Differences among three artificial grasslands in dynamics and community diversity of soil microarthropods

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019444

Abstract

Abstract: Soil microarthropods are an important component of grassland ecosystems and can be used to monitor or evaluate the quality or health of grassland soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different artificial perennial rangelands comprising plant species monocultures, on the diversity of soil microarthropods communities on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Three artificial perennial rangeland monocultures were established (Elymus sibiricus, Elymus nutans and Medicago sativa) in Hongyuan County, northwest Sichuan Province, and studied at three and five years from establishment, together with a natural grassland site (NG) for comparison. The investigations of the soil microarthropods communities and soil environment examined the 0-15 cm soil layer and were conducted in July and October 2018. Soil microarthropods were extracted from soil samples for 48 h at 38 ℃ in the laboratory, using the Tullgren. It was found that: 1) The community structure of soil microarthropods differed among the artificial grasslands and the main taxonomic groups affecting community structure were Tectocepheus, Petalomium and Hesperinidae. Microarthropod communities of three-year old artificial grasslands did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in density, group number and Shannon diversity index, while the density, group number and Shannon diversity index of microarthropod communities in NG and five-year old M. sativa rangeland were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in five-year old E. sibiricus and E. nutans grasslands. In addition, the seasonal dynamics of soil microarthropod communities differed among the three artificial grasslands. 2) The density, group number and Shannon index of soil microarthropod communities decreased significantly in E. sibiricus and E. nutans grasslands (P<0.05) and increased in the M. sativa grassland (P>0.05) with increase in years established. 3) The main environmental factors affecting the composition of soil microarthropod communities were soil available P and C∶N and N∶P ratios. The soil available K significantly and positively correlated with the soil microarthropod density (P<0.05), and plant community coverage had a significant and positive effect on the group number and Shannon diversity index (P<0.05). The results show that the effects of the three evaluated artificial perennial rangeland monocultures on the community structure, density and diversity of soil microarthropods differ with forage species and establishment time. Appropriate measures should be taken to increase the soil microarthropod diversity of artificial E. sibiricus, E. nutans and M. sativa rangelands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau where these are more than four years old, in order to promote normal ecological function.

Key words: Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, perennial forage, monoculture artificial grassland, soil microarthropod, diversity

QIU Yue, WU Peng-fei, WEI Xue. Differences among three artificial grasslands in dynamics and community diversity of soil microarthropods[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(5): 21-32.

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