草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 205-213.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020232
收稿日期:
2020-05-21
修回日期:
2020-07-15
出版日期:
2021-05-21
发布日期:
2021-05-21
通讯作者:
靳磊
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: jinleinxu@163.com基金资助:
Yun-xia WANG(), Ping ZHANG, Bei-lei GE, Rong YA, Ying YANG, Lei JIN()
Received:
2020-05-21
Revised:
2020-07-15
Online:
2021-05-21
Published:
2021-05-21
Contact:
Lei JIN
摘要:
为探明钾素与渥丹百合生长发育及鳞茎活性成分积累的关系,采用Hoagland营养液浇灌技术,研究不同钾水平(K0、K1、K2、K3、K4)对渥丹百合株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶绿素含量的影响,采用分光光度法、火焰光度法测定并分析了鳞茎中活性物质(多糖、总酚、总黄酮、皂苷)及钾含量的积累。结果表明:1)渥丹百合农艺性状对钾水平的响应差异显著(P<0.05),其中K4(895.2 mg·L-1)水平下株高和叶片叶绿素含量达最大值,K3(671.4 mg·L-1)水平茎粗与鳞茎周径达最大值;2)与不施钾(K0)相比,各处理均对鳞茎中活性成分影响差异显著(P<0.05),尤其K4水平提高了多糖、总酚、总黄酮和皂苷含量,分别是K0的2.87、4.33、5.79、1.57倍;3)各处理下鳞茎中钾含量在0.29%~1.31%,其中K2水平效果显著,较K0提高了22.90%;4)相关性分析表明,4种活性物质均与钾浓度呈正相关,尤其半枯期鳞茎周径与钾浓度存在显著正相关,相关系数为0.83。以上结果可为百合优质栽培提供理论依据。
王云霞, 张萍, 葛蓓蕾, 雅蓉, 杨英, 靳磊. 渥丹百合农艺性状及活性成分对钾元素的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2021, 30(6): 205-213.
Yun-xia WANG, Ping ZHANG, Bei-lei GE, Rong YA, Ying YANG, Lei JIN. Response of agronomic characters and active components of Lilium concolor to potassium[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 205-213.
处理Treatment | K0 | K1 | K2 | K3 | K4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (609.8 mg·L-1)+P (88.4 mg·L-1) | 0 | 223.8 | 447.6 | 671.4 | 895.2 |
表1 不同水平钾浓度对渥丹百合幼苗的处理
Table 1 Different levels of potassium concentration were used for the treatment of L. concolor seedling (mg·L-1)
处理Treatment | K0 | K1 | K2 | K3 | K4 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (609.8 mg·L-1)+P (88.4 mg·L-1) | 0 | 223.8 | 447.6 | 671.4 | 895.2 |
农艺性状 Agronomic characters | 处理 Treatment | 不同生育期 Different growth stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 开花期 Flowering stage | 半枯期 Half dry stage | 全枯期 All dry stage | ||
株高 Height of plant (cm) | K0 | 33.35±3.35a | 66.50±0.30e | 67.35±3.15d | 60.80±1.70e |
K1 | 35.50±5.00a | 69.60±4.20b | 68.65±4.15c | 63.20±1.60d | |
K2 | 40.90±1.20a | 69.90±3.60a | 68.00±4.40cd | 64.65±0.15c | |
K3 | 41.85±1.65a | 69.45±3.05c | 74.10±2.40b | 67.00±1.60b | |
K4 | 36.10±2.10a | 69.05±3.25d | 79.40±2.20a | 75.75±0.15a | |
茎粗 Width of stem (mm) | K0 | 8.27±0.38c | 7.30±0.02b | 7.80±0.19ab | 4.97±0.01d |
K1 | 8.25±0.16c | 7.49±0.40a | 7.70±0.02b | 6.70±0.22c | |
K2 | 8.81±0.22b | 7.35±0.25b | 7.57±0.21c | 6.67±0.50c | |
K3 | 8.87±0.30a | 7.36±0.03b | 7.90±0.51a | 7.40±0.70b | |
K4 | 7.72±0.32d | 7.30±0.31b | 7.27±0.02d | 8.27±0.07a | |
叶片数 Leaf number (No.) | K0 | 104.00±6.00b | 89.00±6.00b | 77.50±7.50a | - |
K1 | 94.50±6.50d | 93.33±2.50a | 76.00±0.00b | - | |
K2 | 112.50±2.50a | 93.75±3.50a | 64.50±6.50c | - | |
