Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 38-52.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024462
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Jian-min RAN1,2(
), Xiao-yan SONG1,2(
), Dan WANG1,2,3, Chang-ting WANG1,2
Received:2024-11-21
Revised:2025-01-17
Online:2025-09-20
Published:2025-07-02
Contact:
Xiao-yan SONG
Jian-min RAN, Xiao-yan SONG, Dan WANG, Chang-ting WANG. Changes in soil organic carbon fractions and carbon sequestration potential of degraded alpine meadows[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(9): 38-52.
项目 Item | 未退化 None degradation | 轻度退化 Light degradation | 中度退化 Moderate degradation | 重度退化 Heavily degradation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 地上生物量Above-ground biomass (g·m-2) | 297.51±15.74a | 203.53±15.61b | 137.00±19.17c | 123.52±21.95c |
| 0~30 cm地下生物量Below-ground biomass in 0-30 cm (g·m-2) | 519.95±69.59ab | 627.41±113.33ab | 908.18±192.67a | 248.42±35.03b |
| 高度Height (cm) | 23.58±0.56a | 18.01±0.58b | 15.56±0.25c | 14.53±0.12d |
| 盖度Coverage (%) | 87.4±2.5a | 73.4±1.3b | 63.0±1.6c | 62.0±1.6c |
| 香农-威纳指数Shannon-Wiener index | 2.71±0.04a | 2.58±0.04a | 2.35±0.09b | 2.38±0.06b |
| 辛普森指数Simpson index | 0.9271±0.0073a | 0.9339±0.0020a | 0.9225±0.0047a | 0.9305±0.0044a |
| 丰富度指数Richness index | 20.67±0.94a | 19.33±0.29a | 16.20±0.46b | 17.20±0.31b |
| 均匀度指数Pielou index | 0.90±0.06a | 0.87±0.02ab | 0.85±0.01ab | 0.84±0.02b |
Table 1 Vegetation characteristics
项目 Item | 未退化 None degradation | 轻度退化 Light degradation | 中度退化 Moderate degradation | 重度退化 Heavily degradation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 地上生物量Above-ground biomass (g·m-2) | 297.51±15.74a | 203.53±15.61b | 137.00±19.17c | 123.52±21.95c |
| 0~30 cm地下生物量Below-ground biomass in 0-30 cm (g·m-2) | 519.95±69.59ab | 627.41±113.33ab | 908.18±192.67a | 248.42±35.03b |
| 高度Height (cm) | 23.58±0.56a | 18.01±0.58b | 15.56±0.25c | 14.53±0.12d |
| 盖度Coverage (%) | 87.4±2.5a | 73.4±1.3b | 63.0±1.6c | 62.0±1.6c |
| 香农-威纳指数Shannon-Wiener index | 2.71±0.04a | 2.58±0.04a | 2.35±0.09b | 2.38±0.06b |
| 辛普森指数Simpson index | 0.9271±0.0073a | 0.9339±0.0020a | 0.9225±0.0047a | 0.9305±0.0044a |
| 丰富度指数Richness index | 20.67±0.94a | 19.33±0.29a | 16.20±0.46b | 17.20±0.31b |
| 均匀度指数Pielou index | 0.90±0.06a | 0.87±0.02ab | 0.85±0.01ab | 0.84±0.02b |
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 项目 Item | 未退化 None degradation | 轻度退化 Light degradation | 中度退化 Moderate degradation | 重度退化 Heavily degradation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0~10 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 32.67±2.06a | 25.90±1.52a | 28.50±1.44a | 28.56±1.16a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.02±0.04b | 1.14±0.02ab | 1.19±0.02a | 1.19±0.02a | |
| 黏粒含量Clay concentration (%) | 5.76±1.23b | 9.02±0.22ab | 8.41±1.64ab | 11.46±0.32a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 32.67±5.59b | 49.14±2.16ab | 40.41±7.71ab | 54.10±1.29a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 1.18±0.03a | 1.18±0.03a | 1.02±0.01b | 1.00±0.03b | |
| pH | 5.84±0.01a | 5.86±0.06a | 5.87±0.06a | 6.02±0.06a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 2.97±0.35a | 2.07±0.03b | 1.67±0.24b | 1.83±0.09b | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.98±0.23a | 1.76±0.28a | 1.54±0.02a | 1.50±0.22a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 34.80±1.50b | 49.50±0.30a | 47.90±1.60a | 13.60±1.40c | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 14.50±2.60a | 11.19±1.30ab | 7.50±1.30b | 7.20±0.60b | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 62.80±20.30a | 28.00±10.40ab | 18.00±7.40b | 10.10±4.40b | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.30±0.06a | 0.30±0.04a | 0.23±0.04a | 0.21±0.01a | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.53±0.10a | 0.66±0.10a | 0.57±0.11a | 0.58±0.11a | |
| 10~20 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 27.74±3.34a | 24.88±0.46a | 23.66±2.11a | 28.92±3.64a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.19±0.06a | 1.28±0.03a | 1.31±0.05a | 1.28±0.06a | |
