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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 89-99.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020167

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

青贮杂交构树对杜湖杂交肉羊生长性能、血清生化指标和肉品质的影响

张生伟1(), 王小平1, 张展海2, 马友记3, 滚双宝3, 杨巧丽3, 高小莉3, 张保军1()   

  1. 1.甘肃省农民教育培训工作总站,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.天水德农供销种业开发有限公司,甘肃 天水 741000
    3.甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-13 修回日期:2020-05-25 出版日期:2021-03-20 发布日期:2021-03-09
  • 通讯作者: 张保军
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: gcb907@163.com
    张生伟(1991-),男,甘肃景泰人,高级畜牧师,硕士。E-mail: swzhang666@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31660646);甘肃省农牧渔业新品种新技术引进与推广项目(GNKJ-2019-16)

Effects of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes and meat quality of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep

Sheng-wei ZHANG1(), Xiao-ping WANG1, Zhan-hai ZHANG2, You-ji MA3, Shuang-bao GUN3, Qiao-li YANG3, Xiao-li GAO3, Bao-jun ZHANG1()   

  1. 1.Farmer Education and Training Work Station of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Denong Supply and Marketing Seed Developed Co. ,Ltd. ,Tianshui 741000,China
    3.College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2020-04-13 Revised:2020-05-25 Online:2021-03-20 Published:2021-03-09
  • Contact: Bao-jun ZHANG

摘要:

本研究旨在探讨青贮杂交构树对肉羊生长性能、血清生化指标、免疫指标、肉品质及肌肉氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响。选用健康、体重(24.2±0.65) kg相近的杜泊×湖羊F1代公羔36只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只。对照组(CG)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组(LG、MG、HG)在基础饲粮中分别添加6%、12%和18%的青贮杂交构树。试验期为90 d,其中预试期10 d,正试期80 d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加不同比例的青贮杂交构树后,试验羊末重、平均日增重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。2)MG和HG组血清中免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白A和免疫球蛋白M含量显著高于CG组(P<0.05);LG、MG和HG组血清中尿素氮含量显著低于CG组(P<0.05)。3)MG和HG组背最长肌粗蛋白质和熟肉率显著高于CG组(P<0.05),粗脂肪、胆固醇、剪切力、失水率显著低于CG组(P<0.05);各组间pH、滴水损失、肉色、大理石纹、脂肪色差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)MG组背最长肌中必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、总氨基酸含量和必需氨基酸/总氨基酸显著高于CG、LG和HG组(P<0.05),鲜味氨基酸/总氨基酸显著高于CG组(P<0.05);MG组背最长肌必需氨基酸中缬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸含量显著高于CG、LG和HG组(P<0.05)。5)LG、MG和HG组肌肉中饱和脂肪酸含量均显著低于CG组(P<0.05),而多不饱和脂肪酸含量均显著高于CG组(P<0.05);MG组亚油酸、α-亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸的含量显著高于CG组(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加青贮杂交构树对肉羊生长性能无显著影响,但能提高肉羊免疫力,同时改善肌肉营养成分、肉品质、氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成,且以添加12%效果最佳。

关键词: 青贮杂交构树, 生长性能, 血清生化指标, 免疫指标, 肉品质, 氨基酸, 脂肪酸

Abstract:

This study was conducted to explore the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on growth performance, serum biochemical and immune indexes, meat quality and composition of amino acid and fatty acid in muscle of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep. Healthy Dorper×Hu crossbred F1 sheep (n=36) with similar body weight [(24.2±0.65) kg] were selected and randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups (Control group, CG; low, medium and high B. papyrifera silage dietary supplementation groups-LG, MG and HG, respectively), with 3 replicates in each group and 3 sheep in each replicate. The sheep in the CG were fed a basal diet, and those in the test groups LG, MG and HG were fed experimental diets supplemented with 6%, 12% and 18%, respectively, of B. papyrifera silage added to the a basal diet. The trial period was 90 d, comprising a 10 d diet adaptation period and an 80 d formal evaluation period. The findings were as follows: 1) There were no significant differences in final weight and average daily gain of trial sheep after adding different proportion of B. papyrifera silage (P>0.05). 2) The levels of serum immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M of MG and HG were significantly higher than those of the CG (P<0.05); the content of urea nitrogen in the serum of LG, MG and HG was significantly lower than that in CG (P<0.05). 3) The level of crude protein and the cooked meat weight in the longissimus dorsi muscle of MG and HG were significantly higher than those in the CG (P<0.05), while ether extract, cholesterol, shear force and water loss rate in MG and HG were significantly lower than in the CG (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in pH, drip loss rate, meat color, marbling and fat color among groups (P>0.05). 4) The levels of essential amino acids, umami amino acids, total amino acids and essential amino acids/total amino acids in the longissimus dorsi of MG were significantly higher than those in CG, LG and HG (P<0.05). The delicious amino acids∶total amino acids ratio of MG was significantly higher than in the CG (P<0.05). The contents of valine, leucine, phenylalanine, lysine and arginine in MG were significantly higher than those in the CG, LG and HG (P<0.05). 5) The content of muscle saturated fatty acids in LG, MG and HG groups were significantly lower than those in the CG (P<0.05), while the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher than those in the CGP<0.05). Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in MG group were significantly higher than that in CG group (P<0.05). In conclusion, diet supplementation with B. papyrifera silage had no significant effect on the growth performance of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep, however, it can promote the immunity of sheep, and improve the nutrient composition, amino acid and fatty acid levels in muscle, as well as the meat quality. Based on these results, the best supplemental level of B. papyrifera silage is 12% of the basal diet.

Key words: Broussonetia papyrifera silage, growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, immune indexes, meat quality, amino acid, fatty acid