K3 | 92.00±3.00e | 93.67±4.50a | 62.33±3.00d | - | |
K4 | 97.50±3.50c | 84.00±5.00c | 60.00±4.00e | - | |
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg·g-1) | K0 | 59.65±5.64c | 57.58±2.93c | 44.34±4.43d | - |
K1 | 54.99±2.79e | 61.61±2.30a | 46.45±3.93c | - | |
K2 | 56.48±5.11d | 60.90±3.33ab | 48.64±4.23a | - | |
K3 | 60.30±1.95b | 58.25±3.78c | 46.55±3.53b | - | |
K4 | 61.09±3.86a | 61.88±1.98a | 34.26±2.22e | - | |
鳞茎周径 Bulb circumference (cm) | K0 | 10.45±1.35c | 5.13±0.50e | 12.70±0.20bc | 14.53±0.65c |
K1 | 11.70±0.30a | 5.25±0.46d | 13.35±0.35ab | 14.90±0.10b | |
K2 | 10.25±0.05d | 5.50±0.25c | 13.57±0.70ab | 14.70±0.60b | |
K3 | 10.75±0.35b | 5.80±0.10b | 15.00±0.15a | 15.00±0.70a | |
K4 | 9.95±0.55e | 6.10±0.40a | 14.25±0.05a | 14.10±0.30cd |
表2 不同处理下渥丹百合农艺性状的动态变化
Table 2 Dynamic changes of agronomic characters of L. concolor under different treatments
农艺性状 Agronomic characters | 处理 Treatment | 不同生育期 Different growth stage | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 开花期 Flowering stage | 半枯期 Half dry stage | 全枯期 All dry stage | ||
株高 Height of plant (cm) | K0 | 33.35±3.35a | 66.50±0.30e | 67.35±3.15d | 60.80±1.70e |
K1 | 35.50±5.00a | 69.60±4.20b | 68.65±4.15c | 63.20±1.60d | |
K2 | 40.90±1.20a | 69.90±3.60a | 68.00±4.40cd | 64.65±0.15c | |
K3 | 41.85±1.65a | 69.45±3.05c | 74.10±2.40b | 67.00±1.60b | |
K4 | 36.10±2.10a | 69.05±3.25d | 79.40±2.20a | 75.75±0.15a | |
茎粗 Width of stem (mm) | K0 | 8.27±0.38c | 7.30±0.02b | 7.80±0.19ab | 4.97±0.01d |
K1 | 8.25±0.16c | 7.49±0.40a | 7.70±0.02b | 6.70±0.22c | |
K2 | 8.81±0.22b | 7.35±0.25b | 7.57±0.21c | 6.67±0.50c | |
K3 | 8.87±0.30a | 7.36±0.03b | 7.90±0.51a | 7.40±0.70b | |
K4 | 7.72±0.32d | 7.30±0.31b | 7.27±0.02d | 8.27±0.07a | |
叶片数 Leaf number (No.) | K0 | 104.00±6.00b | 89.00±6.00b | 77.50±7.50a | - |
K1 | 94.50±6.50d | 93.33±2.50a | 76.00±0.00b | - | |
K2 | 112.50±2.50a | 93.75±3.50a | 64.50±6.50c | - | |
K3 | 92.00±3.00e | 93.67±4.50a | 62.33±3.00d | - | |
K4 | 97.50±3.50c | 84.00±5.00c | 60.00±4.00e | - | |
叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg·g-1) | K0 | 59.65±5.64c | 57.58±2.93c | 44.34±4.43d | - |
K1 | 54.99±2.79e | 61.61±2.30a | 46.45±3.93c | - | |
K2 | 56.48±5.11d | 60.90±3.33ab | 48.64±4.23a | - | |
K3 | 60.30±1.95b | 58.25±3.78c | 46.55±3.53b | - | |
K4 | 61.09±3.86a | 61.88±1.98a | 34.26±2.22e | - | |
鳞茎周径 Bulb circumference (cm) | K0 | 10.45±1.35c | 5.13±0.50e | 12.70±0.20bc | 14.53±0.65c |
K1 | 11.70±0.30a | 5.25±0.46d | 13.35±0.35ab | 14.90±0.10b | |
K2 | 10.25±0.05d | 5.50±0.25c | 13.57±0.70ab | 14.70±0.60b | |
K3 | 10.75±0.35b | 5.80±0.10b | 15.00±0.15a | 15.00±0.70a | |
K4 | 9.95±0.55e | 6.10±0.40a | 14.25±0.05a | 14.10±0.30cd |
图1 渥丹百合鳞茎中活性成分对钾浓度的响应不同小写字母表示处理为0.05水平差异显著。The different letters present 0.05 significant level.
