草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 166-177.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020199
王继卿(), 沈继源, 刘秀, 李少斌, 罗玉柱, 赵孟丽, 郝志云, 柯娜, 宋宜泽, 乔莉蓉
收稿日期:
2020-05-11
修回日期:
2020-09-24
出版日期:
2021-02-20
发布日期:
2021-01-19
作者简介:
王继卿(1982-),男,甘肃永昌人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: wangjq@gsau.edu.cn
基金资助:
Ji-qing WANG(), Ji-yuan SHEN, Xiu LIU, Shao-bin LI, Yu-zhu LUO, Meng-li ZHAO, Zhi-yun HAO, Na KE, Yi-ze SONG, Li-rong QIAO
Received:
2020-05-11
Revised:
2020-09-24
Online:
2021-02-20
Published:
2021-01-19
摘要:
1990年,甘肃省庆阳市开始引入辽宁绒山羊对子午岭黑山羊进行杂交改良,但目前尚不清楚2个品种在脂肪酸含量、肌肉营养成分等方面的差异,影响了杂交改良效果。试验旨在分析两个绒山羊品种的产肉性能、肉品质、肌肉营养成分和脂肪酸含量差异,为绒山羊的杂交改良提供理论依据。本研究选取相同饲养管理条件下、9月龄的子午岭黑山羊和辽宁绒山羊公羊各5只,测定其屠宰性能以及背最长肌、前腿肌和后腿肌处的肉品质、脂肪酸含量和肌肉营养成分。结果表明:子午岭黑山羊的胴体重、屠宰率、净肉重、净肉率、眼肌面积、GR值、剪切力和滴水损失低于辽宁绒山羊(P<0.05),但其肌肉的平均亮度值、色度值、pH1和pH24高于辽宁绒山羊(P<0.01)。营养成分测定结果表明,子午岭黑山羊肌肉的水分和粗灰分含量高于辽宁绒山羊(P<0.05),但肌内脂肪和粗蛋白含量低于辽宁绒山羊。在2个山羊品种的肌肉中均检测到11 种饱和脂肪酸(SFA,以棕榈酸和硬脂酸为主)、10种多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA,以亚油酸和顺-11,14-二十碳二烯酸为主)和6种单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA,以油酸为主),子午岭黑山羊肉中的SFA、PUFA、n-3 PUFA、n-6 PUFA含量和PUFA/SFA值均高于辽宁绒山羊(P<0.01),但MUFA含量低于辽宁绒山羊(P<0.01)。结果表明,辽宁绒山羊有更高的产肉力,但子午岭黑山羊肌肉品质和营养成分更佳,脂肪酸组成和含量更符合人类健康膳食标准。
王继卿, 沈继源, 刘秀, 李少斌, 罗玉柱, 赵孟丽, 郝志云, 柯娜, 宋宜泽, 乔莉蓉. 子午岭黑山羊与辽宁绒山羊产肉性能、肉品质、肌肉营养成分和脂肪酸含量比较[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(2): 166-177.
Ji-qing WANG, Ji-yuan SHEN, Xiu LIU, Shao-bin LI, Yu-zhu LUO, Meng-li ZHAO, Zhi-yun HAO, Na KE, Yi-ze SONG, Li-rong QIAO. Comparative analysis of meat production traits, meat quality, and muscle nutrient and fatty acid contents between Ziwuling black goats and Liaoning cashmere goats[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(2): 166-177.
