草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 26-33.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020597
倪芳芳(), 吕世杰, 屈志强, 白璐, 孟彪, 张博涵, 李治国()
收稿日期:
2020-12-30
修回日期:
2021-04-19
出版日期:
2022-03-20
发布日期:
2022-01-15
通讯作者:
李治国
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: nmndlzg@163.com基金资助:
Fang-fang NI(), Shi-jie LV, Zhi-qiang QU, Lu BAI, Biao MENG, Bo-han ZHANG, Zhi-guo LI()
Received:
2020-12-30
Revised:
2021-04-19
Online:
2022-03-20
Published:
2022-01-15
Contact:
Zhi-guo LI
摘要:
以短花针茅为建群种的内蒙古荒漠草原为研究对象,在长期梯度放牧试验和风蚀监测实验的平台上,通过对2018-2019年非生长季风蚀物及植物群落特征(植物群落高度、盖度、枯落物量)的调查,开展了不同载畜率下近地表高度的风沙通量与植物群落特征关系的研究,结果表明:在荒漠草原非生长季,1)载畜率的增加会加剧土壤风蚀,尤其显著增加集沙高度10 cm(即距地表最近的高度)和0~50 cm的总风沙通量。对于0~50 cm高度的总风沙通量来说,对照区的风沙通量最低,轻度放牧区和中度放牧区的风沙通量分别是对照区的1.29和1.81倍,重度放牧区的风沙通量最高,是对照区的2.20倍;2)不同载畜率下,植物群落特征对风沙通量有显著影响,风沙通量与植物群落高度、盖度和枯落物量均呈负相关关系,其中植物群落高度对不同集沙高度的风沙通量影响最大;3)载畜率显著影响植物群落特征,载畜率的增加使植物群落高度、盖度及枯落物量降低,进而增加草地风蚀量。
倪芳芳, 吕世杰, 屈志强, 白璐, 孟彪, 张博涵, 李治国. 不同载畜率下荒漠草原非生长季植物群落特征对近地面风沙通量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(3): 26-33.
Fang-fang NI, Shi-jie LV, Zhi-qiang QU, Lu BAI, Biao MENG, Bo-han ZHANG, Zhi-guo LI. Effects of vegetation characteristics of desert steppe in the non-growing season on near-surface dust flux under different stocking rates[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(3): 26-33.
图 1 试验小区和区组位置CK: 对照Control; LG: 轻度放牧Light grazing; MG: 中度放牧Moderate grazing; HG: 重度放牧Heavy grazing.下同The same below.
Fig.1 Locations of the experiment plot and block
图2 植物群落特征在不同载畜率下的差异不同字母表示不同载畜率间差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。 Different letters indicate the differences are significant at 0.05 level among different stocking rates. The same below.
Fig.2 Differences of the plant community characteristics under different stocking rates
图 5 不同载畜率下风沙通量与植物群落特征的关系A: 对应分析结果The result of correspondence analysis; y10: 集沙高度10 cm的风沙通量The dust flux at the height of 10 cm; y30: 集沙高度30 cm的风沙通量The dust flux at the height of 30 cm; y50: 集沙高度50 cm的风沙通量The dust flux at the height of 50 cm; B: 典型相关分析结果The result of typical correlation analysis.
Fig.5 Relationship of dust flux and plant community characteristics under different stocking rates
图 6 不同载畜率下风沙通量与植物群落特征结构方程*: P<0.05; **: P<0.01.
