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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 112-124.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023113

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Characteristics and driving factors of lactic acid bacteria communities in silage made from alfalfa in different regions of Gansu Province

Ying TANG(), Xiao-jing LIU(), Ya-jiao ZHAO, Lin DONG   

  1. College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory Pratacultural Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-US Center for Grassland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2023-04-11 Revised:2023-06-14 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2023-12-12
  • Contact: Xiao-jing LIU

Abstract:

There is an overall goal to enhance the community structure and quality of alfalfa silage across diverse geographical regions, so it is important to identify the factors that influence these characteristics. In this study, we used single molecule real-time sequencing to comprehensively analyze the lactic acid bacteria communities in silage made from alfalfa grown in different areas of Gansu Province. It was found that the lactic acidbacteria communities in silage showed regional distribution patterns. In silage made from alfalfa grown in the arid and irrigated region of Hexi, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was the dominant species. In silage made from alfalfa grown in the arid and semi-arid rain-fed regions of Longzhong and Longdong, L. plantarumLactobacillus rhamnosus, and Pediococcus pentosaceus were the main species present. In silage made from alfalfa grown in areas with abundant rain and a humid climate, the Lactobacillus community was dominated by Pediococcus acidilactici and P. pentosaceus. In silage made from alfalfa grown in high-altitude cold regions, the Lactobacillus community was dominated by L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus. A redundancy analysis showed that the epiphytic lactic acid bacteria communities had the greatest influence on the lactic acidbacteria communities in alfalfa silage (88.27%), among which Lactobacillus and Pediococcus played the main roles. The environmental factors were ranked from strongest influence on alfalfa epiphytic lactic acid bacteria to weakest, as follows: annual average temperature>annual average precipitation>average relative humidity>annual average sunshine duration>elevation>latitude>longitude. In conclusion, the composition and abundance of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria in alfalfa was affected by the temperature and precipitation conditions, and this affected the composition of lactic acid bacteria communities in alfalfa silage. Therefore, regional climatic conditions are the driving factor affecting the regional distribution pattern of lactic acid bacterial communities in alfalfa silage, because they determine the types of naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria on alfalfa plants.

Key words: Gansu, alfalfa, silage, characteristics of lactic acid bacteria communities, driving factor, association analysis