原料Feed ingredient | 比例Proportion | 营养水平Nutrient level | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
玉米Maize (%) | 59.0 | 消化能Digested energy (MJ·kg-1) | 13.52 |
豌豆Pea (%) | 13.0 | 粗蛋白Crude protein (%) | 14.18 |
胡麻饼Oil cake of flax seed (%) | 8.0 | 钙Calcium (%) | 3.12 |
小麦麸皮Wheat bran (%) | 18.0 | 磷Phosphorus (%) | 0.41 |
食盐Salt (%) | 1.0 | 干物质Dry matter (%) | 85.00 |
预混料Premix (%) | 0.5 | ||
石灰石 Limestone (%) | 0.5 |
表1 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊日粮配方及营养水平
Table 1 The ration formulation and nutrient level in Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats
原料Feed ingredient | 比例Proportion | 营养水平Nutrient level | 含量Content |
---|---|---|---|
玉米Maize (%) | 59.0 | 消化能Digested energy (MJ·kg-1) | 13.52 |
豌豆Pea (%) | 13.0 | 粗蛋白Crude protein (%) | 14.18 |
胡麻饼Oil cake of flax seed (%) | 8.0 | 钙Calcium (%) | 3.12 |
小麦麸皮Wheat bran (%) | 18.0 | 磷Phosphorus (%) | 0.41 |
食盐Salt (%) | 1.0 | 干物质Dry matter (%) | 85.00 |
预混料Premix (%) | 0.5 | ||
石灰石 Limestone (%) | 0.5 |
指标Index | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|
宰前活重Liveweight before slaughtering (kg) | 31.09±1.23A | 18.21±2.79B |
胴体重Carcass weight (kg) | 14.10±1.17A | 7.45±1.28B |
屠宰率Dressing percentage (%) | 45.30±2.12a | 40.90±2.99b |
净肉重Net meat weight (kg) | 5.57±0.48A | 2.37±0.38B |
净肉率Net meat percentage (%) | 85.09±1.93A | 79.03±2.32B |
骨肉比Ratio of meat to bone (%) | 17.57±2.74B | 26.61±3.67A |
眼肌面积Lion-eye area (cm2) | 13.44±2.26A | 5.86±1.97B |
GR值GR value (cm) | 1.64±0.08A | 1.04±0.02B |
表2 辽宁绒山羊公羊和子午岭黑山羊公羊的产肉性能
Table 2 Meat performance traits of Liaoning cashmere rams and Ziwuling black rams
指标Index | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|
宰前活重Liveweight before slaughtering (kg) | 31.09±1.23A | 18.21±2.79B |
胴体重Carcass weight (kg) | 14.10±1.17A | 7.45±1.28B |
屠宰率Dressing percentage (%) | 45.30±2.12a | 40.90±2.99b |
净肉重Net meat weight (kg) | 5.57±0.48A | 2.37±0.38B |
净肉率Net meat percentage (%) | 85.09±1.93A | 79.03±2.32B |
骨肉比Ratio of meat to bone (%) | 17.57±2.74B | 26.61±3.67A |
眼肌面积Lion-eye area (cm2) | 13.44±2.26A | 5.86±1.97B |
GR值GR value (cm) | 1.64±0.08A | 1.04±0.02B |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
亮度Lightness (L*) | LDM | 30.66±2.00B | 34.82±1.87A | pH24 | LDM | 5.70±0.10B | 5.86±0.05A |
FLM | 32.50±2.30B | 36.07±2.10A | FLM | 5.84±0.07B | 6.00±0.09A | ||
HLM | 30.90±3.09b | 33.66±3.69a | HLM | 5.77±0.09 | 5.83±0.10 | ||
红度Redness (a*) | LDM | 12.52±2.41 | 13.48±2.05 | 剪切力Shear force (N) | LDM | 22.71±2.63a | 18.11±1.27b |
FLM | 11.89±2.46 | 12.71±1.95 | FLM | 34.19±9.61 | 30.13±6.97 | ||
HLM | 13.39±2.04 | 12.47±1.26 | HLM | 39.69±4.26a | 34.73±4.72b | ||
黄度Yellowness (b*) | LDM | 12.03±1.81 | 12.33±1.41 | 熟肉率Cooking yield (%) | LDM | 61.89±4.84 | 62.26±5.60 |
FLM | 11.27±1.22 | 12.02±0.90 | FLM | 62.21±4.08 | 62.42±3.35 | ||
