草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 121-130.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020026
收稿日期:
2020-01-20
修回日期:
2020-03-03
出版日期:
2020-12-28
发布日期:
2020-12-28
通讯作者:
冯伟
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: fwnpw@163.com基金资助:
Bo-wen XIAO1(), Wei FENG2(), Ting-yu DUAN1
Received:
2020-01-20
Revised:
2020-03-03
Online:
2020-12-28
Published:
2020-12-28
Contact:
Wei FENG
摘要:
二月兰是重要的地被、景观和绿肥作物。通过种子、离体叶片和温室盆栽试验,对分离自二月兰种子的链格孢菌,芸薹生链格孢,细极链格孢,黑附球菌,变红镰刀菌,顶孢哈氏霉,细基格孢属等5属7种可培养真菌进行了致病性测定。结果表明,7种真菌可致二月兰种子萌发后烂种烂芽率16.50%~68.50%,其中芸薹生链格孢、顶孢哈氏霉可引致种子发芽率降低18.18%~27.27%。7种种带真菌分别引致二月兰离体叶片出现褪绿和坏死腐烂等症状,发病率100%,病斑面积8.84%~99.38%,病情指数22.50~95.00。盆栽条件下,种带真菌均可致植物出现萎蔫褪绿和坏死叶斑等症状,病株率100%,叶片发病率41.56%~79.88%,病情指数16.22~56.93。与对照(不接种带真菌)相比,种带真菌侵染二月兰植株后第9天植物丙二醛(MDA)含量增加30.40%~204.15%,过氧化物酶(POD)活性变幅为-1.81%~82.87%,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高18.78%~86.14%,叶绿素含量(SPAD值)降低13.24%~37.85%。致病性试验表明,芸薹生链格孢致病性最强,顶孢哈氏霉致病性最弱。
肖博文, 冯伟, 段廷玉. 二月兰种带真菌致病性研究[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(12): 121-130.
Bo-wen XIAO, Wei FENG, Ting-yu DUAN. Pathogenicity ofseed-borne fungi of Orychophragmus violaceus[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(12): 121-130.
图4 种带真菌处理下二月兰种子发病率、病情指数和烂种烂芽率
Fig.4 Seed disease incidence, disease index and percentage of seed and seedling rot of O. violaceus after inoculation with various seed borne fungi
图7 种带真菌处理下二月兰种子(A)、离体叶片(B)和盆栽(C)发病照片a: 对照CK; b: 链格孢菌A. alternata; c: 芸薹生链格孢A. brassicicola; d: 细极链格孢A. tenuissima; e: 黑附球菌E. nigrum; f: 变红镰刀菌F. incarnatum; g: 顶孢哈氏霉H. acremonioides; h: 细基格孢属Ulocladium sp..
Fig.7 Photos of the seeds, in vitro leaf and potted plant of O. violaceus after inoculation with various seed borne fungi
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