草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 1-14.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022142
• 研究论文 •
胡宇霞(), 龚吉蕊(), 朱趁趁, 矢佳昱, 张子荷, 宋靓苑, 张魏圆
收稿日期:
2022-03-31
修回日期:
2022-05-18
出版日期:
2023-04-20
发布日期:
2023-01-29
通讯作者:
龚吉蕊
作者简介:
E-mail: jrgong@bnu.edu.cn基金资助:
Yu-xia HU(), Ji-rui GONG(), Chen-chen ZHU, Jia-yu SHI, Zi-he ZHANG, Liang-yuan SONG, Wei-yuan ZHANG
Received:
2022-03-31
Revised:
2022-05-18
Online:
2023-04-20
Published:
2023-01-29
Contact:
Ji-rui GONG
摘要:
生态系统服务在维持生态安全、可持续发展和人类福祉方面发挥着重要作用。本研究以内蒙古荒漠草原为研究区,分别对2000、2017年水源涵养、土壤保持、生境质量、游憩潜力进行定量评估,分析其时空分布特征,探讨服务间的权衡/协同关系,并识别不同服务簇的主导服务类型和空间格局。结果表明:从2000-2017年,各项生态系统服务的空间异质性显著,水源涵养服务的高值区域主要集中在东南部和西南部,土壤保持高值位于西南部,生境质量和游憩潜力的分布都较随机。各项生态系统服务主要呈现降低趋势;大部分服务对间表现为协同关系,而土壤保持和生境质量服务对表现为权衡关系,服务对间的相关性程度有所降低;生态系统服务簇分为土壤保持、人居环境、水源涵养三个功能区,具有明显的空间异质性。土壤保持区,主要土地利用类型为未利用地,未来的管理要限制放牧数量,通过改变地表植被覆盖来影响土壤可侵蚀性。人居环境区,草地覆盖度高,为人类活动提供优良场所,促进生态旅游等多产业协同发展。水源涵养区,土地利用类型主要为中覆盖度草地和低覆盖度草地,未来管理以蓄水保水为主,坚持生态优先,实现该区域生态可持续发展。
胡宇霞, 龚吉蕊, 朱趁趁, 矢佳昱, 张子荷, 宋靓苑, 张魏圆. 基于生态系统服务簇的内蒙古荒漠草原生态系统服务的空间分布特征[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(4): 1-14.
Yu-xia HU, Ji-rui GONG, Chen-chen ZHU, Jia-yu SHI, Zi-he ZHANG, Liang-yuan SONG, Wei-yuan ZHANG. Spatial distribution of ecosystem services in the desert steppe, Inner Mongolia based on ecosystem service bundles[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(4): 1-14.
图1 研究区地理位置基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS(2019)1822 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.1 Location of the study area
参数Parameter | 分类Classification | 得分Score | 描述Describe |
---|---|---|---|
地形糙度指数 Terrain roughness index ( | 水平 Level | 1 | 采用Riley等 |
近水平 Near horizontal | 2 | ||
稍微粗糙Slightly rough | 3 | ||
中度粗糙Moderately rough | 4 | ||
适度粗糙Modest rough | 5 | ||
高度粗糙Highly rough | 6 | ||
极度粗糙Extremely rough | 7 | ||
水体面积 Water area ( | 无 none | 0 | 参照Swetnam等 |
0~1000 | 1 | ||
1000~2500 | 2 | ||
2500~5000 | 3 | ||
5000~10000 | 4 | ||
>10000 | 5 | ||
土地覆盖类型 Land use type ( | 未利用地Unused land | 0 | 参考Swetnam等 |
居民点Settlement | 1 | ||
农田Cropland | 2 | ||
水体Water | 3 | ||
草地Grassland | 4 | ||
灌木Shrub | 5 | ||
景区级别 Scenic level ( | 无景区No scenic spots | 0 | 具有景区的地区具有较高的游憩潜力,且认为景区级别越高,游憩潜力越大。Areas with scenic spots have higher recreational potential, and it is believed that the higher the level of scenic spots, the greater the recreational potential. |
1A | 1 | ||
2A | 2 | ||
3A | 3 | ||
4A | 4 | ||
与道路的距离 Distance from road ( | >10 km | 1 | 参照Paracchini等 |
5~10 km | 2 | ||
1~5 km | 3 | ||
<1 km | 4 |
表 1 视觉质量指数各参数分类方案
Table 1 Classification scheme of each parameter of visual quality index
参数Parameter | 分类Classification | 得分Score | 描述Describe |
---|---|---|---|
地形糙度指数 Terrain roughness index ( | 水平 Level | 1 | 采用Riley等 |
