饮水温度对冬季育肥羊生产性能、血液理化指标及瘤胃显微结构的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019574

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 57-66.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019574

饮水温度对冬季育肥羊生产性能、血液理化指标及瘤胃显微结构的影响

赵娟娟^1*,*, 张伟涛^2*,*, 郭伟婷³, 孙新胜⁴, 王超¹, 赵寿培¹, 车大璐¹, 高玉红^1,*

1.河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定 071001;
2.河北省畜牧总站,河北石家庄 050035;
3.石家庄市畜牧技术推广站,河北石家庄 050035;
4.河北农业大学信息与技术学院,河北保定 071001

收稿日期:2019-12-30 修回日期:2020-04-28 出版日期:2020-11-20 发布日期:2020-11-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: gyhsxs0209@126.com
作者简介:赵娟娟(1995-),女,河北沧州人,在读硕士。E-mail: 2980234925@qq.com;张伟涛(1980-),男,河北石家庄人,高级兽医师,本科。E-mail: 403981914@qq.com。
**共同第一作者
基金资助:
**These authors contributed equally to this work.

Effect of drinking water temperature on production performance, blood biochemical parameters and rumen microstructure of fattening sheep in winter

ZHAO Juan-juan^1,**, ZHANG Wei-tao^2,**, GUO Wei-ting³, SUN Xin-sheng⁴, WANG Chao¹, ZHAO Shou-pei¹, CHE Da-lu¹, GAO Yu-hong^1,*

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China;
2. Animal Husbandry Station of Hebei, Shijiazhuang 050035, China;
3. Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050035, China;
4. College of Information Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China

Received:2019-12-30 Revised:2020-04-28 Online:2020-11-20 Published:2020-11-20
Contact: *E-mail: gyhsxs0209@126.com
Supported by:
河北省重点研发计划项目(20326612D),河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205)和国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0502100)资助

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本试验旨在研究冬季不同饮水温度对育肥羊生产性能、血液理化指标和养分表观消化率的影响,并通过瘤胃组织的显微观察研究不同饮水温度下瘤胃结构的变化,筛选冬季适宜的育肥羊饮水温度。选择135只体重相近的健康育肥后期羊,随机分成3组:2 ℃水温组、8 ℃水温组和20 ℃水温组,每组设3个重复,每个重复15只羊。试验期为28 d。结果表明:1)与2 ℃水温组比较,饮用8和20 ℃水可使羊的日饮水量显著增加(P<0.05);虽然不同水温组羊的日采食量和日增重均未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05),但饮用20 ℃温水相比2 ℃水显著提高了羊的饲料利用率(P<0.05)。2)从血清理化指标看,血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量各组间差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01),与2 ℃水温组比较,饮用8和20 ℃水显著提高了血清GLU含量,分别比2 ℃组增加了1.39和1.14倍,且20 ℃水显著降低了血清胆固醇含量(P<0.05),血清尿素氮、总蛋白和血清3种内分泌激素(三碘甲状腺原氨酸、甲状腺素和生长激素)含量各组间均未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。3)从瘤胃的显微结构可看出,与2和8 ℃水温组比较,饮用20 ℃水显著提高了羊瘤胃乳头长度、宽度及其表面积(P<0.05),且20 ℃水显著降低了瘤胃肌层厚度(P<0.05),提高了黏膜下层厚度(P<0.05),但各组间瘤胃黏膜上皮厚度未表现出显著性差异(P>0.05)。4)随着饮水温度增加,粗脂肪(EE)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和磷(P)的表观消化率显著增加(P<0.05),尤其是P和NDF,其他养分表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。可见,育肥羊冬季饮用温水有助于提高其饲料利用率,改善瘤胃功能,并促进营养物质的消化和吸收。

关键词: 育肥羊, 饮水温度, 生产性能, 血液理化指标, 瘤胃结构, 表观消化率

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects drinking water temperature on production performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients and blood biochemical parameters in fattening sheep in winter, and rumen structure was also observed using a microscope. Information on the ideal temperature of drinking water for fattening sheep might well lead to improved production efficiencies through mechanisms such as alleviation of cold stress. A flock of 135 healthy fattening sheep with similar weight were randomly assigned into three groups, with drinking water supplied at 2, 8 and 20 ℃ for the respective groups. Each treatment contained three pens (15 sheep·pen^-1). The experiment duration was 28 days. It was found that: 1) Compared with the 2 ℃ group, the 8 and 20 ℃ groups had increased daily water consumption (P<0.05). Although there was no statistical difference (P>0.05) in daily feed intake and daily gain between any of the groups, the feed conversion efficiency in the 20 ℃ group was higher than that in 2 ℃ group (P<0.05). 2) There was a difference (P<0.01) between groups in the serum glucose (GLU) contents. The GLU content in 8 and 20 ℃ groups was 1.39 and 1.14 times higher, respectively, than that in the 2 ℃ group, and the 20 ℃ group had decreased the serum cholesterol (P<0.05). The serum urea nitrogen, total protein and serum hormone (triiodothyronine, thyroxine and growth hormone) contents did not differ between groups (P>0.05). 3) The length, width, and surface area of rumen papilla in the 20 ℃ group were increased (P<0.05) compared with the 2 and 8 ℃ groups. The group drinking water at 20 ℃ had reduced rumen muscle layer thickness (P<0.05) and increased submucosal thickness (P<0.05). However, there was no difference (P>0.05) in thickness of mucosal epithelium among groups. 4) With increase in drinking water temperature, the apparent digestibility of crude fat, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and phosphorus (P) increased (P<0.05), especially P and NDF, while the digestibility of other nutrients did not differ between treatment groups (P>0.05). The results showed that drinking warm water improved the feed conversion efficiency of fattening sheep. In addition, drinking warm water may improve rumen function and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Key words: fattening sheep, drinking temperature, performance, blood biochemical parameter, rumen structure, apparent digestibility

赵娟娟, 张伟涛, 郭伟婷, 孙新胜, 王超, 赵寿培, 车大璐, 高玉红. 饮水温度对冬季育肥羊生产性能、血液理化指标及瘤胃显微结构的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(11): 57-66.

ZHAO Juan-juan, ZHANG Wei-tao, GUO Wei-ting, SUN Xin-sheng, WANG Chao, ZHAO Shou-pei, CHE Da-lu, GAO Yu-hong. Effect of drinking water temperature on production performance, blood biochemical parameters and rumen microstructure of fattening sheep in winter[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(11): 57-66.

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饮水温度对冬季育肥羊生产性能、血液理化指标及瘤胃显微结构的影响

Effect of drinking water temperature on production performance, blood biochemical parameters and rumen microstructure of fattening sheep in winter

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