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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 178-189.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021128

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

复方中药对热应激条件下杂交小尾寒羊生产性能、生理参数和血液理化指标的影响

赵娟娟1(), 车大璐1, 郭玮婷2, 张伟涛3, 刘连超4, 赵俐辰1, 高玉红1(), 孙新胜5(), 李雪梅1(), 王媛6   

  1. 1.河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北 保定 071001
    2.石家庄市畜牧技术推广站,河北 石家庄 050035
    3.河北省畜牧总站,河北 石家庄 050035
    4.河北农业大学动物医学院,河北 保定 071001
    5.河北农业大学信息与技术学院,河北 保定 071001
    6.河北省肉羊产业技术研究院,河北 衡水 053000
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-07 修回日期:2021-05-17 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 高玉红,孙新胜,李雪梅
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: gyhsxs0209@126.com2002444908@sohu.commeinyli@126.com
    赵娟娟(1995-),女,河北沧州人,在读硕士。E-mail: 2980234925@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河北省重点研发计划项目(20326612D);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2021323);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205)

Effect of a Chinese medicine formula on the performance and physiological and blood biochemical parameters of hybrid Small-Tail Han sheep under heat stress

Juan-juan ZHAO1(), Da-lu CHE1, Wei-ting GUO2, Wei-tao ZHANG3, Lian-chao LIU4, Li-chen ZHAO1, Yu-hong GAO1(), Xin-sheng SUN5(), Xue-mei LI1(), Yuan WANG6   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China
    2.Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Shijiazhuang,Shijiazhuang 050035,China
    3.Animal Husbandry Station of Hebei,Shijiazhuang 050035,China
    4.College of Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China
    5.College of Information Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China
    6.Hebei Mutton Sheep Industry Technology Research Institute,Hengshui 053000,China
  • Received:2021-04-07 Revised:2021-05-17 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-03-30
  • Contact: Yu-hong GAO,Xin-sheng SUN,Xue-mei LI

摘要:

针对目前生产中绵羊遭受热应激的现状,研究了热应激条件下复方中药对杂交羊(小尾寒羊×内蒙古细毛羊)生产性能、生理参数和血液理化指标的影响。选择4味中草药(香薷、大黄、厚朴和黄芩),按3∶3∶2∶2进行组方。选择240只、体重(36.61±0.73) kg相近的育肥后期杂交绵羊,随机分为4组,各组羊分别饲喂含干物质含量的0(对照组)、0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复方中药,每组60只羊。试验期为28 d,试验期间羊舍温湿指数平均达79.68。结果表明:1)从生理指标上,日粮中添加不同剂量的中药可显著降低羊的呼吸频率(P<0.05),并提高了羊的躺卧比例,尤其是下午12:00-16:00,较对照组提高了13.38%~19.15%。2)从生产性能上,饲喂中药显著提高了羊的平均日采食量(ADFI)和平均日增重(ADG)(P<0.05),不同中药组的ADFI较对照组提高了1.05%~7.21%(P<0.05),ADG和料重比(F/G)以0.5%组效果最好,ADG较对照组提高了12.12%(P<0.05),F/G降低了14.68%(P<0.05)。3)从血液理化指标上,饲喂中药组的血清甲状腺素(T4)和皮质醇(COR)含量分别表现出增加和降低趋势(P<0.05),尤其0.5%组,T4含量较对照组提高了13.97%(P<0.05),而COR含量降低了33.15%(P<0.05)。从血清常规代谢营养指标看,各组间尿素氮(BUN)和葡萄糖(GLU)含量均表现出显著性差异(P<0.05),0.5%组GLU含量较对照组极显著提高(P<0.01),而BUN含量显著下降(P<0.05)。4)从经济效益分析,饲喂0.5%~1.5%中药可使增重效益提高了7.50%~13.91%,0.5%组净收益最高(4.85元·d-1·只-1)。可见,该复方中药可以有效缓解杂交小尾寒羊的热应激,添加日粮干物质的0.5%最佳。

关键词: 中药, 热应激, 育肥羊, 生产性能, 生理指标, 血液理化指标

Abstract:

Fattening sheep often suffer from heat stress. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a traditional Chinese medicine formula on the production performance, physiological parameters, and blood biochemical parameters of hybrid sheep (Small-Tail Han sheep×Inner Mongolian Fine Wool sheep) under heat stress. Four Chinese herbal medicines: Elsholtzia ciliataRheum palmatumMagnolia officinalis, and Scutellaria baicalensis, were mixed at a ratio of 3∶3∶2∶2. The experiment included 240 hybrid late-sheep (average weight, 36.6±0.73 kg), which were randomly assigned to four groups: the control (no formula) and three formula-fed groups (diets containing 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% of the formula on a dry matter basis). Each treatment group consisted of 60 sheep. The experiment lasted for 28 days, during which the temperature and humidity index in the shed averaged 79.68. The main results were as follows: 1) Compared with the control group, the formula-fed groups showed a significantly lower respiratory rate (P<0.05) and more time lying, particularly in the period from 12:00 to 16:00. The proportion of time lying was 13.38% to 19.15% higher in the formula-fed groups than in the control group. 2) In terms of production performance, the average daily feed intake was 1.05% to 7.21% higher in the three formula-fed groups than in the control (P<0.05), and the average daily gain (ADG) was also significantly higher in the formula-fed groups than in the control (P<0.05). Among the three formula-fed groups, the 0.5% formula group showed the highest ADG (12.12% higher than that of the control) and lowest feed-to-weight ratio (F/G) (14.68% lower than that of the control) (P<0.05). 3) The sheep in the formula-fed groups showed increased thyroxine (T4) levels and decreased cortisol (COR) levels, compared with those in the control (P<0.05). In the 0.5% formula group, the T4 concentration was 13.97% higher than that in the control (P<0.05), and the COR concentration was 33.15% lower than that in the control (P<0.05). There were significant differences (P<0.05) in urea nitrogen (BUN) and glucose (GLU) concentrations in serum between all the groups. Compared with the control group, the 0.5% formula group showed higher GLU (P<0.01) and lower BUN (P<0.05) concentrations in serum. 4) An economic benefit analysis showed that the benefit from weight gain increased by 7.50% to 13.91% as the dietary intake of the formula increased from 0.5% to 1.5%, and the largest net benefit was in the 0.5% formula group (4.85 yuan·d-1·sheep-1). In summary, this Chinese medicine formula effectively alleviated heat stress in hybrid Small-Tail Han sheep, and its inclusion at 0.5% of the diet had the best results.

Key words: traditional Chinese medicine, heat stress, fattening sheep, body weight gain, biochemical parameter, blood biochemical parameter