草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 198-210.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025382
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
张琪琳(
), 王小军, 李晶, 程重庆, 梁国玲, 刘文辉, 琚泽亮, 贾志锋, 马祥, 李文(
)
收稿日期:2025-09-23
修回日期:2025-11-10
出版日期:2026-09-20
发布日期:2026-07-27
通讯作者:
李文
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: lw@qhu.edu.cn基金资助:
Qi-lin ZHANG(
), Xiao-jun WANG, Jing LI, Chong-qing CHENG, Guo-ling LIANG, Wen-hui LIU, Ze-liang JU, Zhi-feng JIA, Xiang MA, Wen LI(
)
Received:2025-09-23
Revised:2025-11-10
Online:2026-09-20
Published:2026-07-27
Contact:
Wen LI
摘要:
针对环青海湖地区人工草地生产力低下、饲草品质不佳的问题,为提升该地区饲草生产的产量与品质,本研究开展‘青燕4号’燕麦分别与‘青建1号’饲用豌豆、箭筈豌豆及‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源按不同比例混播的试验。分析不同混播组配处理对饲草农艺性状、营养组分、相对饲喂价值及经济效益的影响,以筛选出适宜环青海湖地区饲草生产的最佳混播组配。结果表明:在同一混播比例下,‘青燕4号’与‘A-61’混播饲草整体表现优于其他混播组合;在同一混播组合下,饲草总干草产量与净收益随‘青燕4号’比例增多整体呈上升趋势,而粗蛋白含量则随‘青燕4号’比例的增加呈下降趋势;其中,饲草总干草产量和净收益在‘青燕4号’与‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源按4∶6混播处理下最高,分别为11458.7 kg·hm-2和6316.5元·hm-2;饲草粗蛋白含量在‘青燕4号’与‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源按1∶9混播处理下显著最高(P<0.05),为21.0%。结构方程模型表明,混播组合、混播比例及其交互作用主要通过影响豆科产量对饲草营养品质产生间接影响。灰色关联分析综合评价表明,‘青燕4号’与‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源按4∶6混播是高产、优质与高效益的最佳混播组配,可在环青海湖地区推广应用于高产优质饲草生产。
张琪琳, 王小军, 李晶, 程重庆, 梁国玲, 刘文辉, 琚泽亮, 贾志锋, 马祥, 李文. 环青海湖地区燕麦与一年生豆科牧草混播组配研究[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(9): 198-210.
Qi-lin ZHANG, Xiao-jun WANG, Jing LI, Chong-qing CHENG, Guo-ling LIANG, Wen-hui LIU, Ze-liang JU, Zhi-feng JIA, Xiang MA, Wen LI. Mixed sowing with different combinations of oat and annual leguminous forages in the Qinghai Lake area[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(9): 198-210.
燕麦与豆科牧草种子质量比 Seed mass ratio of oat and legumes | M1 | M2 | M3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘青燕4号’燕麦 A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | ‘青建1号’饲用豌豆P. sativum ‘Qingjian No.1’ | ‘青燕4号’燕麦 A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | 箭筈豌豆 V. sativa | ‘青燕4号’燕麦A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | ‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源P. sativum resource ‘A-61’ | |
| 10∶0 (燕麦单播Oat unicast, O) | 225.00 | 0.00 | 225.00 | 0.00 | 225.00 | 0.00 |
| 0∶10 (豆科单播Legumes unicast, P) | 0.00 | 112.00 | 0.00 | 120.00 | 0.00 | 112.00 |
| 1∶9 (R1) | 22.50 | 100.80 | 22.50 | 108.00 | 22.50 | 100.80 |
| 2∶8 (R2) | 45.00 | 89.60 | 45.00 | 96.00 | 45.00 | 89.60 |
| 3∶7 (R3) | 67.50 | 78.40 | 67.50 | 84.00 | 67.50 | 78.40 |
| 4∶6 (R4) | 90.00 | 67.20 | 90.00 | 72.00 | 90.00 | 67.20 |
| 5∶5 (R5) | 112.50 | 56.00 | 112.50 | 60.00 | 112.50 | 56.00 |
| 6∶4 (R6) | 135.00 | 44.80 | 135.00 | 48.00 | 135.00 | 44.80 |
| 7∶3 (R7) | 157.50 | 33.60 | 157.50 | 36.00 | 157.50 | 33.60 |
| 8∶2 (R8) | 180.00 | 22.40 | 180.00 | 24.00 | 180.00 | 22.40 |
| 9∶1 (R9) | 202.50 | 11.20 | 202.50 | 12.00 | 202.50 | 11.20 |
表1 各混播处理理论播种量
Table 1 Theoretical seeding rate of each mixed sowing treatment (kg·hm-2)
燕麦与豆科牧草种子质量比 Seed mass ratio of oat and legumes | M1 | M2 | M3 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
‘青燕4号’燕麦 A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | ‘青建1号’饲用豌豆P. sativum ‘Qingjian No.1’ | ‘青燕4号’燕麦 A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | 箭筈豌豆 V. sativa | ‘青燕4号’燕麦A. sativa ‘Qingyan No.4’ | ‘A-61’饲用豌豆资源P. sativum resource ‘A-61’ | |
| 10∶0 (燕麦单播Oat unicast, O) | 225.00 | 0.00 | 225.00 | 0.00 | 225.00 | 0.00 |
| 0∶10 (豆科单播Legumes unicast, P) | 0.00 | 112.00 | 0.00 | 120.00 | 0.00 | 112.00 |
| 1∶9 (R1) | 22.50 | 100.80 | 22.50 | 108.00 | 22.50 | 100.80 |
| 2∶8 (R2) | 45.00 | 89.60 | 45.00 | 96.00 | 45.00 | 89.60 |
| 3∶7 (R3) | 67.50 | 78.40 | 67.50 | 84.00 | 67.50 | 78.40 |