| 黏粒含量Clay concentration (%) | 9.13±0.69b | 9.40±0.31b | 7.44±1.30b | 11.97±0.13a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 53.10±4.52a | 48.00±2.57a | 34.17±5.17b | 55.97±2.00a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 1.10±0.03a | 1.08±0.01a | 1.01±0.03a | 1.05±0.01a | |
| pH | 5.79±0.04b | 6.05±0.06a | 6.01±0.05ab | 6.07±0.04a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.50±0.06a | 1.13±0.09a | 1.07±0.07a | 1.07±0.22a | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 2.01±0.29a | 1.59±0.18a | 1.65±0.25a | 1.60±0.15a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 39.30±0.10b | 52.00±0.80a | 36.70±2.20b | 10.70±0.50c | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 12.60±1.80a | 9.00±1.10ab | 7.10±1.70b | 7.60±0.80b | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 16.10±4.20a | 16.80±7.10a | 24.40±7.80a | 10.70±4.20a | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.30±0.02a | 0.24±0.03ab | 0.17±0.02b | 0.18±0.03b | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.46±0.10a | 0.49±0.12a | 0.36±0.13a | 0.17±0.03a | |
| 20~30 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 21.31±1.45a | 18.43±2.26a | 21.82±1.65a | 23.53±0.76a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.31±0.01a | 1.38±0.07a | 1.35±0.03a | 1.38±0.03a | |
| 黏粒含量Caly concentration (%) | 0.24±0.11b | 0.15±0.20b | 0.28±0.07b | 0.99±0.08a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 28.50±5.05b | 23.70±0.77b | 33.86±4.01b | 54.34±2.40a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 0.99±0.03a | 0.92±0.01ab | 0.84±0.05b | 0.78±0.04b | |
| pH | 5.98±0.05a | 6.16±0.04a | 6.20±0.08a | 6.20±0.03a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.03±0.09a | 0.83±0.15a | 0.83±0.03a | 0.73±0.15a | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.86±0.28a | 1.82±0.03a | 1.43±0.20a | 1.70±0.08a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 44.30±0.80b | 50.80±0.50a | 20.70±2.10c | 10.60±8.00d | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 21.10±9.50a | 12.70±5.80a | 7.60±1.20a | 6.40±0.40a | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 29.20±11.40a | 31.60±21.60a | 17.10±5.90a | 13.20±3.70a | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.25±0.04a | 0.17±0.02a | 0.21±0.06a | 0.19±0.03a | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.24±0.06a | 0.33±0.06a | 0.35±0.11a | 0.08±0.01a |
Table 2 Soil physical and chemical properties
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 项目 Item | 未退化 None degradation | 轻度退化 Light degradation | 中度退化 Moderate degradation | 重度退化 Heavily degradation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0~10 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 32.67±2.06a | 25.90±1.52a | 28.50±1.44a | 28.56±1.16a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.02±0.04b | 1.14±0.02ab | 1.19±0.02a | 1.19±0.02a | |
| 黏粒含量Clay concentration (%) | 5.76±1.23b | 9.02±0.22ab | 8.41±1.64ab | 11.46±0.32a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 32.67±5.59b | 49.14±2.16ab | 40.41±7.71ab | 54.10±1.29a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 1.18±0.03a | 1.18±0.03a | 1.02±0.01b | 1.00±0.03b | |
| pH | 5.84±0.01a | 5.86±0.06a | 5.87±0.06a | 6.02±0.06a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 2.97±0.35a | 2.07±0.03b | 1.67±0.24b | 1.83±0.09b | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.98±0.23a | 1.76±0.28a | 1.54±0.02a | 1.50±0.22a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 34.80±1.50b | 49.50±0.30a | 47.90±1.60a | 13.60±1.40c | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 14.50±2.60a | 11.19±1.30ab | 7.50±1.30b | 7.20±0.60b | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 62.80±20.30a | 28.00±10.40ab | 18.00±7.40b | 10.10±4.40b | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.30±0.06a | 0.30±0.04a | 0.23±0.04a | 0.21±0.01a | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.53±0.10a | 0.66±0.10a | 0.57±0.11a | 0.58±0.11a | |
