草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (10): 1-14.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025433
• 研究论文 •
收稿日期:2025-10-20
修回日期:2025-12-09
出版日期:2026-10-20
发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者:
许仲林
作者简介:E-mail: zlxu@xju.edu.cn基金资助:
Jing SI1,2(
), Yao WANG1,2, Zhong-lin XU1,3,4,5(
)
Received:2025-10-20
Revised:2025-12-09
Online:2026-10-20
Published:2026-09-09
Contact:
Zhong-lin XU
摘要:
矿物结合态有机碳(mineral-associated organic carbon, MAOC)是土壤有机碳中较为稳定的重要组分,其含量变化直接影响土壤碳库的组成与长期稳定性,尤其在干旱区草地生态系统中,对碳的长期固存与碳汇功能发挥关键作用。目前,对中亚干旱与半干旱区草地MAOC空间格局及其主控因子的研究尚有不足。本研究以新疆天山北坡草地为对象,从草地类型、土壤剖面及地形-气候-土壤因子3个维度,探讨MAOC的空间分布特征及其驱动机制。结果表明:1)MAOC含量随土层深度增加而降低,不同草地类型间依次为山地草甸>典型草原>荒漠草原;2)相关性分析表明,MAOC含量与气温和土壤pH呈显著负相关关系,而与海拔、坡度、速效磷与全氮含量呈显著正相关关系;3)碳稳定性指数(carbon stability index, CSI)显示,深层土壤CSI值越高,碳稳定性越好;4)基于多元回归分析构建MAOC的空间预测模型揭示,MAOC含量呈现由西北向东南递增的空间异质性格局。研究结果有助于深入理解干旱半干旱区草地生态系统MAOC的空间特征与影响因素,为新疆及干旱区“双碳”战略背景下制定陆地碳管理政策提供科学支撑。
司静, 王瑶, 许仲林. 天山北坡草地矿物结合态有机碳的空间分异[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(10): 1-14.
Jing SI, Yao WANG, Zhong-lin XU. Spatial variation of mineral-associated organic carbon in grassland on the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(10): 1-14.
图1 天山北坡地理位置及土壤采样点分布基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2024)0650号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2024)0650 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig. 1 Geographical location of the northern slpoes of the Tianshan Mountains and distribution of soil sampling sites
图2 不同草地类型下土壤有机碳含量分布特征不同大写字母表示同一土层不同草地类型间差异显著(P<0.05);不同小写字母表示同一草地类型不同土层间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) among different grassland types in the same soil layer; different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) among different soil layers in the same grassland type.
Fig.2 Distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon content under different grassland types
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (g·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (g·kg-1) | 平均值 Mean (g·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficients of variation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 1.45 | 5.58 | 3.28Ba | 1.48 | 45.13 |
| 10~20 | 1.03 | 4.74 | 2.86Ba | 1.34 | 47.08 | |
| 20~30 | 0.58 | 4.07 | 2.01Ba | 1.21 | 60.57 | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 0.94 | 18.51 | 6.61Ba | 3.92 | 59.20 |
| 10~20 | 1.18 | 16.46 | 4.88Bab | 3.53 | 72.25 | |
| 20~30 | 0.37 | 10.01 | 3.44Bb | 2.06 | 60.00 | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 3.88 | 23.65 | 13.15Aa | 5.61 | 42.68 |
| 10~20 | 4.03 | 18.63 | 11.64Aa | 3.92 | 33.66 | |
| 20~30 | 2.49 | 12.85 | 8.17Ab | 2.55 | 31.20 |
表1 3种草原类型各土层颗粒态有机碳含量
Table 1 Particulate organic carbon content of soil layer in three grassland types
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (g·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (g·kg-1) | 平均值 Mean (g·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficients of variation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 1.45 | 5.58 | 3.28Ba | 1.48 | 45.13 |
| 10~20 | 1.03 | 4.74 | 2.86Ba | 1.34 | 47.08 | |
| 20~30 | 0.58 | 4.07 | 2.01Ba | 1.21 | 60.57 | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 0.94 | 18.51 | 6.61Ba | 3.92 | 59.20 |
| 10~20 | 1.18 | 16.46 | 4.88Bab | 3.53 | 72.25 | |
| 20~30 | 0.37 | 10.01 | 3.44Bb | 2.06 | 60.00 | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 3.88 | 23.65 | 13.15Aa | 5.61 | 42.68 |
| 10~20 | 4.03 | 18.63 | 11.64Aa | 3.92 | 33.66 | |
| 20~30 | 2.49 | 12.85 | 8.17Ab | 2.55 | 31.20 |
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (g·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (g·kg-1) | 平均值 Mean (g·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficients of variation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 4.99 | 10.34 | 7.16Ba | 1.87 | 26.10 |
| 10~20 | 2.50 | 9.64 | 6.08Ca | 2.39 | 39.28 | |
| 20~30 | 3.39 | 9.33 | 5.90Ca | 1.98 | 33.46 | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 3.14 | 38.58 | 14.64Ba | 8.58 | 58.63 |
| 10~20 | 1.23 | 31.23 | 12.17Ba | 7.79 | 64.02 | |
| 20~30 | 0.92 | 29.46 | 11.05Ba | 7.48 | 67.66 | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 10.04 | 50.89 | 28.40Aa | 11.63 | 40.96 |
| 10~20 | 10.55 | 34.49 | 23.74Aab | 7.44 | 31.35 | |
| 20~30 | 8.69 | 27.37 | 18.95Ab | 5.87 | 30.97 |
表2 3种草原类型各土层矿物结合态有机碳含量
Table 2 Mineral-associated organic carbon content of soil layer in three grassland types