| 4∶6 (R4) | 90.00 | 67.20 | 90.00 | 72.00 | 90.00 | 67.20 |
| 5∶5 (R5) | 112.50 | 56.00 | 112.50 | 60.00 | 112.50 | 56.00 |
| 6∶4 (R6) | 135.00 | 44.80 | 135.00 | 48.00 | 135.00 | 44.80 |
| 7∶3 (R7) | 157.50 | 33.60 | 157.50 | 36.00 | 157.50 | 33.60 |
| 8∶2 (R8) | 180.00 | 22.40 | 180.00 | 24.00 | 180.00 | 22.40 |
| 9∶1 (R9) | 202.50 | 11.20 | 202.50 | 12.00 | 202.50 | 11.20 |
项目 Item | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P | 项目 Item | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
燕麦株高 Oat plant height | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 豆科牧草产量Leguminous forage yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.04 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.23 | ||
豆科牧草株高 Leguminous forage plant height | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 总产量 Total yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.04 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.68 | ||
燕麦分蘖数 Number of tillers of oat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.01 | 燕麦茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of oat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.46 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
| 豆科牧草分枝数Branch number of leguminous forage | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 豆科牧草茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of leguminous forage | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.10 | ||
燕麦产量 Oat yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.22 | 群落茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of community | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.13 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.38 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.74 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.02 |
表2 混播组合、混播比例及其交互作用对饲草农艺性状影响的双因素方差分析
Table 2 Two-way analysis of variance of the effects of mixed sowing combination, mixture ratio and their interaction on agronomic traits of forage
项目 Item | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P | 项目 Item | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
燕麦株高 Oat plant height | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 豆科牧草产量Leguminous forage yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.04 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.23 | ||
豆科牧草株高 Leguminous forage plant height | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 总产量 Total yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.04 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.68 | ||
燕麦分蘖数 Number of tillers of oat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.01 | 燕麦茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of oat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.46 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
| 豆科牧草分枝数Branch number of leguminous forage | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 豆科牧草茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of leguminous forage | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.10 | ||
燕麦产量 Oat yield | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.22 | 群落茎叶比Stem-leaf ratio of community | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.13 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.38 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.74 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.02 |
图1 不同混播组配处理下饲草的农艺性状特征不同大写字母表示同一混播组合不同混播比例之间差异显著(P<0.05),不同小写字母表示所有处理之间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。Different capital letters indicate that significant differences among different mixture ratios of the same mixed sowing combination (P<0.05), and different lowercase letters indicate significant differences among all treatments (P<0.05), the same below.
