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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 137-146.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020359

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A study of the appropriate seeding rates for four winter green manure crops in an upland red soil of Southern China

Xiao-fen CHEN1(), Lu-ping ZHANG2, Wen-jing QIN1, Jing-rui CHEN1, Yang-geng XU3, Ming LIU4, Zhong-pei LI4, Chang-xu XU1, Jia LIU1()   

  1. 1.National Engineering & Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement,Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China
    2.National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land,Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    3.Plant Protection and Inspection Station of Yujiang District,Yingtan City,Yingtan 335200,China
    4.Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China
  • Received:2020-07-28 Revised:2020-10-10 Online:2021-09-16 Published:2021-09-16
  • Contact: Jia LIU

Abstract:

This research studied effects of seeding rate in four winter green manure crops: Vulpia myurosVicia villosaBrassica napus and Raphanus sativus, sown in a field trial in an upland red soil. The trial included five seeding rate treatments: 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 kg·ha-1. The effects of the different seeding rates on aboveground biomass, nutrient contents and nutrient accumulations of the tested varieties were investigated to determine the appropriate seeding rates of the four winter green manures, and to provide the relevant technical information for increasing soil fertility by green manure planting, so as to ensure sustainable agricultural development in the red soil region. It was found that the aboveground biomass (fresh and dry weight) of the four winter green manures followed a pattern of increase with increasing seeding rate at lower seeding rates and then decreased or tended to be stable at higher seeding rates. The biomass of V.myuros was highest when sown at the seeding rate of 30 kg·ha-1, while biomass of the other three crops was highest when sown at 60 kg·ha-1. Seeding rates significantly affected elemental concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium of the various green manure crops. Also, particular nutrient elements of different green manure crops responded differently to crop seeding rate. The nutrient accumulation of the four green manure crops increased with increasing seeding rate at lower seeding rates, and decreased at higher seeding rates. From multivariate evaluation of biomass and nutrient accumulation and based on regression equations, the appropriate seeding rates of V. myurosV. villosaB. napus and R. sativus in upland red soil under this experimental condition were 30.7-32.7 kg·ha-1, 50.4-63.4 kg·ha-1, 53.5-61.4 kg·ha-1 and 63.0-80.1 kg·ha-1, respectively.

Key words: winter green manure, seeding rate, biomass, plant nutrient content, plant nutrient accumulation