Effects of H2O2 immersion on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa under salt stress

doi:10.11686/cyxb2022486

Abstract

Abstract:

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the normal growth of plants worldwide. Exogenous H₂O₂ can alleviate the damage caused by salt stress on plants by altering the activity of plant peroxidase and osmotic regulatory substances. In this study， different salt stress concentrations （0， 0.6%， 1.2%， 1.8% NaCl） and H₂O₂ immersion seed treatments （0， 5， 100 μmol·L^-1 H₂O₂） were used to study the effects of H₂O₂ on seed germination， seedling growth， antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic adjustment substances of alfalfa under the different salt stress concentrations. It was found that： 1） With successive increases in NaCl concentration， the germination rate， germination potential， germination index and vigor index of alfalfa seed progressively decreased. With increase in NaCl concentration， the fresh weight， dry weight and absolute water content of alfalfa seedlings aboveground and whole plant initially increased and then decreased at higher concentration， while the fresh weight， dry weight and absolute water content of roots continued to decrease across the tested concentration range. With increasing NaCl concentration， superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and soluble protein content increased gradually， catalase （CAT） activity and malondialdehyde content increased initially and then decreased， peroxidase （POD） activity and soluble sugar contents were lower than those of seedlings without salt stress. 2） The germination potential， germination index and vigor index of alfalfa seed were improved by H₂O₂ immersion. The fresh weight， dry weight， root∶shoot， SOD and CAT activities， proline and soluble protein contents of alfalfa seedlings under the 5 μmol·L^-1H₂O₂ immersion treatment were higher than those under the 100 μmol·L^-1H₂O₂ and distilled water immersion treatments， while the malondialdehyde content of the 5 μmol·L^-1H₂O₂ treatment was lower than that of 100 μmol·L^-1H₂O₂ and distilled water immersion treatments. Multivariate analysis showed that salt stress inhibited seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa， and that alfalfa seedlings resisted salt stress by increasing antioxidant enzyme activity and osmotic regulatory substance content. The salt resistance of alfalfa seeds and seedlings was improved by H₂O₂ immersion， and soaking seeds with 5 μmol·L^-1 H₂O₂ was better than soaking with 100 μmol·L^-1 H₂O₂.

Key words: salt stress, H₂O₂ immersion, seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzyme activity, osmotic adjustment substances, Medicago sativa

Jiao-yun LU, Hong TIAN, He-shan ZHANG, Jun-bo XIONG, Yang LIU, Zhen-nan WANG. Effects of H₂O₂ immersion on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa under salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(10): 141-152.

Figures/Tables 7

References 44

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指标 Index	发芽率 Germination rate		发芽势 Germination potential		发芽指数 Germination index		活力指数 Vigor index
指标 Index	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F
H₂O₂	<0.001	25.421	<0.001	11.389	<0.001	23.291	<0.001	17.765
NaCl	<0.001	197.384	<0.001	577.641	<0.001	1265.855	<0.001	912.672
H₂O₂×NaCl	0.204	1.469	<0.001	5.670	<0.001	13.137	<0.001	102.107

指标 Index	发芽率 Germination rate		发芽势 Germination potential		发芽指数 Germination index		活力指数 Vigor index
指标 Index	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F
H₂O₂	<0.001	25.421	<0.001	11.389	<0.001	23.291	<0.001	17.765
NaCl	<0.001	197.384	<0.001	577.641	<0.001	1265.855	<0.001	912.672
H₂O₂×NaCl	0.204	1.469	<0.001	5.670	<0.001	13.137	<0.001	102.107

指标Index	部位Part	项目Item	H₂O₂	NaCl	H₂O₂×NaCl
鲜重 Fresh weight	苗Shoot	P	0.005	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	6.626	41.865	23.540
	根Root	P	<0.001	0.001	<0.001
	根Root	F	38.621	8.004	66.134
	全株Whole plant	P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	全株Whole plant	F	11.582	36.424	24.135
干重 Dry weight	苗Shoot	P	0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	10.404	19.398	7.119
	根Root	P	<0.001	<0.001	0.007
	根Root	F	15.772	18.389	3.991
	全株Whole plant	P	<0.001	<0.001	0.005
	全株Whole plant	F	15.081	17.706	4.187
绝对含水量 Absolute moisture	苗Shoot	P	0.002	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	7.904	15.955	10.616
	根Root	P	<0.001	0.225	<0.001
	根Root	F	24.958	1.562	44.838
	全株Whole plant	P	0.009	<0.001	<0.001
	全株Whole plant	F	5.851	20.297	10.351
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio		P	0.003	<0.001	<0.001
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio		F	7.680	18.331	7.145