HLM | 11.85±2.08 | 11.69±1.49 | HLM | 58.20±3.22 | 57.07±3.92 | ||
色度Chroma (C) | LDM | 16.62±1.81b | 18.80 ±2.17a | 失水率Water loss rate (%) | LDM | 3.76±0.52b | 6.37±1.24a |
FLM | 16.89±1.67 | 17.47±2.05 | FLM | 4.57±0.97a | 4.42±1.04b | ||
HLM | 17.89±1.83 | 16.92±1.82 | HLM | 4.28±0.76b | 5.52±1.21a | ||
pH1 | LDM | 6.51±0.21B | 6.75±0.14A | 滴水损失率Drip loss rate (%) | LDM | 5.07±0.51a | 2.92±0.19b |
FLM | 6.68±0.08 | 6.75±0.13 | FLM | 3.81±1.46 | 3.46±0.98 | ||
HLM | 6.65±0.18 | 6.57±0.31 | HLM | 7.11±2.16a | 4.22±0.90b | ||
大理石花纹评分 Marbling score | LDM | 2.81±0.24A | 2.18±0.26B |
表3 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊肉品质
Table 3 Meat quality of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
亮度Lightness (L*) | LDM | 30.66±2.00B | 34.82±1.87A | pH24 | LDM | 5.70±0.10B | 5.86±0.05A |
FLM | 32.50±2.30B | 36.07±2.10A | FLM | 5.84±0.07B | 6.00±0.09A | ||
HLM | 30.90±3.09b | 33.66±3.69a | HLM | 5.77±0.09 | 5.83±0.10 | ||
红度Redness (a*) | LDM | 12.52±2.41 | 13.48±2.05 | 剪切力Shear force (N) | LDM | 22.71±2.63a | 18.11±1.27b |
FLM | 11.89±2.46 | 12.71±1.95 | FLM | 34.19±9.61 | 30.13±6.97 | ||
HLM | 13.39±2.04 | 12.47±1.26 | HLM | 39.69±4.26a | 34.73±4.72b | ||
黄度Yellowness (b*) | LDM | 12.03±1.81 | 12.33±1.41 | 熟肉率Cooking yield (%) | LDM | 61.89±4.84 | 62.26±5.60 |
FLM | 11.27±1.22 | 12.02±0.90 | FLM | 62.21±4.08 | 62.42±3.35 | ||
HLM | 11.85±2.08 | 11.69±1.49 | HLM | 58.20±3.22 | 57.07±3.92 | ||
色度Chroma (C) | LDM | 16.62±1.81b | 18.80 ±2.17a | 失水率Water loss rate (%) | LDM | 3.76±0.52b | 6.37±1.24a |
FLM | 16.89±1.67 | 17.47±2.05 | FLM | 4.57±0.97a | 4.42±1.04b | ||
HLM | 17.89±1.83 | 16.92±1.82 | HLM | 4.28±0.76b | 5.52±1.21a | ||
pH1 | LDM | 6.51±0.21B | 6.75±0.14A | 滴水损失率Drip loss rate (%) | LDM | 5.07±0.51a | 2.92±0.19b |
FLM | 6.68±0.08 | 6.75±0.13 | FLM | 3.81±1.46 | 3.46±0.98 | ||
HLM | 6.65±0.18 | 6.57±0.31 | HLM | 7.11±2.16a | 4.22±0.90b | ||
大理石花纹评分 Marbling score | LDM | 2.81±0.24A | 2.18±0.26B |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水分Moisture content | LDM | 73.77±1.93b | 75.91±0.33a | 粗蛋白Crude protein | LDM | 19.61±1.51 | 18.95±0.88 |
FLM | 72.59±1.65B | 76.83±0.28A | FLM | 20.11±0.86a | 19.04±0.75b | ||
HLM | 75.14±1.10B | 76.92±0.72A | HLM | 19.45±0.42 | 18.72±1.05 | ||
肌内脂肪Intramuscular fat | LDM | 3.23±0.23a | 1.88±0.40b | 粗灰分Crude ash | LDM | 0.97±0.17b | 1.14±0.05a |
FLM | 2.49±0.88 | 2.12±0.59 | FLM | 1.16±0.05 | 1.16±0.11 | ||
HLM | 2.35±0.55 | 2.01±0.77 | HLM | 1.08±0.08B | 1.18±0.06A |
表4 辽宁绒山羊与子午岭黑山羊肌肉营养成分
Table 4 Muscle nutrients of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats (%)
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水分Moisture content | LDM | 73.77±1.93b | 75.91±0.33a | 粗蛋白Crude protein | LDM | 19.61±1.51 | 18.95±0.88 |
FLM | 72.59±1.65B | 76.83±0.28A | FLM | 20.11±0.86a | 19.04±0.75b | ||
HLM | 75.14±1.10B | 76.92±0.72A | HLM | 19.45±0.42 | 18.72±1.05 | ||