Fig.6 Structural equation of dust flux and plant community characteristics under different stocking rates
1 | Liu R G, Wang M Z, Guo S J, et al. Basic situation of grassland resources in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Grassland and Prataculture, 2012, 24(3): 2-6. |
刘瑞国, 王美珍, 郭淑晶, 等. 内蒙古自治区草地资源的基况介绍. 内蒙古草业, 2012, 24(3): 2-6. | |
2 | Ma Z H, Liu G X, Li J P, et al. The evaluation of desert steppe eco-environment quality in Inner Mongolia. Chinese Journal of Grassland, 2007(6):17-21. |
马治华, 刘桂香, 李景平, 等. 内蒙古荒漠草原生态环境质量评价. 中国草地学报, 2007(6): 17-21. | |
3 | Liu N, Bai K Y, Yang Y H, et al. Effect of grazing on vegetation and soil nutrients of a desert steppe in Inner Mongolia. Pratacultural Science, 2018, 35(7): 1323-1331. |
刘娜, 白可喻, 杨云卉, 等. 放牧对内蒙古荒漠草原草地植被及土壤养分的影响. 草业科学, 2018, 35(7): 1323-1331. | |
4 | Zhang C L, Song C Q, Wang Z T, et al. Review and prospect of the study on soil wind erosion process. Advances in Earth Science, 2018, 33(1): 27-41. |
张春来, 宋长青, 王振亭, 等. 土壤风蚀过程研究回顾与展望. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(1): 27-41. | |
5 | Yan Y C, Wang X, Yang G X, et al. Review on mechanism of fine soil particles increase in enclosed grassland. Journal of Desert Research, 2011, 31(5): 1162-1166. |
闫玉春, 王旭, 杨桂霞, 等. 退化草地封育后土壤细颗粒增加机理探讨及研究展望. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(5): 1162-1166. | |
6 | Liu S L, Wang T, Qu J J. Soil characteristics changes in desertification processes in Hunshandake Sandy Land, Northern China. Journal of Desert Research, 2008(4): 611-616. |
刘树林, 王涛, 屈建军. 浑善达克沙地土地沙漠化过程中土壤粒度与养分变化研究. 中国沙漠, 2008(4): 611-616. | |
7 | Zhao Y L, Chen Z, Sun Y C, et al. Measure and research on anti-erosion properties of vegetation coverage land surface. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2010, 32(7): 1-4, 16. |
赵永来, 陈智, 孙悦超, 等. 植被覆盖地表抗风蚀性能的测试与研究. 农机化研究, 2010, 32(7): 1-4, 16. | |
8 | Zhang C L, Zou X Y, Dong G R, et al. Wind tunnel studies on influences of vegetation on soil wind erosion. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2003(3):31-33. |
张春来, 邹学勇, 董光荣, 等. 植被对土壤风蚀影响的风洞实验研究. 水土保持学报, 2003(3): 31-33. | |
9 | Mu Q S, Chen X H. Relation between threshold wind erosion velocity and vegetation coverage. Journal of Desert Research, 2007(4): 534-538. |
慕青松, 陈晓辉. 临界侵蚀风速与植被盖度之间的关系. 中国沙漠, 2007(4): 534-538. | |
10 | Yang S J, Tang Z Y, Zhao L, et al. The change of soil physical and chemical properties under different grazing intensity in alpine meadow of northwest Sichuan. Journal of Grassland and Forage Science, 2019(1): 57-61. |
杨树晶, 唐祯勇, 赵磊, 等. 放牧强度对川西北高寒草甸土壤理化性质的影响. 草学, 2019(1): 57-61. | |
11 | He N P, Han X G, Yu G R. Soil carbon sequestration rates and potential in the grazing grasslands of Inner Mongolia. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2012, 32(3): 844-851. |
何念鹏, 韩兴国, 于贵瑞. 内蒙古放牧草地土壤碳固持速率和潜力. 生态学报, 2012, 32(3): 844-851. | |
12 | Huang C, Zhang Y, Zhao M L, et al. Effects of different grazing intensities on vegetation characteristics of desert steppe. Pratacultural Science, 2013, 30(11): 1814-1818. |
