草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 158-170.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024330
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
雍嘉仪1(
), 马霜1, 马风华1, 赵小娜1, 张译尹1, 胡海英1,2(
)
收稿日期:2024-08-27
修回日期:2024-10-21
出版日期:2025-07-20
发布日期:2025-05-12
通讯作者:
胡海英
作者简介:E-mail: haiying@nxu.edu.cn基金资助:
Jia-yi YONG1(
), Shuang MA1, Feng-hua MA1, Xiao-na ZHAO1, Yi-yin ZHANG1, Hai-ying HU1,2(
)
Received:2024-08-27
Revised:2024-10-21
Online:2025-07-20
Published:2025-05-12
Contact:
Hai-ying HU
摘要:
植物在遭受干旱胁迫后复水,会经历应激适应、伤害、修复过程,且不同植物对水分亏缺的敏感性不同,复水后的恢复效应也存在差异。因此,研究植物耐旱性与复水后的恢复效应对植物抗旱节水育种具有重要意义。本研究采用盆栽控水模拟干旱胁迫和复水处理,以野生型和栽培型河北木蓝为对象,在持续干旱胁迫3、6、10和13 d以及复水2和7 d后进行生长及生理生化指标测定,研究干旱胁迫和复水条件下2种木蓝的生物量分配策略和响应干旱的渗透调节生理机制及其种内差异。结果表明:1)随干旱持续时间的延长,2种木蓝器官生物量、根系分布特征(总根长、根表面积、根体积、根分枝数)、淀粉含量以及根-中性转化酶(neutral invertase, NIV)活性逐渐降低;而根冠比、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、蔗糖含量、蔗糖合酶(sucrose synthase, SUS)活性、α-淀粉酶(α-amylase, α-AL)活性、叶-NIV活性均逐渐增加。2)复水处理7 d后,除了根系分布特征和MDA含量外,其他指标均恢复至对照水平,均具有补偿生长能力。3)基于各指标的主成分分析结果,相比之下,栽培型木蓝各指标变化幅度均显著大于野生型,对干旱胁迫具有更强的耐受性。由此可见,2种木蓝在干旱胁迫下积累渗透调节物质,以此维持细胞膨压,缓解细胞膜受损,并调控蔗糖和淀粉代谢酶活性,进而使生物量分配倾向于根系,为促进根系对水分吸收而提供能量,复水后二者均具有显著的补偿效应。
雍嘉仪, 马霜, 马风华, 赵小娜, 张译尹, 胡海英. 干旱及复水对河北木蓝生物量分配与渗透调节特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(7): 158-170.
Jia-yi YONG, Shuang MA, Feng-hua MA, Xiao-na ZHAO, Yi-yin ZHANG, Hai-ying HU. Effects of drought stress and rehydration on biomass allocation and osmotic regulation characteristics of Indigofera bungeana[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(7): 158-170.
图1 干旱及复水处理对2种木蓝生长的影响不同小写字母代表同一种木蓝在不同干旱处理时间下的差异显著,*表示同一干旱处理时间下同种木蓝对照(CK)和干旱/复水处理(DR)之间的差异显著。*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001。3、6、10、13分别表示干旱胁迫持续的时间,r-2,r-7分别表示复水2 d、复水7 d。ML:野生型木蓝;MJ:栽培型木蓝;CK:对照处理;DR:干旱和复水处理。下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among the same species of I. bungeana under the different drought treatments, * indicates significant differences between controls (CK) and drought/rehydration (DR) of the same species of I. bungeana under the same drought treatment. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, 3, 6, 10 and 13 respectively indicate the duration of drought stress,r-2 and r-7 respectively indicate 2 days and 7 days after rehydration. ML: Wild species; MJ: Cultivated species; CK: Control treatment; DR: Drought and rehydration treatment. The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of drought stress and rehydration on growth morphology of two species of I. bungeana
图4 干旱及复水处理对2种木蓝蔗糖和淀粉代谢关键酶活性的影响
Fig.4 Effects of drought stress and rehydration on the activity of key enzymes of sucrose and starch metabolism in two species of I. bungeana
图5 干旱及复水条件下2种木蓝各项指标的主成分分析X1: 根生物量Root biomass; X2: 茎生物量Stem biomass; X3: 叶生物量Leaf biomass; X4: 根冠比Root-shoot ratio; X5: 总根长Total root length; X6: 根表面积Root surface area; X7: 根体积Root volume; X8: 根分枝数Root branches; X9: 脯氨酸Proline; X10: 丙二醛Malondialdehyde; X11: 蔗糖Sucrose; X12: 淀粉Starch; X13: 蔗糖合酶Sucrose synthase; X14: 中性转化酶Neutral invertase; X15: α-淀粉酶α-amylase.
Fig.5 Principal component analysis of each index of the two species of I. bungeana under drought stress and rehydration
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