近水平 Near horizontal | 2 | ||
稍微粗糙Slightly rough | 3 | ||
中度粗糙Moderately rough | 4 | ||
适度粗糙Modest rough | 5 | ||
高度粗糙Highly rough | 6 | ||
极度粗糙Extremely rough | 7 | ||
水体面积 Water area ( | 无 none | 0 | 参照Swetnam等 |
0~1000 | 1 | ||
1000~2500 | 2 | ||
2500~5000 | 3 | ||
5000~10000 | 4 | ||
>10000 | 5 | ||
土地覆盖类型 Land use type ( | 未利用地Unused land | 0 | 参考Swetnam等 |
居民点Settlement | 1 | ||
农田Cropland | 2 | ||
水体Water | 3 | ||
草地Grassland | 4 | ||
灌木Shrub | 5 | ||
景区级别 Scenic level ( | 无景区No scenic spots | 0 | 具有景区的地区具有较高的游憩潜力,且认为景区级别越高,游憩潜力越大。Areas with scenic spots have higher recreational potential, and it is believed that the higher the level of scenic spots, the greater the recreational potential. |
1A | 1 | ||
2A | 2 | ||
3A | 3 | ||
4A | 4 | ||
与道路的距离 Distance from road ( | >10 km | 1 | 参照Paracchini等 |
5~10 km | 2 | ||
1~5 km | 3 | ||
<1 km | 4 |
年份 Year | 水源涵养 Water conservation (WC, mm) | 土壤保持 Soil conservation (SC, t·hm-2) | 生境质量 Habitat quality (HQ) | 游憩潜力 Recreation potential (RP) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 0.80 | 11.68 | 0.66 | 0.26 |
2017 | 0.67 | 7.30 | 0.59 | 0.24 |
表2 2000、2017年荒漠草原各项生态系统服务均值
Table 2 Mean value of various ecosystem services in desert steppe in 2000 and 2017
年份 Year | 水源涵养 Water conservation (WC, mm) | 土壤保持 Soil conservation (SC, t·hm-2) | 生境质量 Habitat quality (HQ) | 游憩潜力 Recreation potential (RP) |
---|---|---|---|---|
2000 | 0.80 | 11.68 | 0.66 | 0.26 |
2017 | 0.67 | 7.30 | 0.59 | 0.24 |
项目 Item | 供给服务 Providing services (水源涵养WC) | 调节服务 Regulating services (土壤保持SC) | 支持服务 Supporting services (生境质量HQ) |
---|---|---|---|
土壤保持SC | 0.089*** | ||
生境质量HQ | 0.273*** | -0.188*** | |
游憩潜力RP | 0.144*** | 0.253*** | 0.331*** |
表3 2000年荒漠草原生态系统服务Spearman相关系数
Table 3 Spearman correlation coefficients between ecosystem services of desert steppe in 2000
项目 Item | 供给服务 Providing services (水源涵养WC) | 调节服务 Regulating services (土壤保持SC) | 支持服务 Supporting services (生境质量HQ) |
---|---|---|---|
土壤保持SC | 0.089*** | ||
生境质量HQ | 0.273*** | -0.188*** | |
游憩潜力RP | 0.144*** | 0.253*** | 0.331*** |
项目 Item | 供给服务 Providing services (水源涵养WC) | 调节服务 Regulating services (土壤保持SC) | 支持服务 Supporting services (生境质量HQ) |
---|---|---|---|
土壤保持SC | 0.029*** | ||
生境质量HQ | 0.102*** | -0.135*** | |
游憩潜力RP | 0.133*** | 0.232*** | 0.279*** |
表 4 2017年荒漠草原生态系统服务Spearman相关系数
Table 4 Spearman correlation coefficients between ecosystem services of desert steppe in 2017
项目 Item | 供给服务 Providing services (水源涵养WC) | 调节服务 Regulating services (土壤保持SC) | 支持服务 Supporting services (生境质量HQ) |
---|---|---|---|
土壤保持SC | 0.029*** | ||
生境质量HQ | 0.102*** | -0.135*** | |
游憩潜力RP | 0.133*** | 0.232*** | 0.279*** |
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