紫花苜蓿镰刀菌根腐病研究进展

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019105

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 紫花苜蓿(简称苜蓿)是我国和世界种植面积最大最重要的豆科牧草。由镰刀菌引起的根腐病(称为镰刀菌根腐病)是苜蓿生产上的主要限制因素之一,严重影响该牧草的产量和品质,导致草地衰败和利用年限缩短。镰刀菌作为一类重要的土传病原真菌,一直是苜蓿根腐病研究的热点。由于镰刀菌能在土壤中长期存活,且苜蓿为多年生牧草,导致苜蓿根腐病的防治尤为困难。从苜蓿镰刀菌根腐病的分布与危害、病原种类与生物学特性、侵染源及发病规律、镰刀菌对苜蓿的致病性及致病机理、苜蓿品种对镰刀菌的抗病性以及防治方法等方面阐述苜蓿镰刀菌根腐病的研究进展,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望,以期为苜蓿镰刀菌根腐病后续研究及其防治新方法的开发利用提供理论依据。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 根腐病, 镰刀菌, 致病性, 抗病性

Abstract: Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has the largest sown area and is the most important forage crop in China and internationally. Root rot disease caused by Fusarium spp. (Fusarium root rot) is one of the major constraints for alfalfa production, and influences the yield and quality of this crop, resulting in the decline and shortened-unitlization life of grassland. Fusarium spp., being one of the most important soil-borne fungal pathogen groups, account for much current reasearch into root rot of alfalfa. Since Fusarium spp. can survive in soil for long periods and alfalfa is a perennial forage, it is particularly difficult to control Fusarium root rot in alfalfa. Research advances in Fusarium root rot of alfalfa in relation to the distribution and damage, pathogen species and biological characteristics, infection sources and occurrence regularity, pathogenicity and pathogenicity mechanisms, cultivar resistance and control methods are summarized and discussed. Finally, future research directions are proposed. This effort should provide theoretical directions for future research as well as the development and implementation of new methods for disease control.

Key words: alfalfa, root rot, Fusarium spp., pathogenicity, disease resistance

方香玲, 张彩霞, 南志标. 紫花苜蓿镰刀菌根腐病研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2019, 28(12): 169-183.

FANG Xiang-ling, ZHANG Cai-xia, NAN Zhi-biao. Research advances in Fusarium root rot of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(12): 169-183.

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