methods used to promote recovery of degraded grasslands in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Limited studies have been conducted on the nutrient resorption of plants during this recovery period. This study investigated the effects of S. chamaejasme removal (SR) on the nutrient resorption efficiency (NuR) from species level, to functional group level, and to community level of the alpine grassland ecosystem. It was found that: At the species level, SR decreased NuR (Nirogen, N) of Poa alpigena and Festuca ovina; SR decreased NuR (Phosphorus, P) of P. alpigena and Stipa aliena, but increased NuR (P) of Koeleria litvinowii, Kobresia capillifolia and Kobresia humilis. At the functional group level, SR induced increased N content in green and senesced leaves of forbs, and the decline of NuR (N) in forbs. The NuR (N) and NuR (P) of Poaceae and Fabaceae all decreased after SR treatment, however, the NuR (P) of sedges increased after SR. At the community level, N content of green leaves and P content of senesced leaves were significantly lower, but the NuR (P) was significantly higher in the SR treatment, compared to CK. In conclusion, different species and functional groups have different NuR responses to SR, but SR promoted P use efficiency at the plant community level. These results may provide basic data for the study of nutrient utilization mechanisms in the recovery of degraded grassland, and provide a theoretical framework for developing effective and sustainable measures for S. chamaejasme control in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.

Key words: Stellera chamaejasme, nutrient resorption, alpine grassland, removal, community

宋梅玲, 王玉琴, 鲍根生, 王宏生. 狼毒防除对高寒草地群落植物养分重吸收的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(10): 47-57.

SONG Mei-ling, WANG Yu-qin, BAO Gen-sheng, WANG Hong-sheng. Effect of Stellera chamaejasme removal on the nutrient resorption of plants in an alpine grassland community[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(10): 47-57.

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