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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 61-74.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022004

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Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation of octoploid Tritipyrum-derived wheat breeding lines based on agronomic traits

Li-fang CHANG(), Xin LI, Hui-juan GUO, Lin-yi QIAO, Shu-wei ZHANG, Fang CHEN, Zhi-jian CHANG(), Xiao-jun ZHANG()   

  1. College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China
  • Received:2022-01-06 Revised:2022-04-11 Online:2022-11-20 Published:2022-10-01
  • Contact: Zhi-jian CHANG,Xiao-jun ZHANG

Abstract:

Being potential tertiary gene pools, perennial wheatgrasses (Thinopyrum spp.) are recognized sources of genetic variation for wheat (Triticum aestivum) improvement, and wheat-Thinopyrum amphiploids and their derived germplasm have played an important role in increasing the amount of genetic diversity and improving resilience to biotic stress in wheat. In this research, a total of 163 octoploid Tritipyrum-derived breeding lines were evaluated for phenotypic genetic diversity of 13 agronomic traits through diversity analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis and comprehensive multivariate evaluation. It was found that the diversity indexes of five descriptive quality traits ranged from 0.26 to 1.00, with the plant type having the highest diversity. The variation coefficients of 8 yield-related traits ranged from 4.44% to 20.11%, with yield per plant having the highest variation coefficient (20.11%), followed by effective tiller number (17.37%) and the thousand kernel weight (17.13%), and with the heading period having the minimum value (4.44%). The diversity index of measured traits ranged from 1.97 to 2.09, with thousand kernel weight being highest (H'=2.09), followed by spikelets per spike (H'=2.07), and the heading date lowest (H'=1.97). Correlation analysis indicated that the 8 yield-related traits were significantly correlated with each other at the 0.05 or 0.01 probability levels. Systematic cluster analysis based on Euclidean distance of the eight measured yield-related traits demonstrated that the 163 lines were divided into six groups with significant difference among them. Each group had its unique characteristics, and groups I and Ⅲ had favorable yield-related traits therefore represented superior germplasm for yield traits. On principal component analysis, the first four principal components represented 81.12% of the genetic information of the 163 surveyed derived lines, among which thousand kernel weight, spikelet number per spike, spike length, and plant height contributed the most and had a positive contribution to yield improvement. In comprehensive multivariate evaluation of phenotypic traits, based on the D value, the five highest scoring germplasm lines (CH16353, CH1742, CH16370, CH16385 and CH16382) with high thousand kernel weight were screened out for wheat breeding. This study showed that the octoploid Tritipyrum-derived breeding lines are rich in genetic diversity for yield-related traits, and could provide valuable reference for wheatgrass-derived germplasm used in wheat breeding programs.

Key words: wheatgrasses, Tritipyrum germplasm, wheat yield-related trait, genetic diversity, comprehensive evaluation