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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 143-154.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025110

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田杂草发生种类及群落特征分析

周诗杰1(), 王义莲1, 孙攀1, 尚静1,2, 杨文钰1,2, 王学贵1(), 杨继芝1,2()   

  1. 1.四川农业大学农学院,四川 成都 611130
    2.四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心,四川 成都 611130
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-27 修回日期:2025-04-21 出版日期:2026-02-20 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 王学贵,杨继芝
  • 作者简介:yangjz72@sicau.edu.cn
    Corresponding author. E-mail: wangxuegui@sicau.edu.cn
    周诗杰(2001-),男,重庆南岸人,在读硕士。E-mail: David2655381937@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    大豆玉米带状复合种植绿色防控技术研究与集成示范(2023YFN0018);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川省创新团队项目(sccxtd-2025-20)

Analysis of weed species and community characteristics in soybean-maize fields with a banded compound planting pattern in Sichuan Province

Shi-jie ZHOU1(), Yi-lian WANG1, Pan SUN1, Jing SHANG1,2, Wen-yu YANG1,2, Xue-gui WANG1(), Ji-zhi YANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China
    2.Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System,Chengdu 611130,China
  • Received:2025-03-27 Revised:2025-04-21 Online:2026-02-20 Published:2025-12-24
  • Contact: Xue-gui WANG,Ji-zhi YANG

摘要:

为明确四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田杂草发生规律,于2023-2024年采用倒置“W”9点取样法对四川省13市29个乡镇田间杂草进行了调查,计算各地区杂草相对优势度(relative abundance)以明确优势杂草,然后计算优势度指数(Berger Parker index)、丰富度指数(Margalef index)、香农指数(Shannon Wiener index)、辛普森指数(Simpson index)以分析群落特征,最后采用索雷申(Sorensen)群落相似性系数来衡量群落相似程度。结果表明:四川省玉米大豆带状复合种植田共有杂草40科,114种,其中优势杂草8种,区域性优势杂草11种,常见杂草27种,一般杂草68种。2024年,川西南地区杂草优势度指数最高,Berger Parker指数为5.84,Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou指数均低于其他地区,优势杂草为马唐、空心莲子草、鸭跖草、羽叶蓼,相对优势度分别为25.92、18.11、13.48、10.00;川东地区杂草优势度仅次于川西南地区,优势杂草为稗草、马唐、空心莲子草,相对优势度分别为35.65、11.82、11.76;川西地区Simpson指数、Shannon Wiener指数、Pielou指数均高于其他地区,优势杂草为马唐、荩草、稗草、空心莲子草,相对优势度分别为33.46、33.41、7.61、6.68;川中地区优势杂草为马唐、荩草、打碗花、香附子,相对优势度分别为36.16、14.20、7.95、7.11。由索雷申群落相似性系数得出,不同地区杂草群落结构差异大,相似性指数均在0.5~0.6。因此,马唐、荩草、空心莲子草和稗草是四川玉米大豆带状复合种植不同区域的优势杂草,该研究结果为科学选择防控药剂提供了理论依据。

关键词: 杂草群落特征, 物种多样性, 相对优势度, Berger Parker指数, 玉米大豆带状复合种植

Abstract:

In order to clarify the current situation of weeds in soybean (Glycine max)-maize (Zea mays) banded compound planting pattern fields in Sichuan Province, the occurrence of the weeds was investigated from 2023 to 2024 in 29 towns of 13 cities in Sichuan Province using an inverted W-shaped nine-point sampling method, and the relative abundance of weeds in each region was calculated to determine the dominant species. This was followed by analysis of community characteristics using the Berger-Parker index, Margalef index, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, and Sorensen similarity coefficient to assess community structural similarities. soybean-maize In 2024, The highest dominance index of weeds was found in the southwestern Sichuan region, with a Berger-Parker index of 5.84, while the Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index were lower than those for weeds in other regions, and where the dominant weeds were Digitaria sanguinalisAlternanthera philoxeroidesCommelina communis and Persicaria runcinata with relative dominance values of 25.92, 18.11, 13.48 and 10.00, respectively. The second-highest weed dominance was found in the eastern Sichuan region where Echinochloa crus-galliD. sanguinalis and A. philoxeroides were the dominant weeds, with relative dominance values of 35.65, 11.82 and 11.76, respectively. The Simpson index, Shannon Wiener index, and Pielou index in the western Sichuan region were higher than those in other regions, and the dominant weeds in this region were D. sanguinalisArthraxon hispidusE. crus-galli and A. philoxeroides, with relative dominance values of 33.46, 33.41, 7.61 and 6.68, respectively. The dominant weeds in the central Sichuan region were D. sanguinalisA. hispidusCalystegia hederacea and Cyperus rotundus, with relative dominance values of 36.16, 14.20, 7.95 and 7.11, respectively. The Sorensen similarity coefficient analysis revealed significant structural differences in weed communities among different regions, with similarity indices ranging between 0.5 and 0.6. From this analysis, D. sanguinalisA. hispidusA. philoxeroides and E. crus-galli emerge across different regions of Sichuan as the dominant weed species in soybean-maize fields sown with a banded compound planting pattern. The findings provide a theoretical basis for the scientific selection of targeted control agents and optimization of weed management strategies.

Key words: weed community characteristics, species diversity, relative dominance, Berger-Parker index, soybean-corn banded compound planting