肌内脂肪Intramuscular fat | LDM | 3.23±0.23a | 1.88±0.40b | 粗灰分Crude ash | LDM | 0.97±0.17b | 1.14±0.05a |
FLM | 2.49±0.88 | 2.12±0.59 | FLM | 1.16±0.05 | 1.16±0.11 | ||
HLM | 2.35±0.55 | 2.01±0.77 | HLM | 1.08±0.08B | 1.18±0.06A |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丁酸Butyric acid (C4:0) | LDM | 2.63±1.23 | 2.26±0.76 | 十七烷酸Heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) | LDM | 0.80±0.05B | 0.93±0.07A |
FLM | 2.09±0.77 | 1.45±0.42 | FLM | 0.65±0.15B | 0.99±0.13A | ||
HLM | 3.53±1.55 | 2.03±0.35 | HLM | 0.70±0.15 | 0.85±0.14 | ||
葵酸Capric acid (C10:0) | LDM | 0.12±0.05 | 0.27±0.16 | 硬脂酸Stearic acid (C18:0) | LDM | 17.77±1.14A | 14.01±0.80B |
FLM | 0.15±0.05b | 0.34±0.07a | FLM | 14.59±0.76 | 13.83±1.17 | ||
HLM | ND | 0.16±0.06 | HLM | 14.69±1.24 | 14.27±2.09 | ||
十三烷酸Tridecanoic acid (C13:0) | LDM | 0.29±0.05B | 0.54±0.09A | 二十一烷酸Heneicosanoic acid (C21:0) | LDM | 0.14±0.03B | 0.26±0.07A |
FLM | 0.51±0.13 | 0.46±0.10 | FLM | 0.27±0.06 | 0.29±0.09 | ||
HLM | 0.58±0.04 | 0.67±0.12 | HLM | 0.30±0.03 | 0.32±0.07 | ||
肉豆蔻酸Myristic acid (C14:0) | LDM | 1.38±0.27B | 2.89±0.57A | 二十三烷酸Tricosanoic acid (C23:0) | LDM | 0.13±0.01A | 0.02±0.00B |
FLM | 1.29±0.15B | 2.48±0.85A | FLM | 0.16±0.05 | 0.36±0.17 | ||
HLM | 1.32±0.18B | 2.01±0.66A | HLM | 0.23±0.07 | ND | ||
十五烷酸Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) | LDM | 0.50±0.08B | 0.75±0.09A | 二十四烷酸Lignoceric acid (C24:0) | LDM | 0.05±0.01B | 0.37±0.24A |
FLM | 0.61±0.13b | 0.76±0.08a | FLM | 0.11±0.03B | 0.42±0.17A | ||
HLM | 0.60±0.22b | 0.81±0.14a | HLM | 0.15±0.08B | 0.58±0.10A | ||
棕榈酸Palmitic acid (C16:0) | LDM | 18.18±0.84B | 20.95±2.21A | ||||
FLM | 18.28±0.59 | 19.07±1.77 | |||||
HLM | 17.72±0.62 | 18.44±0.83 |
表5 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊肌肉组织中SFA种类及含量
Table 5 The type and content of SFA in muscle tissues of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats (%)
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
丁酸Butyric acid (C4:0) | LDM | 2.63±1.23 | 2.26±0.76 | 十七烷酸Heptadecanoic acid (C17:0) | LDM | 0.80±0.05B | 0.93±0.07A |
FLM | 2.09±0.77 | 1.45±0.42 | FLM | 0.65±0.15B | 0.99±0.13A | ||
HLM | 3.53±1.55 | 2.03±0.35 | HLM | 0.70±0.15 | 0.85±0.14 | ||
葵酸Capric acid (C10:0) | LDM | 0.12±0.05 | 0.27±0.16 | 硬脂酸Stearic acid (C18:0) | LDM | 17.77±1.14A | 14.01±0.80B |
FLM | 0.15±0.05b | 0.34±0.07a | FLM | 14.59±0.76 | 13.83±1.17 | ||
HLM | ND | 0.16±0.06 | HLM | 14.69±1.24 | 14.27±2.09 | ||
十三烷酸Tridecanoic acid (C13:0) | LDM | 0.29±0.05B | 0.54±0.09A | 二十一烷酸Heneicosanoic acid (C21:0) | LDM | 0.14±0.03B | 0.26±0.07A |
FLM | 0.51±0.13 | 0.46±0.10 | FLM | 0.27±0.06 | 0.29±0.09 | ||
HLM | 0.58±0.04 | 0.67±0.12 | HLM | 0.30±0.03 | 0.32±0.07 | ||
肉豆蔻酸Myristic acid (C14:0) | LDM | 1.38±0.27B | 2.89±0.57A | 二十三烷酸Tricosanoic acid (C23:0) | LDM | 0.13±0.01A | 0.02±0.00B |