| 10~20 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 27.74±3.34a | 24.88±0.46a | 23.66±2.11a | 28.92±3.64a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.19±0.06a | 1.28±0.03a | 1.31±0.05a | 1.28±0.06a | |
| 黏粒含量Clay concentration (%) | 9.13±0.69b | 9.40±0.31b | 7.44±1.30b | 11.97±0.13a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 53.10±4.52a | 48.00±2.57a | 34.17±5.17b | 55.97±2.00a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 1.10±0.03a | 1.08±0.01a | 1.01±0.03a | 1.05±0.01a | |
| pH | 5.79±0.04b | 6.05±0.06a | 6.01±0.05ab | 6.07±0.04a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.50±0.06a | 1.13±0.09a | 1.07±0.07a | 1.07±0.22a | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 2.01±0.29a | 1.59±0.18a | 1.65±0.25a | 1.60±0.15a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 39.30±0.10b | 52.00±0.80a | 36.70±2.20b | 10.70±0.50c | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 12.60±1.80a | 9.00±1.10ab | 7.10±1.70b | 7.60±0.80b | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 16.10±4.20a | 16.80±7.10a | 24.40±7.80a | 10.70±4.20a | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.30±0.02a | 0.24±0.03ab | 0.17±0.02b | 0.18±0.03b | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.46±0.10a | 0.49±0.12a | 0.36±0.13a | 0.17±0.03a | |
| 20~30 | 土壤含水量Soil water content (%) | 21.31±1.45a | 18.43±2.26a | 21.82±1.65a | 23.53±0.76a |
| 容重Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 1.31±0.01a | 1.38±0.07a | 1.35±0.03a | 1.38±0.03a | |
| 黏粒含量Caly concentration (%) | 0.24±0.11b | 0.15±0.20b | 0.28±0.07b | 0.99±0.08a | |
| 粉粒含量Silt concentration (%) | 28.50±5.05b | 23.70±0.77b | 33.86±4.01b | 54.34±2.40a | |
| 团聚体平均重量直径Mean weight diameter (mm) | 0.99±0.03a | 0.92±0.01ab | 0.84±0.05b | 0.78±0.04b | |
| pH | 5.98±0.05a | 6.16±0.04a | 6.20±0.08a | 6.20±0.03a | |
| 全氮含量Total nitrogen concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.03±0.09a | 0.83±0.15a | 0.83±0.03a | 0.73±0.15a | |
| 全磷含量Total phosphorus concentration (mg·g-1) | 1.86±0.28a | 1.82±0.03a | 1.43±0.20a | 1.70±0.08a | |
| 速效磷含量Available phosphorus concentration (mg·kg-1) | 44.30±0.80b | 50.80±0.50a | 20.70±2.10c | 10.60±8.00d | |
| 铵态氮NH4+-N (mg·kg-1) | 21.10±9.50a | 12.70±5.80a | 7.60±1.20a | 6.40±0.40a | |
| 硝态氮NO3--N (mg·kg-1) | 29.20±11.40a | 31.60±21.60a | 17.10±5.90a | 13.20±3.70a | |
| 可溶性有机碳Dissolved organic carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.25±0.04a | 0.17±0.02a | 0.21±0.06a | 0.19±0.03a | |
| 微生物生物量碳Microbial biomass carbon (mg·g-1) | 0.24±0.06a | 0.33±0.06a | 0.35±0.11a | 0.08±0.01a |
退化程度 Degradation degree | 土层 Soil layer (cm) | 理论土壤有机碳增汇潜力 Theoretical potential of SOC increment (kg·m-2) |
|---|---|---|
轻度退化 Light degradation | 0~10 | 1.12±0.06Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.55±0.09ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.30±0.22Ba | |
| 0~30 | 1.97±0.32a | |
中度退化 Moderate degradation | 0~10 | 1.49±0.40Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.94±0.18ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.34±0.08Ba | |
| 0~30 | 2.78±0.61a | |
重度退化 Heavily degradation | 0~10 | 1.57±0.23Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.81±0.31ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.49±0.17Ba | |
| 0~30 | 2.86±0.35a |
Table 3 Theoretical soil organic carbon increment potential of alpine meadow with different degrees of degradation
退化程度 Degradation degree | 土层 Soil layer (cm) | 理论土壤有机碳增汇潜力 Theoretical potential of SOC increment (kg·m-2) |
|---|---|---|
轻度退化 Light degradation | 0~10 | 1.12±0.06Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.55±0.09ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.30±0.22Ba | |
| 0~30 | 1.97±0.32a | |
中度退化 Moderate degradation | 0~10 | 1.49±0.40Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.94±0.18ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.34±0.08Ba | |
| 0~30 | 2.78±0.61a | |
重度退化 Heavily degradation | 0~10 | 1.57±0.23Aa |
| 10~20 | 0.81±0.31ABa | |
| 20~30 | 0.49±0.17Ba | |
| 0~30 | 2.86±0.35a |
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