Fig.1 Agronomic traits characteristics of forage under different mixed sowing treatments
营养品质 Nutritional quality | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P | 营养品质 Nutritional quality | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白 Crude protein | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
粗脂肪 Crude fat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.04 | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.97 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.48 | 相对饲喂价值 Relative feed value | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 1.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 |
表3 混播组合、混播比例及其交互作用对饲草营养品质的双因素方差分析
Table 3 Two-way analysis of variance of the effects of mixed sowing combination, mixture ratio and their interaction on nutritional quality of forage
营养品质 Nutritional quality | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P | 营养品质 Nutritional quality | 因素 Factor | 自由度 Degrees of freedom | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白 Crude protein | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 | 酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
粗脂肪 Crude fat | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.04 | 中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.97 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 | ||
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.48 | 相对饲喂价值 Relative feed value | 混播组合Mixed sowing combination | 2 | 0.00 |
| 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | 混播比例Mixture ratio | 10 | 0.00 | ||
| 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 1.00 | 组合×比例Combination×ratio | 20 | 0.00 |
处理 Treatment | 干草产量 Hay yield (kg·hm-2) | 干草价格 Hay price (CNY·kg-1) | 成本 Cost (CNY·hm-2) | 总收益 Total profit (CNY·hm-2) | 净收益 Net profit (CNY·hm-2) | 排序 Sort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 燕麦Oat | 豆科Legumes | 燕麦Oat | 豆科Legumes | 种子Seeds | 其他Other | 合计Total | ||||
| M1O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M1P | 0.0 | 7294.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1568.0 | 8145.0 | 9713.0 | 11670.4 | 1957.4 | 24 |
| M1R1 | 3507.3 | 3839.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1501.2 | 8145.0 | 9646.2 | 10702.5 | 1056.3 | 32 |
| M1R2 | 4642.8 | 3072.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1434.4 | 8145.0 | 9579.4 | 10950.8 | 1371.4 | 31 |
| M1R3 | 6586.0 | 1587.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1367.6 | 8145.0 | 9512.6 | 11101.5 | 1588.9 | 28 |
| M1R4 | 8057.3 | 1987.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1300.8 | 8145.0 | 9445.8 | 13654.3 | 4208.5 | 3 |
| M1R5 | 7320.0 | 1331.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1234.0 | 8145.0 | 9379.0 | 11646.1 | 2267.1 | 19 |
| M1R6 | 7200.0 | 962.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1167.2 | 8145.0 | 9312.2 | 10900.3 | 1588.1 | 29 |
| M1R7 | 7654.7 | 890.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1100.4 | 8145.0 | 9245.4 | 11375.1 | 2129.7 | 23 |
| M1R8 | 8496.0 | 477.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1033.6 | 8145.0 | 9178.6 | 11809.1 | 2630.5 | 11 |
| M1R9 | 8478.7 | 204.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 966.8 | 8145.0 | 9111.8 | 11349.7 | 2237.9 | 20 |
| M2O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M2P | 0.0 | 6225.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1200.0 | 8145.0 | 9345.0 | 9960.5 | 615.5 | 33 |
| M2R1 | 5664.7 | 3557.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1170.0 | 8145.0 | 9315.0 | 13055.8 | 3740.8 | 6 |
| M2R2 | 5534.0 | 2426.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1140.0 | 8145.0 | 9285.0 | 11076.9 | 1791.9 | 26 |
| M2R3 | 6417.3 | 1648.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1110.0 | 8145.0 | 9255.0 | 10979.3 | 1724.3 | 27 |
| M2R4 | 7143.0 | 1431.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1080.0 | 8145.0 | 9225.0 | 11576.0 | 2351.0 | 17 |
| M2R5 | 7839.6 | 992.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1050.0 | 8145.0 | 9195.0 | 11779.7 | 2584.7 | 15 |
| M2R6 | 7436.0 | 544.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1020.0 | 8145.0 | 9165.0 | 10537.2 | 1372.2 | 30 |