FLM | 1.29±0.15B | 2.48±0.85A | FLM | 0.16±0.05 | 0.36±0.17 | ||
HLM | 1.32±0.18B | 2.01±0.66A | HLM | 0.23±0.07 | ND | ||
十五烷酸Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) | LDM | 0.50±0.08B | 0.75±0.09A | 二十四烷酸Lignoceric acid (C24:0) | LDM | 0.05±0.01B | 0.37±0.24A |
FLM | 0.61±0.13b | 0.76±0.08a | FLM | 0.11±0.03B | 0.42±0.17A | ||
HLM | 0.60±0.22b | 0.81±0.14a | HLM | 0.15±0.08B | 0.58±0.10A | ||
棕榈酸Palmitic acid (C16:0) | LDM | 18.18±0.84B | 20.95±2.21A | ||||
FLM | 18.28±0.59 | 19.07±1.77 | |||||
HLM | 17.72±0.62 | 18.44±0.83 |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
肉豆蔻烯酸Myristoleic acid (C14:1n5) | LDM | 0.08±0.00 | 0.26±0.15 | 顺-10-十七碳烯酸Cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) | LDM | 0.72±0.16 | 0.60±0.07 |
FLM | ND | 0.22±0.05 | FLM | 0.58±0.11 | 0.62±0.11 | ||
HLM | ND | 0.23±0.07 | HLM | 0.54±0.10 | 0.55±0.15 | ||
顺-10-十五碳烯酸 Cis-10-pentadecenoic acid (C15:1) | LDM | 0.16±0.05 | 0.16±0.04 | 油酸Oleic acid (C18:1n9c) | LDM | 46.60±0.67A | 36.38±4.28B |
FLM | 0.21±0.07 | 0.19±0.07 | FLM | 45.16±0.68A | 34.83±3.54B | ||
HLM | 0.20±0.12 | 0.19±0.06 | HLM | 42.65±2.42A | 33.31±1.73B | ||
棕榈油酸Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7) | LDM | 1.90±0.40 | 2.00±0.64 | 顺-11-二十碳烯酸Cis-11-eicosenoic acid (C20:1) | LDM | 0.15±0.03 | 0.25±0.16 |
FLM | 1.83±0.25B | 2.31±0.50A | FLM | 0.12±0.02B | 0.41±0.16A | ||
HLM | 1.86±0.23 | 1.90±0.35 | HLM | 0.09±0.05B | 0.53±0.13A |
表6 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊肌肉组织中MUFA种类及含量
Table 6 The type and content of MUFA in muscle tissues of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats (%)
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
肉豆蔻烯酸Myristoleic acid (C14:1n5) | LDM | 0.08±0.00 | 0.26±0.15 | 顺-10-十七碳烯酸Cis-10-heptadecenoic acid (C17:1) | LDM | 0.72±0.16 | 0.60±0.07 |
FLM | ND | 0.22±0.05 | FLM | 0.58±0.11 | 0.62±0.11 | ||
HLM | ND | 0.23±0.07 | HLM | 0.54±0.10 | 0.55±0.15 | ||
顺-10-十五碳烯酸 Cis-10-pentadecenoic acid (C15:1) | LDM | 0.16±0.05 | 0.16±0.04 | 油酸Oleic acid (C18:1n9c) | LDM | 46.60±0.67A | 36.38±4.28B |
FLM | 0.21±0.07 | 0.19±0.07 | FLM | 45.16±0.68A | 34.83±3.54B | ||
HLM | 0.20±0.12 | 0.19±0.06 | HLM | 42.65±2.42A | 33.31±1.73B | ||
棕榈油酸Palmitoleic acid (C16:1n7) | LDM | 1.90±0.40 | 2.00±0.64 | 顺-11-二十碳烯酸Cis-11-eicosenoic acid (C20:1) | LDM | 0.15±0.03 | 0.25±0.16 |
FLM | 1.83±0.25B | 2.31±0.50A | FLM | 0.12±0.02B | 0.41±0.16A | ||
HLM | 1.86±0.23 | 1.90±0.35 | HLM | 0.09±0.05B | 0.53±0.13A |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
反亚油酸Linolelaidic acid (C18:2n6t) | LDM | 0.07±0.02 | 0.05±0.04 | 顺-11, 14, 17-二十碳三烯酸 Cis-11, 14, 17-eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n3) | LDM | 0.15±0.03B | 1.04±0.36A |
FLM | 0.08±0.02 | 0.08±0.03 | FLM | 0.43±0.13B | 1.09±0.14A | ||
HLM | 0.08±0.01 | 0.11±0.06 | HLM | 0.50±0.14B | 1.35±0.35A | ||