黄琛, 张宇, 赵萌莉, 等. 放牧强度对荒漠草原植被特征的影响. 草业科学, 2013, 30(11): 1814-1818. | |
13 | Sarula, Temuerbuhe, Alatengbulige, et al. Effects of grazing methods on vegetation and soil of Stipa breviflora desert steppe. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 41(5): 44-48. |
萨如拉, 特木尔布和, 阿拉腾布力格, 等.放牧方式对短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原植被和土壤的影响. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 41(5): 44-48. | |
14 | Bai Y F, Huang J H, Zheng S X, et al. Drivers and regulating mechanisms of grassland and desert ecosystem services. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. |
白永飞, 黄建辉, 郑淑霞, 等. 草地和荒漠生态系统服务功能的形成与调控机制. 植物生态学报, 2014, 38(2): 93-102. | |
15 | Wu Y Q, Tian Y, Zhou J Q, et al. Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus under different grazing regimes. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2019, 25(4): 801-807. |
吴雨晴, 田赟, 周建琴, 等. 不同放牧制度草地土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征. 应用与环境生物学报, 2019, 25(4): 801-807. | |
16 | Fryrear D W, Saleh A. Field wind erosion: Vertical distribution. Soil Science, 1993, 155(4): 294-300. |
17 | Li Y Q, Li Z G, Dong Z, et al. Effects of grazing intensity on windblown sediment mass flux and particle size distribution in the desert steppe of Nei Mongol, China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2016, 40(10): 1003-1014. |
李永强, 李治国, 董智, 等. 内蒙古荒漠草原放牧强度对风沙通量和沉积物粒径的影响. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(10): 1003-1014. | |
18 | Shao Y, Raupach M R. The overshoot and equilibration of saltation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1992, 97: 20559-20564. |
19 | Bai Y F, Li D X, Xu Z X, et al. Growth and reproduction of Stipa krylovii population on a grazing gradient. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1999, 19(4): 479-484. |
白永飞, 李德新, 许志信, 等. 牧压梯度对克氏针茅生长和繁殖的影响. 生态学报, 1999, 19(4): 479-484. | |
20 | Aubault H, Webb N P, Strong C L, et al. Grazing impacts on the susceptibility of rangelands to wind erosion: The effects of stocking rate, stocking strategy and land condition. Aeolian Research, 2015(17): 89-99. |
21 | Yang H, Li Y Q, Wang X Y, et al. Characteristics of aeolian sediment flux structure over different underlying surfaces in semi-arid area. Journal of Desert Research, 2018, 38(6): 1144-1152. |
杨欢, 李玉强, 王旭洋, 等. 半干旱区不同类型沙丘风沙流结构特征. 中国沙漠, 2018, 38(6): 1144-1152. | |
22 | Wang X Y, Yuan P F, Ding G D, et al. Study on mechanism between natural shrub-grassland soil wind erosion. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2008(5): 38-41. |
王翔宇, 原鹏飞, 丁国栋, 等. 不同植被覆盖防治土壤风蚀对比研究. 水土保持研究, 2008(5): 38-41. | |
23 | Bian K, Zhang W M, Tan L H, et al. Aeolian sediment flux and grain size over the top area of a star dune near the Crescent Moon Spring of Dunhuang under westerly winds. Journal of Desert Research, 2016, 36(6): 1503-1511. |
边凯, 张伟民, 谭立海, 等. 偏西风作用下敦煌月牙泉金字塔沙山顶部风沙流初步观测研究. 中国沙漠, 2016, 36(6): 1503-1511. | |
24 | Yu P D, Chen Y P, Li Y Q, et al. Influence of vegetation coverage on sand flow structure and wind erosion yield with wind tunnel experiment as a case. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(5): 29-36. |
