Welcome to Acta Prataculturae Sinica ! Today is

Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 151-164.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025326

Previous Articles    

Genetic diversity analysis and multi-trait evaluation of oat germplasm under different ecological conditions

Bo-hong ZHANG(), Xiang MA, Ze-liang JU, Lian-xue DUAN, Xiao-jun WANG, Zhi-feng JIA()   

  1. Qinghai University,Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary,Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,China
  • Received:2025-08-14 Revised:2025-09-29 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-05-21
  • Contact: Zhi-feng JIA

Abstract:

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is characterized by harsh climatic conditions and low primary productivity of natural pastures. Establishing artificial grasslands has become a key strategy to alleviate the conflict between forage availability and livestock demand. However, current artificial pastures face challenges such as limited varietal adaptability and narrow genetic diversity, which hinder the sustainable development of animal husbandry. There is an urgent need to identify high-yielding, high-quality oat (Avena sativa) germplasm adapted to alpine environments. In this study, 48 oat germplasm lines were evaluated under different ecological conditions for agronomic traits, forage yield, nutritional quality, and photosynthetic physiological parameters. Genetic diversity and multi-trait performance were assessed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making model. Results showed a high level of genetic diversity among the germplasm lines, with Shannon-Wiener indices ranging from 1.77 to 2.08. Structural equation modeling further revealed that genotype and plant height were the key determinants of relative feed value (RFV), with standardized total effects of 0.506 and -0.617, respectively. In terms of regional adaptability, the germplasm lines Qingyongjiu 178, 257, and 226 exhibited superior performance in Huangzhong District, while Qingyongjiu 486, 051, and 465 performed better in Guinan County. Notably, Qingyongjiu 160, 458, and 085 ranked highly in both locations, demonstrating broad adaptability. These elite germplasm resources identified in this study can be recommended as providing valuable genetic materials for the development of oat cultivars suitable for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and other alpine pastoral regions.

Key words: oat germplasm, ecological condition, genetic diversity, comprehensive evaluation, structural equation model