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层深度 Soil depth (cm) | 最小值 Minimum (g·kg-1) | 最大值 Maximum (g·kg-1) | 平均值 Mean (g·kg-1) | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Coefficients of variation (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 4.99 | 10.34 | 7.16Ba | 1.87 | 26.10 |
| 10~20 | 2.50 | 9.64 | 6.08Ca | 2.39 | 39.28 | |
| 20~30 | 3.39 | 9.33 | 5.90Ca | 1.98 | 33.46 | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 3.14 | 38.58 | 14.64Ba | 8.58 | 58.63 |
| 10~20 | 1.23 | 31.23 | 12.17Ba | 7.79 | 64.02 | |
| 20~30 | 0.92 | 29.46 | 11.05Ba | 7.48 | 67.66 | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 10.04 | 50.89 | 28.40Aa | 11.63 | 40.96 |
| 10~20 | 10.55 | 34.49 | 23.74Aab | 7.44 | 31.35 | |
| 20~30 | 8.69 | 27.37 | 18.95Ab | 5.87 | 30.97 |
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层 Soil depth (cm) | pH | 电导率 Electric conductivity (dS·m-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorous (g·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 7.83±0.30Aa | 0.86±1.04Aa | 0.22±0.05Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 12.91±3.76Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.78±0.30Ab | 0.80±0.96Ab | 0.17±0.03ABa | 0.02±0.01Aa | 9.08±1.47Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.74±0.28Ac | 0.76±0.90Aa | 0.14±0.02Ba | 0.03±0.01Aa | 7.07±1.07Aa | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 7.66±0.27Ab | 0.38±0.23Aa | 0.29±0.11Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 14.36±4.39Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.61±0.27Aa | 0.36±0.23Ab | 0.19±0.04ABa | 0.02±0.01Aa | 9.34±3.54Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.57±0.27Ab | 0.35±0.22Aa | 0.14±0.03Ba | 0.02±0.01Aa | 7.83±2.35Aa | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 7.52±0.22Aa | 0.89±2.25Aa | 0.33±0.14Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 26.40±29.72Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.48±0.22Ab | 0.88±2.20Ab | 0.24±0.12ABa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 18.68±21.49Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.43±0.22Ac | 0.87±2.18Aa | 0.15±0.04Ba | 0.03±0.01Aa | 13.45±17.18Aa |
表3 天山北坡草地不同土层的土壤理化性质
Table 3 Soil physicochemical properties across soil layers in northern slope of Tianshan Mountains grasslands
草地类型 Grassland types | 土层 Soil depth (cm) | pH | 电导率 Electric conductivity (dS·m-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorous (g·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
荒漠草原 Desert steppe | 0~10 | 7.83±0.30Aa | 0.86±1.04Aa | 0.22±0.05Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 12.91±3.76Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.78±0.30Ab | 0.80±0.96Ab | 0.17±0.03ABa | 0.02±0.01Aa | 9.08±1.47Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.74±0.28Ac | 0.76±0.90Aa | 0.14±0.02Ba | 0.03±0.01Aa | 7.07±1.07Aa | |
典型草原 Typical steppe | 0~10 | 7.66±0.27Ab | 0.38±0.23Aa | 0.29±0.11Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 14.36±4.39Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.61±0.27Aa | 0.36±0.23Ab | 0.19±0.04ABa | 0.02±0.01Aa | 9.34±3.54Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.57±0.27Ab | 0.35±0.22Aa | 0.14±0.03Ba | 0.02±0.01Aa | 7.83±2.35Aa | |
山地草甸 Mountain meadow | 0~10 | 7.52±0.22Aa | 0.89±2.25Aa | 0.33±0.14Aa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 26.40±29.72Aa |
| 10~20 | 7.48±0.22Ab | 0.88±2.20Ab | 0.24±0.12ABa | 0.03±0.01Aa | 18.68±21.49Aa | |
| 20~30 | 7.43±0.22Ac | 0.87±2.18Aa | 0.15±0.04Ba | 0.03±0.01Aa | 13.45±17.18Aa |
图4 矿物结合态有机碳含量与各影响因子的相关性分析*和**分别表示显著水平为P<0.05和P<0.01。* and ** indicate significance at P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively.
Fig.4 Correlation analysis between mineral-associated organic carbon content and influencing factors
图7 各土层矿物结合态有机碳含量的分布特征基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2024)0650号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2024) 0650 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.7 Distribution characteristics of mineral-associated organic carbon content across soil layers
图8 不同草地类型下碳稳定性指数的垂直分布特征不同小写字母表示同一土层不同草地类型之间差异显著(P<0.05)。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) among grassland types within the same soil layer.
Fig.8 Vertical distribution characteristics of the carbon stability index (CSI) under different grassland types
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