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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 129-142.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021049

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Comparison of production performance and forage quality of ten introduced oat varieties in Hulunbuir, China

Wei ZHANG1(), Qing-ping ZHOU1, You-jun CHEN1(), Jing PAN1, Xiao-ming JIN2, Wan-bin SUN3, Zhi-feng JIA4   

  1. 1.Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Collaborative Innovation Center for Ecological Animal Husbandry of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Chengdu 610041,China
    2.School of Life Science,Hulunbuir University,Hulunbuir 021008,China
    3.School of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    4.Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China
  • Received:2021-02-02 Revised:2021-07-05 Online:2021-11-11 Published:2021-11-11
  • Contact: You-jun CHEN

Abstract:

In order to identify oat varieties best suited for cultivation in the Hulunbuir region, 10 oat varieties (Qingyan No.1, Qinghai No. 444, Jiayan No. 2, Qingyin No. 1, Linna, Qinghai sweet oat, Qingyin No. 2, Monica, Qingyou No. 3, and Fine horse) were trialed in the field and their forage and grain yields and nutritional composition were measured. Relative forage value and roughage grading index scores were used to evaluate and rank the forage quality and grey correlation analysis was used to derive a multivariate ranking of production performance. It was found that the time to maturity of the ten oat varieties ranged from 73 to 88 days. All matured early in Hulunbuir. Among the varieties, measured at the flowering stage, Qinghai No.444 was the tallest (113 cm, P<0.05), had the highest yield of fresh herbage (36620 kg·ha-1P<0.05), and had the highest hay yield (9990 kg·ha-1P<0.05). The growth time to maturity, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, plant diameter, and spike length was all significantly positively correlated with forage yield (P<0.01), while the leaf∶stem ratio and dry∶fresh weight ratio were extremely negatively correlated with forage yield (P<0.01). Qingyin No.1 had the highest grain yield (5439 kg·ha-1); this was not significantly different from Jiayan No. 2 (P>0.05), but was significantly higher than other varieties (P<0.05). Growth duration, plant height, stem diameter, spike length, round layers and thousand grain weight were all significantly positively correlated with grain yield (P<0.01), while spikelet number was negatively correlated with grain yield (P<0.01). With respect to forage quality, Qingyin No.1 had the highest ether extract content at the milk stage (P<0.05) and the highest crude protein and ash contents at the heading stage (P<0.05), while Qingyin No. 2 had the highest dry matter content at the heading stage (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis of production performance, nutritive value and forage value concluded that Qingyin No.1, Jiayan No.2 and Qinghai No.444 had superior production performance and higher nutritional quality and forage value, and can therefore be recommended for planting in the Hulunbuir region.

Key words: Hulunbuir, oat, production performance, nutritional quality, grey correlation analysis