余沛东, 陈银萍, 李玉强, 等. 植被盖度对沙丘风沙流结构及风蚀量的影响. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(5): 29-36. | |
25 | He S F, Jiang D M, Alamusa. Roles of vegetation in wind erosion control: A research review. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2007(5): 743-748. |
贺山峰, 蒋德明, 阿拉木萨. 植被的防治风蚀作用. 生态学杂志, 2007(5): 743-748. | |
26 | Wolfe S A, Nickling W G. The protective role of sparse vegetation in wind erosion. Progress on Physical Geography, 1993, 17(1): 50-68. |
27 | Shang R Y, Qi Y X, Zhao T N, et al. Field investigation on the influence of vegetation on wind and soil erosion. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2006(4): 37-39. |
尚润阳, 祁有祥, 赵廷宁, 等. 植被对风及土壤风蚀影响的野外观测研究. 水土保持研究, 2006(4): 37-39. | |
28 | Sun S X, Ding Y, Li X Z, et al. Effects of seasonal regulation of grazing intensity on soil erosion in desert steppe grassland. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 23-29. |
孙世贤, 丁勇, 李夏子, 等. 放牧强度季节调控对荒漠草原土壤风蚀的影响. 草业学报, 2020, 29(7): 23-29. |
[1] | 张峰, 孙嘉伟, 孙宇, 郑佳华, 乔荠瑢, 赵萌莉. 不同载畜率对短花针茅荒漠草原优势物种间关系及其空间分布特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(8): 1-11. |
[2] | 吴旭东, 蒋齐, 任小玢, 俞鸿千, 王占军, 何建龙, 季波, 杜建民. 降水水平对荒漠草原生物土壤结皮碳、氮和微生物的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(7): 34-43. |
[3] | 孙忠超, 郭天斗, 于露, 马彦平, 赵亚楠, 李雪颖, 王红梅. 宁夏东部荒漠草原向灌丛地人为转变过程土壤粒径分形特征[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(4): 34-45. |
[4] | 蒙仲举, 陈颜洁, 包斯琴. 苏尼特右旗荒漠草原三种放牧方式下群落斑块特征[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(4): 13-23. |
[5] | 顾继雄, 郭天斗, 王红梅, 李雪颖, 梁丹妮, 杨青莲, 高锦月. 宁夏东部荒漠草原向灌丛地转变过程土壤微生物响应[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(4): 46-57. |
[6] | 李洁, 潘攀, 王长庭, 胡雷, 陈科宇, 杨文高. 三江源区不同建植年限人工草地根系动态特征[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(3): 28-40. |
[7] | 熊梅, 乔荠瑢, 杨阳, 张峰, 郑佳华, 吴建新, 赵萌莉. 不同载畜率下短花针茅和土壤生态化学计量特征研究[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(2): 212-219. |
[8] | 张静静, 刘尊驰, 鄢创, 王云霞, 刘凯, 时新荣, 袁志友. 土壤pH值变化对3种草原类型土壤碳氮磷生态化学计量特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(2): 69-81. |
[9] | 李静, 红梅, 闫瑾, 张宇晨, 梁志伟, 叶贺, 高海燕, 赵巴音那木拉. 短花针茅荒漠草原植被群落结构及生物量对水氮变化的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(9): 38-48. |
[10] | 万芳, 蒙仲举, 党晓宏, 王瑞东, 张慧敏. 封育措施下荒漠草原针茅植物-土壤C、N、P化学计量特征[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(9): 49-55. |
[11] | 孙世贤, 丁勇, 李夏子, 吴新宏, 闫志坚, 尹强, 李金卓. 放牧强度季节调控对荒漠草原土壤风蚀的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(7): 23-29. |
[12] | 于露, 周玉蓉, 赵亚楠, 郭天斗, 孙忠超, 王红梅. 荒漠草原土壤种子库对灌丛引入和降水梯度的响应特征[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(4): 41-50. |
[13] | 许爱云, 许冬梅, 曹兵, 刘金龙, 于双, 郭艳菊, 马晓静. 宁夏荒漠草原不同群落蒙古冰草种群空间格局及种间关联性[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(3): 171-178. |
[14] | 谢莉, 宋乃平, 孟晨, 吴婷, 陈晓莹, 李敏岚, 岳健敏. 不同封育年限对宁夏荒漠草原土壤粒径及碳氮储量的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(2): 1-10. |
[15] | 王占军, 马琨, 崔慧珍, 李光文, 俞鸿千, 蒋齐. 土壤丛枝菌根真菌与宁夏主要草原类型植被群落分布间的相互关系研究[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(12): 150-160. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||