Correlation between vegetation biomass and soil fractal characteristics and soil moisture at different elevations in the Helan Mountains

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023050

Abstract

Abstract:

This research investigated the vertical variation of vegetation biomass， soil fractal characteristics and soil moisture content in arid and semi-arid mountain ecosystems， and investigated the correlation between vegetation biomass， fractal characteristics and soil moisture， in typical vegetation zones at different elevations in the Helan Mountains. Vegetation biomass， soil fractal characteristics and soil moisture content and the vertical variability of these parameters were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. It was found that： 1） The herb biomass and shrub biomass did not show a linear trend with elevation； The maximum value for shrub vegetation biomass occurred at a shallow mountain scrub sampling site designated QSGC and the maximum value for herbaceous vegetation biomass occurred at a subalpine scrub sampling site designated YGSGC， with better vegetation conditions and higher vegetation productivity. 2） The soils in Helan Mountains were comprised mainly of powder-sized and very fine sand particles， and the soil texture became finer as the elevation increased. 3） Soil moisture content increased significantly with elevation， but was slightly lower at a sampling site designated QHYS and characterized by presence of Qinghai spruce. 4） Correlation analysis showed that annual precipitation and soil clay content were the factors most strongly associated with vegetation biomass. Overall， vegetation biomass， soil fractal characteristics， and soil moisture content in the vegetated Helan Mountains were found to be affected by the combined effects and influences of several environmental factors， showing obvious spatial heterogeneity. This study provides important information about the spatial variation patterns of vegetation biomass in Helan Mountains and apparent causative factors. Such information will assist planning of the restoration of degraded vegetation in the Helan Mountains and will provide reference data for planning the rational use of vegetation and soil resources in the Helan Mountain ecosystem.

Key words: altitude, vegetation biomass, soil moisture content, soil particle composition, fractal dimension

Ye-yun HUANG, Kai-yang QIU, Ya-chao ZHU, Ying-zhong XIE, Wang-suo LIU, Yi YANG, Si-yao WANG, Lu-yao CUI, Ping-an BAO. Correlation between vegetation biomass and soil fractal characteristics and soil moisture at different elevations in the Helan Mountains[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(12): 24-35.

Figures/Tables 9

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研究区 Study area	海拔 Altitude （m）	地理位置 Geographical location	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation （mm）	年均温 Mean annual temperature （℃）	草本优势物种 Herb dominant species	灌木优势物种 Shrub dominant species
HJS	1350	106°00′01″ E 38°42′05″ N	191	8.32	短花针茅S. breviflora，兴安胡枝子Lespedeza davurica，冬青叶兔唇花Lagochilus ilicifolius	松叶猪毛菜 Salsola laricifolia
QSGC	1800	105°56′40″ E 38°45′07″ N	231	5.40	石生针茅Stipa tianschanica var. klemenzii，沙生针茅Stipa caucasica，贺兰山岩黄芪Hedysarum petrovii	蒙古扁桃 P. mongolica
QHYS	2450	105°54′02″ E 38°46′36″ N	253	2.89	祁连薹草Carex allivescens，中华鹅观草Elymus sinicus，小红菊Chrysanthemum chanetii
YGSGC	2600	105°53′52″ E 38°46′24″ N	262	2.32	高原嵩草 K. pusilla，硬质早熟禾Poa sphondylodes，扁穗冰草 A. cristatum	白毛银露梅 P. glabra
XSD	2900	105°54′13″ E 38°46′00″ N	266	2.19	高原嵩草K. pusilla，西山委陵菜Potentilla sischanensis，小红菊C. chanetii

研究区 Study area	海拔 Altitude （m）	地理位置 Geographical location	年降水量 Mean annual precipitation （mm）	年均温 Mean annual temperature （℃）	草本优势物种 Herb dominant species	灌木优势物种 Shrub dominant species
HJS	1350	106°00′01″ E 38°42′05″ N	191	8.32	短花针茅S. breviflora，兴安胡枝子Lespedeza davurica，冬青叶兔唇花Lagochilus ilicifolius	松叶猪毛菜 Salsola laricifolia
QSGC	1800	105°56′40″ E 38°45′07″ N	231	5.40	石生针茅Stipa tianschanica var. klemenzii，沙生针茅Stipa caucasica，贺兰山岩黄芪Hedysarum petrovii	蒙古扁桃 P. mongolica
QHYS	2450	105°54′02″ E 38°46′36″ N	253	2.89	祁连薹草Carex allivescens，中华鹅观草Elymus sinicus，小红菊Chrysanthemum chanetii
YGSGC	2600	105°53′52″ E 38°46′24″ N	262	2.32	高原嵩草 K. pusilla，硬质早熟禾Poa sphondylodes，扁穗冰草 A. cristatum	白毛银露梅 P. glabra
XSD	2900	105°54′13″ E 38°46′00″ N	266	2.19	高原嵩草K. pusilla，西山委陵菜Potentilla sischanensis，小红菊C. chanetii

