Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 150-158.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020079
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Xin-zhu CHEN1,2(), Jian-guo ZHANG1()
Received:
2020-02-26
Revised:
2020-06-17
Online:
2021-01-20
Published:
2021-01-08
Contact:
Jian-guo ZHANG
Xin-zhu CHEN, Jian-guo ZHANG. Effects of cutting time and plant height of ‘Reyan No.4’ king grass on distribution of lactic acid bacteria and silage fermentation quality[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 150-158.
项目Items | 茬次Cutting | 高度Height | 方差分析Analysis of variance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬First | 第2茬Second | 第3茬Third | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 茬次 Cutting | 高度 Height | 茬次×高度 Cutting×height | |
干物质Dry matter (DM, %FM) | 16.10b | 19.83a | 17.10b | 16.17b | 16.87b | 20.00a | ** | ** | |
粗蛋白Crude protein (%DM) | 10.56a | 7.75b | 9.99a | 11.26a | 8.70b | 8.34b | ** | ** | ** |
可溶性碳水化合物Water soluble carbohydrate (%DM) | 9.68a | 8.89a | 6.43b | 7.44 | 9.09 | 8.48 | ** | ** | ** |
pH | 5.04a | 4.66b | 4.70b | 5.00a | 4.81b | 4.58c | ** | ** | ** |
缓冲能Buffer capacity (mE·kg-1 DM) | 55.73b | 55.55b | 77.75a | 67.18ab | 70.10a | 51.74b | ** | ** | * |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (%DM) | 67.77b | 69.71a | 69.58a | 66.87c | 68.36b | 71.82a | * | ** | ** |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (%DM) | 43.39a | 36.33c | 39.71b | 37.90b | 39.55b | 41.97a | ** | ** | * |
半纤维 Hemi-cellulose (%DM) | 24.38c | 33.38a | 29.87b | 28.98 | 28.80 | 29.84 | ** | ||
棉子糖Melitose (%DM) | 1.93a | 0.03b | 0.60b | 0.82 | 1.05 | 0.69 | ** | ||
蔗糖Sucrose (%DM) | 2.59a | 1.08b | 0.69b | 1.67a | 1.10b | 1.70a | ** | * | ** |
麦芽糖Maltose (%DM) | 0.12a | 0.00b | 0.00b | 0.00b | 0.12a | 0.00b | ** | ** | ** |
葡萄糖Glucose (%DM) | 0.08b | 0.03b | 0.27a | 0.05b | 0.23a | 0.11ab | ** | * | * |
木糖Xylose (%DM) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||
半乳糖Galactose (%DM) | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.00 | |||
果糖Fructose (%DM) | 1.59a | 0.66b | 0.48b | 0.95a | 0.59b | 1.20a | ** | * | ** |
乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 2.71b | 4.65a | 4.45a | 3.45 | 4.05 | 4.31 | ** | * | |
好氧性细菌Aerobic bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 6.92ab | 7.47a | 6.86b | 6.97 | 7.11 | 7.17 | |||
酵母Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 5.53b | 5.30b | 6.04a | 5.65 | 5.44 | 5.77 | |||
霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 3.56b | 4.42a | 3.84b | 3.79 | 4.09 | 3.95 |
Table 1 The characteristic of different cutting and height of Reyan No.4 king grass
项目Items | 茬次Cutting | 高度Height | 方差分析Analysis of variance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬First | 第2茬Second | 第3茬Third | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 茬次 Cutting | 高度 Height | 茬次×高度 Cutting×height | |
