Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 96-106.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020136
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Peng QI1,2,3(), Xiao-jiao WANG4(), Yi-ming YAO5, Xiao-long CHEN1, Jun WU1,2,3, Li-qun CAI1,2,3
Received:
2020-03-24
Revised:
2020-05-12
Online:
2021-01-20
Published:
2021-01-08
Contact:
Xiao-jiao WANG
Peng QI, Xiao-jiao WANG, Yi-ming YAO, Xiao-long CHEN, Jun WU, Li-qun CAI. Effects of different tillage practices and nitrogen application rate on carbon dioxide emissions and carbon balance in rain-fed maize crops[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(1): 96-106.
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 容重 Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus(mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) | pH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 1.21 | 7.63 | 0.85 | 1.89 | 13.30 | 349.60 | 8.40 |
5~10 | 1.23 | 7.46 | 0.81 | 1.92 | 11.90 | 330.20 | 8.30 |
10~30 | 1.32 | 6.93 | 0.78 | 1.82 | 4.90 | 244.00 | 8.40 |
Table 1 Soil chemical and physical properties
土层 Soil layer (cm) | 容重 Bulk density (g·cm-3) | 有机碳 Organic carbon (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 全磷 Total phosphorus (g·kg-1) | 速效磷 Available phosphorus(mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) | pH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0~5 | 1.21 | 7.63 | 0.85 | 1.89 | 13.30 | 349.60 | 8.40 |
5~10 | 1.23 | 7.46 | 0.81 | 1.92 | 11.90 | 330.20 | 8.30 |
10~30 | 1.32 | 6.93 | 0.78 | 1.82 | 4.90 | 244.00 | 8.40 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 土壤CO2排放速率 Soil CO2 flux (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 4.62±0.17a |
T2 | 4.61±0.21a | |
T3 | 4.42±0.32b | |
T4 | 4.52±0.42ab | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 4.51±0.58a |
N2 | 4.58±0.52a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量 T×N | ns |
Table 2 Daily average soil CO2 flux in different treatments of tillage and nitrogen application
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 土壤CO2排放速率 Soil CO2 flux (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 4.62±0.17a |
T2 | 4.61±0.21a | |
T3 | 4.42±0.32b | |
T4 | 4.52±0.42ab | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 4.51±0.58a |
N2 | 4.58±0.52a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量 T×N | ns |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 土壤CO2排放速率 Soil CO2 flux (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 3.91±0.23a |
T2 | 3.62±0.34b | |
T3 | 3.60±0.32b | |
T4 | 3.56±0.42b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 3.58±0.39b |
N2 | 3.77±0.27a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | * | |
耕作方式×施氮量 T×N | ns |
Table 3 Average soil CO2 flux during growth period in different treatments of tillage and nitrogen application
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 土壤CO2排放速率 Soil CO2 flux (μmol·m-2·s-1) |
---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 3.91±0.23a |
T2 | 3.62±0.34b | |
T3 | 3.60±0.32b | |
T4 | 3.56±0.42b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 3.58±0.39b |
N2 | 3.77±0.27a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | * | |
耕作方式×施氮量 T×N | ns |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 籽粒产量 Crop yield (kg·hm-2) | 总生物量 Total biomass (kg·hm-2) | 土壤碳排放量 CE (kg C·hm-2) | CEE (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 13025.73±907.56c | 29148.81±681.03bc | 7213.78±356.40a | 0.56±0.15a |
T2 | 13335.49±982.24b | 30212.85±989.40ab | 6620.62±427.06b | 0.50±0.16b | |
T3 | 13993.19±869.69a | 30763.54±825.62a | 6451.60±376.37b | 0.46±0.05b | |
T4 | 13078.00±375.38c | 29022.36±778.87c | 6436.87±218.47b | 0.49±0.06b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 13056.28±945.77a | 29316.00±963.63a | 6556.84±461.79b | 0.50±0.20a |
N2 | 13659.92±751.72a | 30257.77±816.82a | 6804.59±540.28a | 0.51±0.13a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | * | ** | ** | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | ns | * | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量T×N | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Table 4 Effects of crop yield and carbon emission efficiency in different treatments of tillage and nitrogen application
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 籽粒产量 Crop yield (kg·hm-2) | 总生物量 Total biomass (kg·hm-2) | 土壤碳排放量 CE (kg C·hm-2) | CEE (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
耕作方式 Tillage practice | T1 | 13025.73±907.56c | 29148.81±681.03bc | 7213.78±356.40a | 0.56±0.15a |
T2 | 13335.49±982.24b | 30212.85±989.40ab | 6620.62±427.06b | 0.50±0.16b | |
T3 | 13993.19±869.69a | 30763.54±825.62a | 6451.60±376.37b | 0.46±0.05b | |
T4 | 13078.00±375.38c | 29022.36±778.87c | 6436.87±218.47b | 0.49±0.06b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 13056.28±945.77a | 29316.00±963.63a | 6556.84±461.79b | 0.50±0.20a |
N2 | 13659.92±751.72a | 30257.77±816.82a | 6804.59±540.28a | 0.51±0.13a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | * | ** | ** | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | ns | * | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量T×N | ns | ns | ns | ns |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 碳固定量 NPP-C (kg C·hm-2) | 微生物呼吸 Rm-C (kg C·hm-2) | 净生态系统生产力 NEP-C (kg C·hm-2) | NPP-C/CE比值 NPP-C/CE ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
耕作方式Tillage practice | T1 | 13989.55±321.89bc | 6239.93±302.28a | 7749.63±396.25c | 1.94±0.06c |
T2 | 14489.12±571.92ab | 5726.84±369.40b | 8762.29±428.38b | 2.19±0.14b | |
T3 | 14781.00±386.29a | 5580.63±325.56b | 9200.37±254.26a | 2.30±0.07a | |
T4 | 13936.16±370.86c | 5567.89±188.98b | 8368.29±387.45b | 2.17±0.09b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 14066.84±513.54a | 5671.67±398.46a | 8395.17±412.21a | 2.15±0.18a |
N2 | 14531.08±561.07a | 5885.89±466.34a | 8645.11±487.35a | 2.14±0.15a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | ** | ** | ** | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | * | ns | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量T | ns | ns | ns | ns |
Table 5 The carbon balance of farmland system during the growth period in different treatments of tillage and nitrogen application
项目 Item | 处理 Treatments | 碳固定量 NPP-C (kg C·hm-2) | 微生物呼吸 Rm-C (kg C·hm-2) | 净生态系统生产力 NEP-C (kg C·hm-2) | NPP-C/CE比值 NPP-C/CE ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
耕作方式Tillage practice | T1 | 13989.55±321.89bc | 6239.93±302.28a | 7749.63±396.25c | 1.94±0.06c |
T2 | 14489.12±571.92ab | 5726.84±369.40b | 8762.29±428.38b | 2.19±0.14b | |
T3 | 14781.00±386.29a | 5580.63±325.56b | 9200.37±254.26a | 2.30±0.07a | |
T4 | 13936.16±370.86c | 5567.89±188.98b | 8368.29±387.45b | 2.17±0.09b | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate | N1 | 14066.84±513.54a | 5671.67±398.46a | 8395.17±412.21a | 2.15±0.18a |
N2 | 14531.08±561.07a | 5885.89±466.34a | 8645.11±487.35a | 2.14±0.15a | |
耕作方式 Tillage practice (T) | * | ** | ** | ** | |
施氮量 Nitrogen application rate (N) | ns | * | ns | ns | |
耕作方式×施氮量T | ns | ns | ns | ns |
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