Abstract: Acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) was used to analyse the gliadin genetic variation among thirty-five wild accessions of Psathyrostachys juncea collected from Xinjiang in China, the Siberia region in Russia, and from Mongolia. 1) A total of 37 bands were obtained from the accessions and all were polymorphic; 2) The Dice genetic similarity coefficient of the tested materials ranged from 0-0.827 6, with a mean of 0.450 9. There was rich genetic polymorphism among the tested wild materials of P. juncea; 3) The 35 wild accessions can be divided into five groups and can be clustered with the same or similar eco-geographical origins. Results also showed some relationship between the patterns of gliadin bands and geographical distribution; 4) Genetic differentiations between and within groups were estimated by Shannon’s diversity index. The results showed H_t=0.579 6 and H_group=0.483 5, which indicated that 83.42% genetic variance existed within groups, and 16.58% genetic variance was between the groups. This might be related to the cross-pollinated breeding system of P. juncea. The results of the study will supply more information for germplasm resources, conservation and breeding of P. juncea.