解释变量Explanatory variable	解释量Explains （%）	贡献度Contribution （%）	F	P
黏粒Clay	30.1	43.8	10.8	0.02
土壤水分含量Soil moisture content	21.0	30.6	10.3	0.02
极细砂粒Very fine sand	4.5	6.5	2.3	0.64
年均降水量Mean annual precipitation	2.3	3.4	1.2	1.00
海拔Altitude	5.0	7.3	2.8	0.56
年均温Mean annual temperature	2.6	3.8	1.5	1.00
粉粒Silt	2.2	3.2	1.3	1.00
细砂粒Fine sand	0.8	1.2	0.5	1.00
分形维数Fractal dimension	0.2	0.3	0.1	1.00

解释变量Explanatory variable	解释量Explains （%）	贡献度Contribution （%）	F	P
黏粒Clay	30.1	43.8	10.8	0.02
土壤水分含量Soil moisture content	21.0	30.6	10.3	0.02
极细砂粒Very fine sand	4.5	6.5	2.3	0.64
年均降水量Mean annual precipitation	2.3	3.4	1.2	1.00
海拔Altitude	5.0	7.3	2.8	0.56
年均温Mean annual temperature	2.6	3.8	1.5	1.00
粉粒Silt	2.2	3.2	1.3	1.00
细砂粒Fine sand	0.8	1.2	0.5	1.00
分形维数Fractal dimension	0.2	0.3	0.1	1.00

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[4]	Zhong-chao SUN, Tian-dou GUO, Lu YU, Yan-ping MA, Ya-nan ZHAO, Xue-ying LI, Hong-mei WANG. Changes in soil particle size distribution and fractal characteristics across an anthropogenic transition from desert steppe grassland to shrubland in eastern Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 34-45.
[5]	Guang-yi LV, Xue-bao XU, Cui-ping GAO, Zhi-hui YU, Xin-ya WANG, Cheng-jie WANG. Effects of grazing on total nitrogen and stable nitrogen isotopes of plants and soil in different types of grasslands in Inner Mongolia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 208-214.
[6]	DONG Xue, HAO Yu-guang, XIN Zhi-ming, DUAN Rui-bing, HUANG Ya-ru, LI Xin-le, MA Yuan, LIU Fang. Fractal features of soil and their relationship with soil fertility under three shrub species in Otindag sandy land [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(6): 172-181.
[7]	YANG Qin, GUAN Jiu-qiang, CHAI Zhi-xin, LI Hua-de, CAO Shi-xiao, ZHANG Xiang-fei, BAI Qin, ZHONG Jin-cheng, LUO Xiao-lin. Effect of indoor-feeding at low altitude on muscle quality of yaks [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(5): 33-42.
[8]	ZHENG Hui-xin, HUANG Xiao, CAI Li-ping, HOU Xiao-long, ZHOU Chui-fan, ZENG Si-yi, WEI Meng-yu, QIU Qing-shu. Effects of soil particle composition and adhesives on seed germination and seedling growth of Neyraudia reynaudiana [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(2): 92-102.
[9]	MA Hai-xia, ZHANG De-gang, CHEN Jin, GUO Chun-xiu, DONG Yong-ping, MA Yuan, KANG Yu-kun, CHEN Lu, DU Kai, CHEN Jian-gang. Change in factors influencing soil water holding capacity at microsites along a slope transect in alpine meadow in the eastern Qilian Mountains [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(1): 28-37.
[10]	WANG Xin, LUO Xue-ping, ZI Hong-biao, YANG Wen-gao, HU Lei, WANG Chang-ting. Ecological stoichiometry characteristics of forest litter and its influencing factors in Qinghai Province [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(8): 1-14.
[11]	CHANG Hai-tao, ZHAO Juan, LIU Jia-nan, LIU Ren-tao, LUO Ya-xi, ZHANG Jing. Changes in soil physico-chemical properties and related fractal features during conversion of cropland into agroforestry and grassland: A case study of desertified steppe in Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(7): 14-25.
[12]	WANG Fei, YIN Fei, LONG Hao-qiang, LI Xue, WU Yan-yan, JIAO Nian-yuan, MA Chao, FU Guo-zhan. Photochemical activity in flag leaves of winter wheat when following maize, peanut, or a maize-peanut intercrop in a crop rotation [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(7): 123-131.
[13]	Ruozha·Zhaerhan, LI Qian, WANG Yu-xiang, ZHANG Bo. A study of the correlation between altitude and Medicago falcata phenotypic traits [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2019, 28(1): 79-85.
[14]	WANG Yu-zhen, HUANG Xiao, CAI Li-ping, ZHENG Hui-xin, HOU Xiao-long, ZHOU Chui-fan, ZHANG Hong, HUANG Peng-ping, HUA Cong. Effects of soil particle composition on seed germination and seedling growth of Paspalum wettsteinii under different temperatures [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(9): 45-55.
[15]	GAO Hai-ning, LI Cai-xia, SUN Xiao-mei, CHEN Nian-lai, ZHANG Yong. Study of microorganism abundance and communities in response to soil factors in Binggou Valley, the upper reaches of Heihe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(6): 23-33.