| M2R7 | 8492.7 | 606.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 990.0 | 8145.0 | 9135.0 | 12010.1 | 2875.1 | 8 |
| M2R8 | 8384.0 | 318.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 960.0 | 8145.0 | 9105.0 | 11408.0 | 2303.0 | 18 |
| M2R9 | 9683.3 | 180.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 930.0 | 8145.0 | 9075.0 | 12877.4 | 3802.4 | 5 |
| M3O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M3P | 0.0 | 7820.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1568.0 | 8145.0 | 9713.0 | 12512.0 | 2799.0 | 9 |
| M3R1 | 3692.0 | 4406.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1501.2 | 8145.0 | 9646.2 | 11849.2 | 2203.0 | 22 |
| M3R2 | 4254.7 | 3734.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1434.4 | 8145.0 | 9579.4 | 11505.5 | 1926.1 | 25 |
| M3R3 | 6527.3 | 2166.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1367.6 | 8145.0 | 9512.6 | 11952.2 | 2439.6 | 16 |
| M3R4 | 8572.0 | 2886.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1300.8 | 8145.0 | 9445.8 | 15762.3 | 6316.5 | 1 |
| M3R5 | 7486.7 | 1162.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1234.0 | 8145.0 | 9379.0 | 11591.9 | 2212.9 | 21 |
| M3R6 | 7862.7 | 1117.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1167.2 | 8145.0 | 9312.2 | 12009.2 | 2697.0 | 10 |
| M3R7 | 9062.0 | 1066.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1100.4 | 8145.0 | 9245.4 | 13486.2 | 4240.8 | 2 |
| M3R8 | 9042.7 | 344.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1033.6 | 8145.0 | 9178.6 | 12305.9 | 3127.3 | 7 |
| M3R9 | 9506.0 | 370.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 966.8 | 8145.0 | 9111.8 | 12950.9 | 3839.1 | 4 |
表4 不同混播组配处理下饲草经济效益特征
Table 4 Economic benefit characteristics of forage under different mixed sowing treatments
处理 Treatment | 干草产量 Hay yield (kg·hm-2) | 干草价格 Hay price (CNY·kg-1) | 成本 Cost (CNY·hm-2) | 总收益 Total profit (CNY·hm-2) | 净收益 Net profit (CNY·hm-2) | 排序 Sort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 燕麦Oat | 豆科Legumes | 燕麦Oat | 豆科Legumes | 种子Seeds | 其他Other | 合计Total | ||||
| M1O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M1P | 0.0 | 7294.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1568.0 | 8145.0 | 9713.0 | 11670.4 | 1957.4 | 24 |
| M1R1 | 3507.3 | 3839.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1501.2 | 8145.0 | 9646.2 | 10702.5 | 1056.3 | 32 |
| M1R2 | 4642.8 | 3072.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1434.4 | 8145.0 | 9579.4 | 10950.8 | 1371.4 | 31 |
| M1R3 | 6586.0 | 1587.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1367.6 | 8145.0 | 9512.6 | 11101.5 | 1588.9 | 28 |
| M1R4 | 8057.3 | 1987.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1300.8 | 8145.0 | 9445.8 | 13654.3 | 4208.5 | 3 |
| M1R5 | 7320.0 | 1331.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1234.0 | 8145.0 | 9379.0 | 11646.1 | 2267.1 | 19 |
| M1R6 | 7200.0 | 962.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1167.2 | 8145.0 | 9312.2 | 10900.3 | 1588.1 | 29 |
| M1R7 | 7654.7 | 890.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1100.4 | 8145.0 | 9245.4 | 11375.1 | 2129.7 | 23 |
| M1R8 | 8496.0 | 477.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1033.6 | 8145.0 | 9178.6 | 11809.1 | 2630.5 | 11 |
| M1R9 | 8478.7 | 204.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 966.8 | 8145.0 | 9111.8 | 11349.7 | 2237.9 | 20 |
| M2O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M2P | 0.0 | 6225.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1200.0 | 8145.0 | 9345.0 | 9960.5 | 615.5 | 33 |
| M2R1 | 5664.7 | 3557.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1170.0 | 8145.0 | 9315.0 | 13055.8 | 3740.8 | 6 |
| M2R2 | 5534.0 | 2426.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1140.0 | 8145.0 | 9285.0 | 11076.9 | 1791.9 | 26 |
| M2R3 | 6417.3 | 1648.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1110.0 | 8145.0 | 9255.0 | 10979.3 | 1724.3 | 27 |
| M2R4 | 7143.0 | 1431.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1080.0 | 8145.0 | 9225.0 | 11576.0 | 2351.0 | 17 |
| M2R5 | 7839.6 | 992.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1050.0 | 8145.0 | 9195.0 | 11779.7 | 2584.7 | 15 |
| M2R6 | 7436.0 | 544.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1020.0 | 8145.0 | 9165.0 | 10537.2 | 1372.2 | 30 |
