高寒地区垂穗披碱草种质对低温胁迫的生理响应及其耐寒性评价

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018357

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从青海、甘肃和四川境内的高原地区收集10份垂穗披碱草种质资源,在4 ℃低温下处理8、24和72 h,以25 ℃环境生长苗为对照,以材料对低温胁迫的响应为依据,评价种质耐寒性。结果表明,在低温胁迫下,参试材料叶片相对膜透性逐渐增大,阿坝县和若尔盖种质在低温胁迫8 h时叶片电导率高于对照143%和318%;叶绿素含量先降低后增加,但低温胁迫下含量均低于对照;参试材料中游离脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量逐渐增加,其中,阿坝种质游离脯氨酸和若尔盖种质可溶性糖含量增幅最大,在72 h时含量显著高于对照95%和207%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性先增强后减弱,玛曲和碌曲种质中SOD活性在24 h时增加最显著,分别高于对照147%和148%,刚察种质在低温胁迫下POD活性显著高于对照220%。运用隶属函数法综合评价10个种质材料苗期耐寒性发现,碌曲、卓尼县和阿坝县种质耐寒性最强;若尔盖种质耐寒性中等;临潭县、刚察县、夏河县、舟曲县、合作市和玛曲县种质耐寒性弱。

关键词: 垂穗披碱草, 耐寒性, 生理指标, 隶属函数评价

Abstract: This study investigated the cold-resistance capacity and adaptability of Elymus nutans germplasm collections from alpine grasslands. Germplasm collections of E. nutans were made from 7 localities in Gansu (Luqu, Zhuoni, Xiahe, Zhouqu, Hezuo, Lintan and Maqu), 2 localities in Sichuan (Aba and Ruoergai) and 1 locality in Qinghai Provinces (Gangcha). Plant seedlings (28 days old) from each collection were kept at 4 °C for 8, 24, and 72 h and physiological effects of the low temperature exposure were evaluated and the data analyzed using subordinate function analysis. It was found that under low temperature exposure, the relative membrane permeability of the germplasm collections was increased. The largest increases were found in Ruoergai and Aba for 8 h cold-stress (318% and 143%, respectively, compared to Control). Chlorophyll content was decreased by cold exposure, compared to Control, while free proline and soluble sugar were increased, with values of 458 μg·g^-1 FW and 4.80% FW in Aba and Zhuoni exceeding those of control by up to 95% and 207%, respectively. Enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) was enhanced with short exposure, but weakened with longer exposure to cold stress. The strongest SOD enzymatic activity was found in Maqu and Luqu subjected to 24 h cold-stress (respectively, 147% and 148% higher than in Control plants). Meanwhile, the strongest POD enzymatic activity was found in Gangcha (220% higher than in Control plants). The evaluation of membership functions of the 10 regional germplasm collections on physiological index showed that those collected from Luqu, Zhuoni and Aba have stronger cold tolerance, the Ruoergai collection has moderate cold tolerance, and Lintan, Gangcha, Xiahe, Zhouqu, Hezuo and Maqu collections have weak cold tolerance.

Key words: Elymus nutans, cold-resistant capability, physiological index, subordinate function analysis

梁坤伦, 贾存智, 孙金豪, 王明艳, 傅华, 毛祝新. 高寒地区垂穗披碱草种质对低温胁迫的生理响应及其耐寒性评价[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(3): 111-121.

LIANG Kun-lun, JIA Cun-zhi, SUN Jin-hao, WANG Ming-yan, FU Hua, MAO Zhu-xin. Evaluation of physiological responses and tolerance to low-temperature stress of ten Elymus nutans varieties[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(3): 111-121.

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