Accumulation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in various organs of maize under different fertilization regimes

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017370

Abstract

Abstract: This aim of this research was to determine how different fertilization regimes affect the content and proportional distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N) in maize. The overall aim of our research was to provide baseline data for the design of rational fertilization strategies to improve crop yield in Southwest China. We conducted a long-term fertilization experiment with five different treatments: CK (no fertilization), FP (farmers’ practice), OP (optimal chemical fertilization), OM (organic manure nitrogen replacing 100% chemical N), and MF (organic manure nitrogen replacing 50% chemical N). The biomass of maize was 26.2% higher in the MF treatment than in the FP treatment. Compared with the OM and OP treatments, the MF treatment resulted in significantly higher carbon content by 5.4 and 4.2 g·kg^-1, respectively, in maize bracts, and 7.4 and 21.3 g·kg^-1, respectively, in maize roots. Compared with the other treatments, the MF treatment resulted in higher carbon stocks in maize bracts, roots, corncobs, and grains, and significantly increased nitrogen stock in maize stems and grains. Compared with the FP treatment, the MF treatment resulted in significantly increased carbon stock and nitrogen stock by 29.1% and 16.9%, respectively, on a whole-plant basis. At the same nitrogen application rate, compared with the FP treatment, the MF and OP treatments resulted in significantly increased distribution of assimilated carbon to the maize bracts and grains. Compared with the OP and OM treatments, the MF treatment increased the distribution of assimilated carbon to maize grain by 1.7% and 3.6%, respectively. The MF treatment also resulted in a higher C/N ratio. In conclusion, replacing 50% chemical nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen increased biomass and the absorption and accumulation of nitrogen and carbon in maize. It also increased the proportion of carbon and nitrogen allocated to maize grain, and resulted in a higher C/N ratio, which was important for crop yield formation. Therefore, replacing 50% chemical nitrogen with organic manure nitrogen can increase the nitrogen-use efficiency of maize, and decrease chemical inputs and the loss of chemical fertilizer, thereby lowering the risk of nitrogen leaching into the environment.

Key words: different fertilizations, maize, biomass, carbon and nitrogen

XIE Jun, XU Chun-li, CHEN Xuan-jing, WANG Ke, LI Dan-ping, ZHANG Yue-qiang, SHI Xiao-jun. Accumulation and distribution of carbon and nitrogen in various organs of maize under different fertilization regimes[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(8): 50-58.

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