An investigation of foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer for selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction in alfalfa

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023070

Abstract

Abstract:

This research investigated foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer as a means to alleviate cadmium stress and enhance selenium content in alfalfa （Medicago sativa） plants exposed to different concentrations of cadmium （0， 1 and 10 mg·kg^-1 Cd； Cd₀， Cd₁ and Cd₁₀， respectively）. Two M. sativa cultivars， Caoyuan No.3 and Zhongmu No.1 were selected for study. In the experiment， effects of foliar selenium fertilizer spray （0， 50 and 100 mg·kg^-1 Se； Se₀， Se₅₀ and Se₁₀₀， respectively） on plant selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction were evaluated by measurement of plant height and biomass， and of the levels of total selenium， selenomethionine （SeMet） and cadmium in the roots， stems and leaves of the alfalfa plants when they were at the first flowering stage. It was found that the application of exogenous selenium promoted the growth and increased selenium levels of alfalfa. This was evidenced by significantly greater plant height， biomass， total selenium and SeMet content of the two alfalfa cultivars， while cadmium levels and the coefficients of cadmium enrichment and cadmium transport were significantly decreased. Both plant height and biomass always ranked Cd₀>Cd₁>Cd₁₀ at any given concentration of foliar Se spray， and usually ranked Se₁₀₀>Se₅₀>Se₀ at any given soil Cd concentration. Plant tissue Cd contents were generally greater than 10 mg·kg^-1 Cd dry weight at Cd₁₀， in the range 0.2-0.6 mg·kg^-1 Cd dry weight at Cd₁， and less than 0.02 mg·kg^-1 Cd dry weight at Cd₀ and always decreased by approximately 20% from Se₀ to Se₁₀₀. The total amount of selenium and SeMet in each organ ranked leaf>stem>root， and cadmium content ranked stem<leaf<root. Under the same conditions， plant height， biomass， total amount of selenium and SeMet of Zhongmu No.1 were higher than those of Caoyuan No.3， while the cadmium content was lower than that of Caoyuan No.3. We consider that the best result of selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction was achieved under growing conditions of 1 mg·kg^-1 Cd in soil and selenium fertilizer 50 mg·kg^-1.

Key words: foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer, Medicago sativa, cadmium pollution, selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction

Xu-qin BAI, Chun-yun JIA, Wen-shuan LI, Ya-min LI, Chang-feng LIU, Xiu-yun HAN, Mei-han CHU, Zong-qiang GONG, Xiao-jun LI. An investigation of foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer for selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction in alfalfa[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(1): 50-60.

Figures/Tables 7

References 42

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组织 Organs	施硒量 Selenium application amount （mg·kg^-1）	有机硒转化率Conversion rate of organic selenium
		草原三号M. sativa cv. Caoyuan No.3			中苜一号M. sativa cv. Zhongmu No.1
		CK	Cd=1	Cd=10	CK	Cd=1	Cd=10
根 Root	0	0.48	0.49	0.42	0.52	0.41	0.36
	50	0.63	0.79	0.60	0.71	0.76	0.65
	100	0.70	0.76	0.60	0.71	0.79	0.68
茎 Stem	0	0.51	0.47	0.33	0.47	0.43	0.34
	50	0.75	0.79	0.63	0.81	0.81	0.74
	100	0.69	0.77	0.63	0.79	0.84	0.74
叶 Leaf	0	0.49	0.47	0.39	0.39	0.48	0.50
	50	0.80	0.79	0.64	0.71	0.81	0.78
	100	0.79	0.85	0.63	0.69	0.83	0.84

组织 Organs	施硒量 Selenium application amount （mg·kg^-1）	有机硒转化率Conversion rate of organic selenium
		草原三号M. sativa cv. Caoyuan No.3			中苜一号M. sativa cv. Zhongmu No.1
		CK	Cd=1	Cd=10	CK	Cd=1	Cd=10
根 Root	0	0.48	0.49	0.42	0.52	0.41	0.36
	50	0.63	0.79	0.60	0.71	0.76	0.65
	100	0.70	0.76	0.60	0.71	0.79	0.68
茎 Stem	0	0.51	0.47	0.33	0.47	0.43	0.34
	50	0.75	0.79	0.63	0.81	0.81	0.74
	100	0.69	0.77	0.63	0.79	0.84	0.74
叶 Leaf	0	0.49	0.47	0.39	0.39	0.48	0.50
	50	0.80	0.79	0.64	0.71	0.81	0.78
	100	0.79	0.85	0.63	0.69	0.83	0.84

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