指标Index	部位Part	项目Item	H₂O₂	NaCl	H₂O₂×NaCl
鲜重 Fresh weight	苗Shoot	P	0.005	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	6.626	41.865	23.540
	根Root	P	<0.001	0.001	<0.001
	根Root	F	38.621	8.004	66.134
	全株Whole plant	P	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	全株Whole plant	F	11.582	36.424	24.135
干重 Dry weight	苗Shoot	P	0.001	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	10.404	19.398	7.119
	根Root	P	<0.001	<0.001	0.007
	根Root	F	15.772	18.389	3.991
	全株Whole plant	P	<0.001	<0.001	0.005
	全株Whole plant	F	15.081	17.706	4.187
绝对含水量 Absolute moisture	苗Shoot	P	0.002	<0.001	<0.001
	苗Shoot	F	7.904	15.955	10.616
	根Root	P	<0.001	0.225	<0.001
	根Root	F	24.958	1.562	44.838
	全株Whole plant	P	0.009	<0.001	<0.001
	全株Whole plant	F	5.851	20.297	10.351
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio		P	0.003	<0.001	<0.001
根冠比 Root-shoot ratio		F	7.680	18.331	7.145

H₂O₂浓度 H₂O₂concentration （μmol·L^-1）	NaCl浓度NaCl concentration （%）	鲜重 Fresh weight （g·×10³ plant^-1）			干重 Dry weight （g·×10³ plant^-1）			绝对含水量 Absolute moisture （%）			根冠比Root- shoot ratio
H₂O₂浓度 H₂O₂concentration （μmol·L^-1）	NaCl浓度NaCl concentration （%）	苗 Shoot	根 Root	全株 Whole plant	苗 Shoot	根 Root	全株 Whole plant	苗 Shoot	根 Root	全株 Whole plant	根冠比Root- shoot ratio
0	0	8.13±0.67bB	1.82±0.07aA	9.95±0.68bB	1.49±0.10bA	0.36±0.08abB	1.85±0.16abB	81.64±1.11cA	80.07±3.96aA	81.34±1.56bA	0.24±0.05abB
	0.6	14.06±1.45aB	0.83±0.14bA	14.89±1.48aB	1.75±0.14aA	0.31±0.04bcB	2.06±0.16aA	87.51±0.99bB	62.53±6.14bA	86.15±0.96aB	0.18±0.02bB
	1.2	15.94±1.07aA	0.65±0.10cB	16.59±1.14aA	1.37±0.06bC	0.42±0.06aA	1.79±0.03abC	91.39±0.89aA	34.32±3.23cC	89.17±0.85aA	0.31±0.05aA
	1.8	8.86±1.06bB	0.29±0.04dC	9.15±1.03bC	1.45±0.14bA	0.25±0.04cB	1.70±0.16bAB	83.47±2.70cB	14.06±3.87dC	81.26±3.17bB	0.17±0.02bB
5	0	10.70±1.04bA	1.47±0.32bA	12.17±1.29cA	1.65±0.03aA	0.59±0.04aA	2.24±0.07aA	84.49±1.33cA	58.38±8.92bB	81.44±1.76cA	0.36±0.02aAB
	0.6	10.78±0.22bC	1.20±0.26bcA	11.98±0.21cB	1.65±0.01aA	0.46±0.01bA	2.11±0.02aA	84.69±0.26cC	60.72±9.41bA	82.41±0.21cC	0.28±0.00bA
	1.2	15.47±1.17aA	0.77±0.06cB	16.24±1.14bA	1.76±0.12aA	0.38±0.06bA	2.14±0.07aA	88.57±1.47bB	50.13±11.70bB	86.79±1.11bB	0.22±0.05bA
	1.8	15.58±0.95aA	2.79±0.25aA	18.37±0.72aA	1.44±0.05bA	0.38±0.06bA	1.82±0.12bA	90.74±0.65aA	86.20±2.61aA	90.07±0.66aA	0.27±0.04bA
100	0	8.35±0.91dB	0.82±0.16bB	9.17±1.02cB	1.15±0.24bB	0.49±0.06aAB	1.64±0.24bB	85.87±4.28cA	39.84±9.23cC	81.78±4.52bA	0.43±0.10aA
	0.6	18.72±2.11aA	1.03±0.22bA	19.75±2.16aA	1.79±0.04aA	0.35±0.04bcB	2.14±0.08aA	90.37±0.97abA	65.05±8.50bA	89.10±0.99aA	0.20±0.02bB
	1.2	11.85±1.32cB	2.45±0.17aA	14.30±1.20bA	1.55±0.06aB	0.42±0.06abA	1.97±0.12aB	86.87±1.10bcB	82.69±3.70aA	86.22±0.71aB	0.27±0.03bA
	1.8	14.63±1.28bA	1.22±0.26bB	15.86±1.53bB	1.18±0.14bB	0.28±0.03cB	1.46±0.17bB	91.97±0.34aA	76.61±3.81abB	90.82±0.39aA	0.24±0.01bA

Effects of H₂O₂ immersion on seed germination and seedling growth of alfalfa under salt stress

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处理 Treatment	SOD		CAT		POD		丙二醛 Malondialdehyde		脯氨酸 Proline		可溶性糖 Soluble sugar		可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein
处理 Treatment	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F
H₂O₂	<0.001	111.417	<0.001	106.515	<0.001	175.905	<0.001	15.791	<0.001	104.913	<0.001	13.149	<0.001	32.308
NaCl	<0.001	71.272	<0.001	64.030	<0.001	32.149	<0.001	25.842	0.093	2.399	<0.001	15.516	<0.001	26.838
H₂O₂×NaCl	<0.001	59.762	<0.001	19.758	0.013	3.452	0.003	4.730	0.002	4.973	0.001	5.933	<0.001	6.251

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