干物质Dry matter (DM, %FM) | 16.10b | 19.83a | 17.10b | 16.17b | 16.87b | 20.00a | ** | ** | |
粗蛋白Crude protein (%DM) | 10.56a | 7.75b | 9.99a | 11.26a | 8.70b | 8.34b | ** | ** | ** |
可溶性碳水化合物Water soluble carbohydrate (%DM) | 9.68a | 8.89a | 6.43b | 7.44 | 9.09 | 8.48 | ** | ** | ** |
pH | 5.04a | 4.66b | 4.70b | 5.00a | 4.81b | 4.58c | ** | ** | ** |
缓冲能Buffer capacity (mE·kg-1 DM) | 55.73b | 55.55b | 77.75a | 67.18ab | 70.10a | 51.74b | ** | ** | * |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (%DM) | 67.77b | 69.71a | 69.58a | 66.87c | 68.36b | 71.82a | * | ** | ** |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (%DM) | 43.39a | 36.33c | 39.71b | 37.90b | 39.55b | 41.97a | ** | ** | * |
半纤维 Hemi-cellulose (%DM) | 24.38c | 33.38a | 29.87b | 28.98 | 28.80 | 29.84 | ** | ||
棉子糖Melitose (%DM) | 1.93a | 0.03b | 0.60b | 0.82 | 1.05 | 0.69 | ** | ||
蔗糖Sucrose (%DM) | 2.59a | 1.08b | 0.69b | 1.67a | 1.10b | 1.70a | ** | * | ** |
麦芽糖Maltose (%DM) | 0.12a | 0.00b | 0.00b | 0.00b | 0.12a | 0.00b | ** | ** | ** |
葡萄糖Glucose (%DM) | 0.08b | 0.03b | 0.27a | 0.05b | 0.23a | 0.11ab | ** | * | * |
木糖Xylose (%DM) | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | |||
半乳糖Galactose (%DM) | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.00 | |||
果糖Fructose (%DM) | 1.59a | 0.66b | 0.48b | 0.95a | 0.59b | 1.20a | ** | * | ** |
乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 2.71b | 4.65a | 4.45a | 3.45 | 4.05 | 4.31 | ** | * | |
好氧性细菌Aerobic bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 6.92ab | 7.47a | 6.86b | 6.97 | 7.11 | 7.17 | |||
酵母Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 5.53b | 5.30b | 6.04a | 5.65 | 5.44 | 5.77 | |||
霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FM) | 3.56b | 4.42a | 3.84b | 3.79 | 4.09 | 3.95 |
项目Items | 茬次Cutting | 高度Height | 方差分析Analysis of variance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬 First | 第2茬 Second | 第3茬 Third | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 茬次 Cutting | 高度 Height | 茬次×高度 Cutting×height | |
干物质Dry matter (%) | 13.68 | 16.92 | 17.03 | 14.32b | 14.64b | 18.67a | * | ||
pH值pH value | 4.65a | 4.42b | 4.50a | 4.56a | 4.58a | 4.44b | ** | ** | ** |
乳酸Lactic acid (%DM) | 0.41b | 1.68a | 0.46b | 0.93 | 0.71 | 0.91 | * | ||
乙酸Acedic acid (%DM) | 5.90a | 3.91ab | 2.23b | 6.10a | 2.88b | 3.01b | ** | ** | |
丙酸Propionic acid (%DM) | 0.92 | 1.47 | 0.48 | 0.97 | 0.52 | 1.38 | |||
丁酸Butyric acid (%DM) | 3.68a | 1.91b | 0.91b | 2.48 | 1.91 | 2.10 | ** | ||
氨态氮Ammonia nitrogen (%TN) | 3.07a | 2.10b | 2.06b | 2.17b | 3.25a | 1.80b | * | * |
Table 2 The fermentation characteristics of different cutting and height of Reyan No.4 king grass
项目Items | 茬次Cutting | 高度Height | 方差分析Analysis of variance | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬 First | 第2茬 Second | 第3茬 Third | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 茬次 Cutting | 高度 Height | 茬次×高度 Cutting×height | |
