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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 34-46.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025383

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱及复水对不同种源河北木蓝气孔结构与内源激素等生理特征的影响

胡国强1(), 马霜2, 雍嘉仪1, 邓文辉1, 胡海英1()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.宁夏吴忠市利通区农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏 吴忠 751100
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-23 修回日期:2025-11-03 出版日期:2026-09-20 发布日期:2026-07-27
  • 通讯作者: 胡海英
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: haiying@nxu.edu.cn
    胡国强(2002-),男,甘肃平凉人,在读硕士。E-mail: 393286228@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏重点研发计划项目(2022BEG02011);宁夏重点研发计划引才专项(2024BEH04147)

Effects of drought stress and rehydration on physiological characteristics such as stomatal structure and endogenous hormones in wild and cultivated Indigofera bungeana lines

Guo-qiang HU1(), Shuang MA2, Jia-yi YONG1, Wen-hui DENG1, Hai-ying HU1()   

  1. 1.College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center of Litong District,Wuzhong 751100,China
  • Received:2025-09-23 Revised:2025-11-03 Online:2026-09-20 Published:2026-07-27
  • Contact: Hai-ying HU

摘要:

为了系统探究不同种源河北木蓝在干旱胁迫及复水后生理生化响应机制的差异,本研究以野生种和栽培种河北木蓝为材料,设置持续干旱处理3、6、10和13 d以及复水2、7 d,通过盆栽控水试验系统比较分析2种木蓝生物量积累、气孔结构变化、叶片相对含水量、细胞膜稳定性、抗氧化水平[过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量]以及内源激素[生长素(IAA)、乙烯(ETH)和脱落酸(ABA)]含量等多个生理生化指标的动态变化。结果表明:1)在干旱处理下,2种木蓝的总生物量、气孔密度和孔径、叶片相对含水量及乙烯含量较CK均下降,而叶片相对电导率、CAT活性、生长素和脱落酸含量较CK均升高。在干旱下,野生种木蓝的叶绿素总含量和叶片H2O2含量降低,根部H2O2含量升高;而栽培种叶绿素总含量和H2O2含量均升高。2)复水处理后,各指标均逐渐恢复至对照水平,具有补偿生长能力。3)相关性分析表明,2种木蓝的气孔密度与叶片相对含水量、叶绿素与H2O2和激素含量、相对电导率与CAT活性、H2O2与激素含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)关系。主成分分析显示,ABA、IAA、H?O?含量和气孔孔径等主要指标在第一主成分上对干旱胁迫响应的累积贡献率为57.6%,而叶片相对含水量和CAT活性等主要指标在第二主成分上累积贡献率为20.9%。由此可见,2种木蓝均能通过调节气孔结构以减缓水分流失,激活抗氧化防御系统和内源激素信号通路,维持膜稳定性,从而提高耐旱性。其中,栽培种在各指标响应上更为显著,表现出更强的干旱适应能力。

关键词: 河北木蓝, 干旱及复水, 气孔形态, 细胞膜稳定性, 内源激素

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to quantify and compare the physiological and biochemical responses between wild and cultivated Indigofera bungeana lines under drought stress and rehydration. Wild and cultivated varieties of I. bungeana were subjected to a progressive drought stress treatment for 3, 6, 10 and 13 days, imposed by controlling the water level in pots, followed by rehydration for 2 and 7 days. We conducted a comparative analysis based on multiple physiological and biochemical indicators, including biomass accumulation, stomatal morphology, leaf relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability, antioxidant indexes [catalase (CAT) activity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content], and the contents of endogenous hormones [auxin (IAA), ethylene (ETH), abscisic acid (ABA)]. The main results were as follows: 1) Under drought stress, compared with CK, the total biomass, stomatal density and aperture, leaf RWC, and ETH content decreased, whereas leaf relative electrical conductivity (REC), CAT activity, and IAA and ABA contents increased. Under drought stress, total chlorophyll and leaf H2O2 contents decreased in the wild variety, while root H2O2 contents increased. In contrast, both total chlorophyll and H2O2 contents increased under drought stress in the cultivated variety. 2) After rehydration, all indexes gradually returned to the control level, indicating that the plants were capable of compensatory growth after drought. 3) Correlation analyses revealed extremely significant positive correlations (P<0.01) between stomatal density and leaf RWC, chlorophyll content, H2O2 content, hormone contents, REC, and CAT activity in the two varieties of I. bungeana. In a principal component analysis, the first principal component (PC1) accounted for 57.6% of the variance, and was predominantly characterized by high loadings of ABA, IAA, H2O2 contents, and stomatal aperture; the second principal component (PC2) explained 20.9% of the variance, and was mainly associated with leaf RWC and CAT activity. These results show that both varieties of I. bungeana reduced the rate of water loss under drought stress by regulating stomatal structure, activating their antioxidant defense system and endogenous hormone signaling pathways and maintaining membrane stability, as resistance responses to drought stress. Of the tested varieties, the cultivated variety showed more significant responses of the various indexes to drought stress, demonstrating stronger drought adaptability.

Key words: Indigofera bungeana, drought and rehydration, stomatal morphology, cell membrane stability, endogenous hormones