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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 181-190.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021462

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

甘肃省党参菌核病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究

蒋晶晶1,3(), 杜蕙1, 陈爱昌2(), 李雪萍1, 李敏权1, 漆永红1()   

  1. 1.甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.定西市植保植检站,甘肃 定西 743000
    3.农业农村部天水作物有害生物科学观测实验站,甘肃 天水 741200
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-10 修回日期:2022-03-14 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 陈爱昌,漆永红
  • 作者简介:E-mail: aichang612@163.com
    E-mail: qiyonghong920@gsagr.cn
    蒋晶晶(1988-),女,甘肃榆中人,助理研究员,硕士。E-mail: jingjingziyu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省农业科学院创新专项(2020GAAS25);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201100);甘肃省重点人才项目(2019RCXM072);甘肃省科技计划项目(20YF3NA021)

Identification and biological characterization of the pathogens responsible for sclerotinia rot in Codonopsis pilosula

Jing-jing JIANG1,3(), Hui DU1, Ai-chang CHEN2(), Xue-ping LI1, Min-quan LI1, Yong-hong QI1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Plant Protection,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Dingxi Station of Plant Protection and Quarantine,Dingxi 743000,China
    3.Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Pests in Tianshui,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianshui 741200,China
  • Received:2021-12-10 Revised:2022-03-14 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-10-17
  • Contact: Ai-chang CHEN,Yong-hong QI

摘要:

为了探究党参菌核病病原菌的种类和生物学特性,采用组织分离法分离病原物,通过形态特征和rDNA转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)、RNA聚合酶Ⅱ第二大亚基基因(RPB2)进行病原菌种类鉴定,同时开展相关生物学特性研究。结果表明,引起甘肃省党参菌核病的病原菌为雪腐核盘菌和核盘菌,其中雪腐核盘菌为优势病原菌。生物学特性研究表明,雪腐核盘菌和核盘菌菌丝生长最适温度为20和25 ℃,菌核形成最适温度为15和25 ℃,菌丝生长最适pH均为6,菌核形成最适pH为6和7,最适培养基均为马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂培养基。菌丝生长抑制法室内毒力测定表明,啶酰菌胺对两种病原菌的菌丝生长均有较好的抑制效果,EC50分别为0.2625、0.4165 mg·L-1。本研究在国内首次报道了雪腐核盘菌和核盘菌会引起党参菌核病。该研究结果可为该病害的诊断和综合防治提供较为可靠的理论基础和科学依据。

关键词: 党参, 菌核病, 病原鉴定, 生物学特性

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize the causal pathogen and study the biological characteristics of sclerotinia rot of Codonopsis pilosula. Pathogen material was obtained by tissue isolation. The isolated fungal species were comprehensively evaluated in terms of their morphology, rDNA-ITS sequence, RPB2 gene of RNA polymerase Ⅱ, and biological characteristics. The pathogens were identified as Sclerotinia nivalis and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and of the two, S. nivalis was the dominant species. The optimum temperatures for mycelium growth and sclerotia formation of S. nivalis were 20 and 15 ℃, respectively, while corresponding values for S. sclerotiorum were 25 and 25 ℃. The optimum pH for mycelium growth was 6 for both species, while optimum pH for sclerotia formation was 6 for S. nivalis and 7 for S. sclerotiorum. The optimum culture medium was 100% potato dextrose agar (PDA). The mycelial growth rate approach was applied to test the toxicity of adiacylamine, which exhibited inhibitory activity with EC50 on S. nivalis at 0.2625 mg·L-1 and on and S. sclerotiorum at 0.4165 mg·L-1. In summary, this is the first report of S. nivalis and S. sclerotiorum causing sclerotinia rot on C. pilosula in China, and the data presented provide a reliable scientific proof of the pathogen diagnosis and a theoretical basis for the development of prevention measures.

Key words: Codonopsis pilosula, sclerotinia rot, pathogen identification, biological characteristics