干物质Dry matter (%) | 13.68 | 16.92 | 17.03 | 14.32b | 14.64b | 18.67a | * | ||
pH值pH value | 4.65a | 4.42b | 4.50a | 4.56a | 4.58a | 4.44b | ** | ** | ** |
乳酸Lactic acid (%DM) | 0.41b | 1.68a | 0.46b | 0.93 | 0.71 | 0.91 | * | ||
乙酸Acedic acid (%DM) | 5.90a | 3.91ab | 2.23b | 6.10a | 2.88b | 3.01b | ** | ** | |
丙酸Propionic acid (%DM) | 0.92 | 1.47 | 0.48 | 0.97 | 0.52 | 1.38 | |||
丁酸Butyric acid (%DM) | 3.68a | 1.91b | 0.91b | 2.48 | 1.91 | 2.10 | ** | ||
氨态氮Ammonia nitrogen (%TN) | 3.07a | 2.10b | 2.06b | 2.17b | 3.25a | 1.80b | * | * |
名称Name | 登录号Accession | 相似菌株Similar strain | 相似率Percent identity (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Mott 1 | JQ811209.1 | 植物乳杆菌Lactococcus plantarum EU600918.1 | 99.80 |
Reyan 20 | JQ811213.1 | 戊糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus pentosus AB362677.1 | 99.90 |
Mott 5 | JQ811212.1 | 魏斯氏菌Weissella cibaria JQ811210.1 | 99.79 |
Mott 10 | JQ811210.1 | 融合乳杆菌Weissella confusa JQ811212.1 | 99.79 |
D 3.3 | KC845210.1 | 乳酸乳球菌Lactobacillus lactis JQ811214.1 | 100.00 |
Table 3 NCBI comparison results of the representative strains
名称Name | 登录号Accession | 相似菌株Similar strain | 相似率Percent identity (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Mott 1 | JQ811209.1 | 植物乳杆菌Lactococcus plantarum EU600918.1 | 99.80 |
Reyan 20 | JQ811213.1 | 戊糖乳杆菌Lactobacillus pentosus AB362677.1 | 99.90 |
Mott 5 | JQ811212.1 | 魏斯氏菌Weissella cibaria JQ811210.1 | 99.79 |
Mott 10 | JQ811210.1 | 融合乳杆菌Weissella confusa JQ811212.1 | 99.79 |
D 3.3 | KC845210.1 | 乳酸乳球菌Lactobacillus lactis JQ811214.1 | 100.00 |
项目 Items | 第1茬 First cutting | 第2茬Second cutting | 第3茬Third cutting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | |
分离菌株数Isolates (strain) | 15 | 15 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 13 |
植物乳杆菌Lb. plantarum (%) | 93.33 | 93.33 | 83.33 | 64.28 | 21.43 | 57.14 | 66.66 | ||
戊糖乳杆菌Lb. pentosus (%) | 6.66 | 16.67 | |||||||
乳酸乳球菌Lc. lactis (%) | 6.66 | 7.14 | |||||||
融合乳杆菌W. confuse (%) | 28.57 | 78.57 | 100.00 | 28.57 | 33.33 | 84.61 | |||
魏斯氏菌W. cibaria (%) | 7.14 | 7.14 | 15.38 |
Table 4 The number and kinds of LAB of different cutting and height of Reyan No.4 king grass
项目 Items | 第1茬 First cutting | 第2茬Second cutting | 第3茬Third cutting | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | 1.0 m | 1.5 m | 2.0 m | |
分离菌株数Isolates (strain) | 15 | 15 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 13 |
植物乳杆菌Lb. plantarum (%) | 93.33 | 93.33 | 83.33 | 64.28 | 21.43 | 57.14 | 66.66 | ||
戊糖乳杆菌Lb. pentosus (%) | 6.66 | 16.67 | |||||||
乳酸乳球菌Lc. lactis (%) | 6.66 | 7.14 | |||||||
融合乳杆菌W. confuse (%) | 28.57 | 78.57 | 100.00 | 28.57 | 33.33 | 84.61 | |||
魏斯氏菌W. cibaria (%) | 7.14 | 7.14 | 15.38 |
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