丛枝菌根真菌和高羊茅对压实土壤的改良效应

doi:10.11686/cyxb2018221

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)在改善土壤肥力、调控根围土壤微生物群落和修复退化土壤的作用备受关注。近年来,由于城市建设与旅游业的发展,特别是城郊流动人口增加,对城郊土地产生一定土壤压实作用,进而影响城郊园林植被的生长与景观状况。为探究不同AMF和高羊茅组合对压实土壤的改良作用,设土壤不同容重1.2、1.3、1.4、1.5 g·cm^-3下,以AMF摩西斗管囊霉(Funneliformis mosseae)、根内根孢囊霉(Rhizophagus intraradices)分别单接种和共同双接种,进行温室盆栽试验。结果表明,1.5 g·cm^-3土壤容重下,共同接种F. mosseae+R. intraradices处理的土壤含水量比对照提高38%,土壤孔隙度提高9%,土壤pH下降7.6%,土壤容重下降9%;真菌增加166%,细菌增加64%,放线菌增加127%;速效钾含量增加123%,速效磷含量增加176%;土壤中蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性显著高于单接种处理和不接种对照;与不接种对照相比,蔗糖酶活性提高271%,脲酶活性提高249%,过氧化氢酶活性提高98%,多酚氧化酶活性提高268%;易提球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白含量和总球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白含量分别是不接种对照的3.4和3.8倍。结果表明,本试验条件下共同双接种F. mosseae+R. intraradices+高羊茅组合在改善土壤理化性质、根围微生物群落和养分有效性,以及提高土壤酶活性和球囊霉素含量等改良压实土壤方面的效果最大。研究结果不仅丰富了生物共生学的知识和内容,而且在改良城郊园林植被土壤中具有较大的应用潜力和价值。

关键词: 丛枝菌根真菌, 土壤压实, 土壤养分, 球囊霉素, 土壤酶活性

Abstract: The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to improve soil physical and chemical characteristics, regulate soil microorganism community and rehabilitate degraded soil were assessed. The recent development of urban construction and tourism, especially the increase in mobile suburban populations has resulted in compaction of suburban land soil resulting in negative effects on plant growth. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of AMF and Festuca elata to rehabilitate compacted soil. A greenhouse experiment was carried out with F. elata inoculated with either Funneliformis mosseae or Rhizophagus intraradices, or both, under different soil bulk densities; 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5 g·cm^-3. The results showed that inoculation with both F. mosseae+R. intraradices incresed soil water content by 38%, porosity by 9%, soil fungi by 166%, of soil bacteria by 64%, soil actinocyces by 127%, available potassium by 123%, available phosphorus by 176%, invertase activity by 271%, urease activity by 249%, catalase activity by 98% and polyphenol oxidase activity by 268%. Extractable glomalin-related soil protein content and total glomalin-related soil protein content were 3.4 and 3.8 times higher than that of the control, respectively, and reduced soil compaction and pH by 9% and 7.6% respectively compared to the control when initial soil bulk density was 1.5 g·cm^-3. It was concluded that the F. mosseae+R. intraradices+tall fescue combination had the greatest effect on improving soil physical and chemical properties, soil microbe community, nutrient availability, increasing soil enzyme activity and glomalin content; this suggests that this treatment combination has good potential improvement of suburban garden soil.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil compaction, soil nutrients, glomalin, soil enzyme activity

李文彬, 宁楚涵, 徐孟, 刘润进, 郭绍霞. 丛枝菌根真菌和高羊茅对压实土壤的改良效应[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(11): 131-141.

LI Wen-bin, NING Chu-han, XU Meng, LIU Run-jin, GUO Shao-xia. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Festuca elata can improve fertility of compacted soil[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(11): 131-141.

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