草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 93-103.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024181
王小风(
), 马步东, 黄海霞(
), 罗永忠, 齐建伟, 邓卓
收稿日期:2024-05-14
修回日期:2024-06-05
出版日期:2025-04-20
发布日期:2025-02-19
通讯作者:
黄海霞
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: 1057821914@qq.com基金资助:
Xiao-feng WANG(
), Bu-dong MA, Hai-xia HUANG(
), Yong-zhong LUO, Jian-wei QI, Zhuo DENG
Received:2024-05-14
Revised:2024-06-05
Online:2025-04-20
Published:2025-02-19
Contact:
Hai-xia HUANG
摘要:
裸果木是亚洲中部荒漠区的特有种,其耐旱耐瘠薄,有较强的抗风固沙能力,是我国重点保护野生植物。本研究以二年生裸果木幼苗为试验材料,设置对照(土壤水分保持在田间持水量的60%~70%)和干旱处理(水分梯度依次设计为田间持水量的40%~50%、30%~40%、20%~30%、10%~20%、5%~10%),开展干旱胁迫及复水试验,测定叶水势、渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化指标,探究干旱胁迫如何影响幼苗叶片的生理特性以及复水后植物的恢复能力,以期为裸果木干旱适应机制的研究及物种保护提供理论依据。结果显示:随干旱胁迫时间的延长,脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白(SP)、可溶性糖(SS)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均显著上升;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性先上升后下降;过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、叶水势呈下降趋势。SP含量、SOD和CAT活性在复水第5天时基本恢复至对照水平,其他各指标在复水第10天时基本恢复至对照水平。干旱胁迫下,裸果木幼苗通过主动积累Pro、SP和SS降低渗透势,采取低水势耐受干旱的方式;通过增强SOD和POD酶活性和积累抗坏血酸(AsA)来清除过量的活性氧。复水后,裸果木幼苗具有较强的恢复能力。
王小风, 马步东, 黄海霞, 罗永忠, 齐建伟, 邓卓. 干旱胁迫及复水对裸果木幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(4): 93-103.
Xiao-feng WANG, Bu-dong MA, Hai-xia HUANG, Yong-zhong LUO, Jian-wei QI, Zhuo DENG. Effects of drought stress and rehydration on the physiological characteristics of Gymnocarpos przewalskii seedlings[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(4): 93-103.
项目 Item | 干旱处理天数Drought treatment days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 d | 9 d | 13 d | 18 d | 22 d | |
| 相对含水量Relative water content | 40~50 | 30~40 | 20~30 | 10~20 | 5~10 |
| 实际含水量Actual water content | 4.9±0.2a | 4.1±0.3a | 2.6±0.1b | 1.5±0.2b | 0.8±0.1c |
表1 试验期间不同干旱处理天数下的土壤含水量
Table 1 Soil water content under different treatment days during the test period (%)
项目 Item | 干旱处理天数Drought treatment days | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 d | 9 d | 13 d | 18 d | 22 d | |
| 相对含水量Relative water content | 40~50 | 30~40 | 20~30 | 10~20 | 5~10 |
| 实际含水量Actual water content | 4.9±0.2a | 4.1±0.3a | 2.6±0.1b | 1.5±0.2b | 0.8±0.1c |
图1 土壤持续干旱及复水对裸果木幼苗叶水势的影响横坐标中5~22表示干旱处理下的天数;复水5、10表示在干旱处理22 d后复水至对照水平的天数; 不同小写字母表示处理间差异显著(P<0.05); *表示处理与其对照之间差异显著(P<0.05);**表示差异极显著(P<0.01)。下同。5-22 in the abscissa represents the number of days under drought treatment; rehydration 5 and 10 indicate the days of rehydration to the control level after 22 days of drought treatment. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). * indicates significant difference between treatment and its control (P<0.05); ** indicates extremely significant level (P<0.01). The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of persistent soil drought and rehydration on leaf water potential of G. przewalskii seedlings
图2 土壤持续干旱及复水对裸果木幼苗渗透调节物质含量的影响
Fig. 2 Effects of persistent soil drought and rehydration on the content of osmoregulatory substances in G. przewalskii seedlings
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