Fig.1 Response of the active component to potassium concentration in the bulb of L. concolor
不同生育期 Different growth stage | 农艺性状 Agronomic traits | 活性成分Active ingredients | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
株高 Height of plant | 茎粗 Width of stem | 鳞茎周径 Bulb circumference | 叶片数 Leaf number | 叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | 多糖 Polysaccharide | 总酚 Total phenol | 总黄酮 Total flavonoid | 皂苷 Saponin | |
现蕾期Squaring stage | 0.51 | -0.16 | -0.27 | 0.05 | -0.35 | -0.74 | 0.82 | 0.73 | 0.70 |
开花期Flowering stage | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.99** | -0.30 | -0.91* | -0.58 | 0.01 | 0.83 | 0.12 |
半枯期Half dry stage | 0.90* | -0.56 | 0.83* | -0.95* | -0.56 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.90* | 0.73 |
全枯期All dry stage | 0.93* | 0.95* | -0.37 | - | - | 0.62 | -0.82 | -0.13 | -0.82 |
表3 钾浓度与渥丹百合农艺性状、活性成分的相关性
Table 3 Correlation of potassium concentration and agronomic traits, active ingredients of L. cocnolor
不同生育期 Different growth stage | 农艺性状 Agronomic traits | 活性成分Active ingredients | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
株高 Height of plant | 茎粗 Width of stem | 鳞茎周径 Bulb circumference | 叶片数 Leaf number | 叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | 多糖 Polysaccharide | 总酚 Total phenol | 总黄酮 Total flavonoid | 皂苷 Saponin | |
现蕾期Squaring stage | 0.51 | -0.16 | -0.27 | 0.05 | -0.35 | -0.74 | 0.82 | 0.73 | 0.70 |
开花期Flowering stage | 0.57 | 0.67 | 0.99** | -0.30 | -0.91* | -0.58 | 0.01 | 0.83 | 0.12 |
半枯期Half dry stage | 0.90* | -0.56 | 0.83* | -0.95* | -0.56 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.90* | 0.73 |
全枯期All dry stage | 0.93* | 0.95* | -0.37 | - | - | 0.62 | -0.82 | -0.13 | -0.82 |
不同生育期 Different growth stage | 农艺性状 Agronomic traits | 活性成分Active ingredients | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
多糖Polysaccharide | 总酚Total phenol | 总黄酮Total flavonoid | 皂苷Saponin | ||
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.06 | 0.31 | 0.82 | 0.01 |
茎粗Width of stem | 0.62 | 0.20 | 0.41 | -0.57 | |
叶片数Leaf number | -0.05 | -0.16 | -0.51 | 0.18 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.62 | 0.88* | 0.18 | 0.20 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.15 | -0.60 | -0.32 | 0.12 | |
开花期 Flowering stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.03 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.55 |
茎粗Width of stem | 0.78 | 0.66 | -0.08 | 0.17 | |
叶片数Leaf number | 0.15 | -0.06 | 0.03 | 0.84 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.33 | -0.09 | 0.11 | -0.73 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | -0.63 | -0.04 | 0.83 | 0.03 | |
半枯期 Half dry stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.89* | 0.98** | 0.98** | 0.81 |
茎粗Width of stem | -0.81 | -0.69 | -0.72 | -0.77 | |
叶片数Leaf number | -0.67 | -0.67 | -0.72 | -0.50 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.81 | -0.91* | -0.89* | -0.78 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.50 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.39 | |
全枯期 All dry stage | 株高Height of plant | -0.64 | -0.84 | -0.27 | -0.97** |
茎粗Width of stem | -0.39 | -0.63 | 0.04 | -0.76 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.27 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.56 |
表4 渥丹百合农艺性状与活性成分积累的相关性
Table 4 Correlation between agronomic traits and accumulation of active ingredients in L. concolor
不同生育期 Different growth stage | 农艺性状 Agronomic traits | 活性成分Active ingredients | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
多糖Polysaccharide | 总酚Total phenol | 总黄酮Total flavonoid | 皂苷Saponin | ||
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.06 | 0.31 | 0.82 | 0.01 |
茎粗Width of stem | 0.62 | 0.20 | 0.41 | -0.57 | |
叶片数Leaf number | -0.05 | -0.16 | -0.51 | 0.18 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.62 | 0.88* | 0.18 | 0.20 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.15 | -0.60 | -0.32 | 0.12 | |
开花期 Flowering stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.03 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 0.55 |
茎粗Width of stem | 0.78 | 0.66 | -0.08 | 0.17 | |
叶片数Leaf number | 0.15 | -0.06 | 0.03 | 0.84 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.33 | -0.09 | 0.11 | -0.73 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | -0.63 | -0.04 | 0.83 | 0.03 | |
半枯期 Half dry stage | 株高Height of plant | 0.89* | 0.98** | 0.98** | 0.81 |
茎粗Width of stem | -0.81 | -0.69 | -0.72 | -0.77 | |
叶片数Leaf number | -0.67 | -0.67 | -0.72 | -0.50 | |
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content | -0.81 | -0.91* | -0.89* | -0.78 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.50 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.39 | |
全枯期 All dry stage | 株高Height of plant | -0.64 | -0.84 | -0.27 | -0.97** |
茎粗Width of stem | -0.39 | -0.63 | 0.04 | -0.76 | |
鳞茎周径Bulb circumference | 0.27 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.56 |
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