亚油酸Linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) | LDM | 3.91±0.78B | 6.39±1.21A | 花生四烯酸Arachidonic acid (C20:4) | LDM | 0.29±0.07 | 0.25±0.08 |
FLM | 6.94±1.31B | 10.57±1.53A | FLM | 0.44±0.14A | 0.20±0.08B | ||
HLM | 7.84±1.14B | 10.44±1.69A | HLM | 0.58±0.09A | 0.25±0.06B | ||
γ-亚麻酸Gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3n6) | LDM | 0.28±0.05B | 1.39±0.49A | 顺-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-二十碳五烯酸Cis-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3) | LDM | 0.91±0.22 | 0.77±0.20 |
FLM | 0.40±0.05B | 1.75±0.72A | FLM | 0.63±0.10 | 0.68±0.16 | ||
HLM | 0.32±0.08B | 1.86±0.49A | HLM | 1.00±0.05 | 1.25±0.31 | ||
α-亚麻酸Alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n3) | LDM | 0.66±0.16 | 0.53±0.10 | 顺-13, 16-二十二碳二烯酸 Cis-13, 16-docosadienoic acid (C22:2) | LDM | 1.32±0.14B | 1.76±0.31A |
FLM | 0.64±0.01 | 0.51±0.07 | FLM | 0.88±0.17B | 1.65±0.29A | ||
HLM | 0.54±0.01 | 0.48±0.09 | HLM | 1.52±0.63 | 2.07±0.67 | ||
顺-11, 14-二十碳二烯酸 Cis-11, 14-eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) | LDM | 2.05±0.71b | 3.36±1.66a | 顺- 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-二十二碳六烯酸Cis-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) | LDM | ND | ND |
FLM | 3.85±0.83 | 4.07±1.11 | FLM | 0.14±0.02 | 0.18±0.04 | ||
HLM | 5.29±0.77 | 6.00±1.05 | HLM | 0.26±0.16 | 0.32±0.24 |
表7 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊肌肉组织中PUFA种类及含量
Table 7 The type and content of PUFA in muscle tissues of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats (%)
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
反亚油酸Linolelaidic acid (C18:2n6t) | LDM | 0.07±0.02 | 0.05±0.04 | 顺-11, 14, 17-二十碳三烯酸 Cis-11, 14, 17-eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n3) | LDM | 0.15±0.03B | 1.04±0.36A |
FLM | 0.08±0.02 | 0.08±0.03 | FLM | 0.43±0.13B | 1.09±0.14A | ||
HLM | 0.08±0.01 | 0.11±0.06 | HLM | 0.50±0.14B | 1.35±0.35A | ||
亚油酸Linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) | LDM | 3.91±0.78B | 6.39±1.21A | 花生四烯酸Arachidonic acid (C20:4) | LDM | 0.29±0.07 | 0.25±0.08 |
FLM | 6.94±1.31B | 10.57±1.53A | FLM | 0.44±0.14A | 0.20±0.08B | ||
HLM | 7.84±1.14B | 10.44±1.69A | HLM | 0.58±0.09A | 0.25±0.06B | ||
γ-亚麻酸Gamma-linolenic acid (C18:3n6) | LDM | 0.28±0.05B | 1.39±0.49A | 顺-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-二十碳五烯酸Cis-5, 8, 11, 14, 17-eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n3) | LDM | 0.91±0.22 | 0.77±0.20 |
FLM | 0.40±0.05B | 1.75±0.72A | FLM | 0.63±0.10 | 0.68±0.16 | ||
HLM | 0.32±0.08B | 1.86±0.49A | HLM | 1.00±0.05 | 1.25±0.31 | ||
α-亚麻酸Alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3n3) | LDM | 0.66±0.16 | 0.53±0.10 | 顺-13, 16-二十二碳二烯酸 Cis-13, 16-docosadienoic acid (C22:2) | LDM | 1.32±0.14B | 1.76±0.31A |
FLM | 0.64±0.01 | 0.51±0.07 | FLM | 0.88±0.17B | 1.65±0.29A | ||