| M2R7 | 8492.7 | 606.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 990.0 | 8145.0 | 9135.0 | 12010.1 | 2875.1 | 8 |
| M2R8 | 8384.0 | 318.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 960.0 | 8145.0 | 9105.0 | 11408.0 | 2303.0 | 18 |
| M2R9 | 9683.3 | 180.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 930.0 | 8145.0 | 9075.0 | 12877.4 | 3802.4 | 5 |
| M3O | 8958.7 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 900.0 | 8145.0 | 9045.0 | 11646.3 | 2601.3 | 12 |
| M3P | 0.0 | 7820.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1568.0 | 8145.0 | 9713.0 | 12512.0 | 2799.0 | 9 |
| M3R1 | 3692.0 | 4406.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1501.2 | 8145.0 | 9646.2 | 11849.2 | 2203.0 | 22 |
| M3R2 | 4254.7 | 3734.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1434.4 | 8145.0 | 9579.4 | 11505.5 | 1926.1 | 25 |
| M3R3 | 6527.3 | 2166.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1367.6 | 8145.0 | 9512.6 | 11952.2 | 2439.6 | 16 |
| M3R4 | 8572.0 | 2886.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1300.8 | 8145.0 | 9445.8 | 15762.3 | 6316.5 | 1 |
| M3R5 | 7486.7 | 1162.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1234.0 | 8145.0 | 9379.0 | 11591.9 | 2212.9 | 21 |
| M3R6 | 7862.7 | 1117.3 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1167.2 | 8145.0 | 9312.2 | 12009.2 | 2697.0 | 10 |
| M3R7 | 9062.0 | 1066.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1100.4 | 8145.0 | 9245.4 | 13486.2 | 4240.8 | 2 |
| M3R8 | 9042.7 | 344.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1033.6 | 8145.0 | 9178.6 | 12305.9 | 3127.3 | 7 |
| M3R9 | 9506.0 | 370.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 966.8 | 8145.0 | 9111.8 | 12950.9 | 3839.1 | 4 |
处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1O | 0.5430 | 18 | M1R8 | 0.5480 | 16 | M2R6 | 0.4926 | 30 | M3R4 | 0.6684 | 1 |
| M1P | 0.5210 | 23 | M1R9 | 0.5559 | 11 | M2R7 | 0.5170 | 25 | M3R5 | 0.5446 | 17 |
| M1R1 | 0.5773 | 7 | M2O | 0.5430 | 18 | M2R8 | 0.5641 | 10 | M3R6 | 0.5551 | 12 |
| M1R2 | 0.5345 | 20 | M2P | 0.5035 | 28 | M2R9 | 0.5664 | 9 | M3R7 | 0.5830 | 5 |
| M1R3 | 0.5265 | 21 | M2R1 | 0.5545 | 13 | M3O | 0.5430 | 18 | M3R8 | 0.5242 | 22 |
| M1R4 | 0.5817 | 6 | M2R2 | 0.5349 | 19 | M3P | 0.5508 | 15 | M3R9 | 0.6128 | 3 |
| M1R5 | 0.5205 | 24 | M2R3 | 0.5147 | 27 | M3R1 | 0.6427 | 2 | |||
| M1R6 | 0.4900 | 31 | M2R4 | 0.5527 | 14 | M3R2 | 0.5968 | 4 | |||
| M1R7 | 0.5160 | 26 | M2R5 | 0.5024 | 29 | M3R3 | 0.5711 | 8 |
表5 不同混播组配处理下饲草农艺性状、营养组分及净收益综合评价
Table 5 Comprehensive evaluation of forage of agronomic traits, nutritional components and net profit under different mixed sowing treatments
处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort | 处理 Treatment | 关联度 Correlation degree | 排序 Sort |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M1O | 0.5430 | 18 | M1R8 | 0.5480 | 16 | M2R6 | 0.4926 | 30 | M3R4 | 0.6684 | 1 |
| M1P | 0.5210 | 23 | M1R9 | 0.5559 | 11 | M2R7 | 0.5170 | 25 | M3R5 | 0.5446 | 17 |
| M1R1 | 0.5773 | 7 | M2O | 0.5430 | 18 | M2R8 | 0.5641 | 10 | M3R6 | 0.5551 | 12 |
| M1R2 | 0.5345 | 20 | M2P | 0.5035 | 28 | M2R9 | 0.5664 | 9 | M3R7 | 0.5830 | 5 |
| M1R3 | 0.5265 | 21 | M2R1 | 0.5545 | 13 | M3O | 0.5430 | 18 | M3R8 | 0.5242 | 22 |
| M1R4 | 0.5817 | 6 | M2R2 | 0.5349 | 19 | M3P | 0.5508 | 15 | M3R9 | 0.6128 | 3 |
| M1R5 | 0.5205 | 24 | M2R3 | 0.5147 | 27 | M3R1 | 0.6427 | 2 | |||
| M1R6 | 0.4900 | 31 | M2R4 | 0.5527 | 14 | M3R2 | 0.5968 | 4 | |||
| M1R7 | 0.5160 | 26 | M2R5 | 0.5024 | 29 | M3R3 | 0.5711 | 8 |
图3 混播组合、混播比例及其交互作用对饲草营养品质的作用路径与效应强度及各因子的标准化效应值实线表示二者间路径关系为正,虚线表示二者间路径关系为负,箭头方向表示二者间的影响方向,数字为标准化路径系数。The solid line indicates that the path relationship between the two is positive, the dotted line indicates that the path relationship between the two is negative, the arrow direction indicates the direction of influence between the two, and the number is the standardized path coefficient. *: P<0.05, **: P<0.01, ***: P<0.001.
Fig.3 Effect path and effect strength of mixed sowing combination, mixed sowing ratio and their interaction on forage nutritional quality and the standardized effect value of each factor
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