HLM | 0.54±0.01 | 0.48±0.09 | HLM | 1.52±0.63 | 2.07±0.67 | ||
顺-11, 14-二十碳二烯酸 Cis-11, 14-eicosadienoic acid (C20:2) | LDM | 2.05±0.71b | 3.36±1.66a | 顺- 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-二十二碳六烯酸Cis-4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19-docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6) | LDM | ND | ND |
FLM | 3.85±0.83 | 4.07±1.11 | FLM | 0.14±0.02 | 0.18±0.04 | ||
HLM | 5.29±0.77 | 6.00±1.05 | HLM | 0.26±0.16 | 0.32±0.24 |
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
饱和脂肪酸SFA (%) | LDM | 43.37±0.71B | 45.89±1.12A | n-3多不饱和脂肪酸 n-3 PUFA (%) | LDM | 1.29±0.47b | 2.00±0.85a |
FLM | 36.80±1.40B | 41.73±1.34A | FLM | 1.90±0.34 | 2.33±0.74 | ||
HLM | 37.10±1.37B | 41.75±4.37A | HLM | 1.90±0.32 | 2.64±0.87 | ||
单不饱和脂肪酸 MUFA (%) | LDM | 48.76±0.81A | 37.41±4.50B | n-6多不饱和脂肪酸 n-6 PUFA (%) | LDM | 4.50±0.94B | 7.83±1.90A |
FLM | 47.87±0.64A | 35.15±2.90B | FLM | 7.66±1.07B | 9.92±2.29A | ||
HLM | 45.81±1.69A | 36.30±1.68B | HLM | 7.36±2.31B | 11.45±0.80A | ||
多不饱和脂肪酸PUFA (%) | LDM | 8.52±1.42B | 17.04±3.46A | n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸n-6/n-3 PUFA | LDM | 3.87±1.24 | 4.30±1.53 |
FLM | 13.61±1.96B | 21.56±3.12A | FLM | 4.30±0.56 | 4.78±1.20 | ||
HLM | 16.37±2.46B | 21.04±3.38A | HLM | 3.97±0.93 | 4.50±1.57 | ||
多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸PUFA/SFA | LDM | 0.23±0.05B | 0.34±0.08A | ||||
FLM | 0.35±0.03B | 0.47±0.08A | |||||
HLM | 0.40±0.04 | 0.48±0.07 |
表8 辽宁绒山羊和子午岭黑山羊肌肉组织中总脂肪酸种类及含量
Table 8 The type and content of total fatty acids in muscle tissues of Liaoning cashmere goats and Ziwuling black goats
指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats | 指标 Index | 部位 Position | 辽宁绒山羊 Liaoning cashmere goats | 子午岭黑山羊 Ziwuling black goats |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
饱和脂肪酸SFA (%) | LDM | 43.37±0.71B | 45.89±1.12A | n-3多不饱和脂肪酸 n-3 PUFA (%) | LDM | 1.29±0.47b | 2.00±0.85a |
FLM | 36.80±1.40B | 41.73±1.34A | FLM | 1.90±0.34 | 2.33±0.74 | ||
HLM | 37.10±1.37B | 41.75±4.37A | HLM | 1.90±0.32 | 2.64±0.87 | ||
单不饱和脂肪酸 MUFA (%) | LDM | 48.76±0.81A | 37.41±4.50B | n-6多不饱和脂肪酸 n-6 PUFA (%) | LDM | 4.50±0.94B | 7.83±1.90A |
FLM | 47.87±0.64A | 35.15±2.90B | FLM | 7.66±1.07B | 9.92±2.29A | ||
HLM | 45.81±1.69A | 36.30±1.68B | HLM | 7.36±2.31B | 11.45±0.80A | ||
多不饱和脂肪酸PUFA (%) | LDM | 8.52±1.42B | 17.04±3.46A | n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸n-6/n-3 PUFA | LDM | 3.87±1.24 | 4.30±1.53 |
FLM | 13.61±1.96B | 21.56±3.12A | FLM | 4.30±0.56 | 4.78±1.20 | ||
HLM | 16.37±2.46B | 21.04±3.38A | HLM | 3.97±0.93 | 4.50±1.57 | ||
多不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸PUFA/SFA | LDM | 0.23±0.05B | 0.34±0.08A | ||||
FLM | 0.35±0.03B | 0.47±0.08A | |||||
HLM | 0.40±0.04 | 0.48±0.07 |
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