Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 216-228.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022350
Cong-ze JIANG1,2,3(), Na SHOU1,2,3, Wei GAO1,2,3, Ren-shi MA1,2,3, Yu-ying SHEN1,2,3, Xian-long YANG1,2,3()
Received:
2022-08-30
Revised:
2022-11-28
Online:
2023-07-20
Published:
2023-05-26
Contact:
Xian-long YANG
Cong-ze JIANG, Na SHOU, Wei GAO, Ren-shi MA, Yu-ying SHEN, Xian-long YANG. A multivariate evaluation of production performance and nutritional quality of different varieties of silage maize in the dry plateau area of Longdong[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(7): 216-228.
Fig.1 Monthly precipitation and average monthly temperature in 2021 and monthly average precipitation and average temperature in multi-years (2001-2021) at the experiment field
品种 Variety | 发芽率 Germination percentage | 发芽势 Germination energy | 来源 Sources of varieties |
---|---|---|---|
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 94.0b | 91.0ab | 北京佰青源畜牧业科技发展有限公司 Beijing Baiqingyuan Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 96.0ab | 88.0b | 辽宁东亚种业有限公司Liaoning Dongya Seed Co., Ltd. |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 99.0a | 94.0ab | 辽宁东亚种业有限公司 Liaoning Dongya Seed Co., Ltd. |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 98.0ab | 95.0ab | 北京屯玉种业有限责任公司Beijing Tunyu Co., Ltd. |
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 100.0a | 95.0ab | 北京大京九农业开发有限公司Beijing Dajingjiu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 99.0a | 98.0a | 北京中农绿桥科技有限公司Beijing Zhongnong Green Bridge Technology Co., Ltd. |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 100.0a | 96.0ab | 河南秋丰农业科技有限公司Henan Qiufeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 99.0a | 93.0ab | 北京顺鑫农科种业科技有限公司Beijing Shunxin Nongke Seed Technology Co., Ltd. |
Table 1 Germination percentage, germination energy and seed sources of the 8 silage maize varieties used in this study (%)
品种 Variety | 发芽率 Germination percentage | 发芽势 Germination energy | 来源 Sources of varieties |
---|---|---|---|
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 94.0b | 91.0ab | 北京佰青源畜牧业科技发展有限公司 Beijing Baiqingyuan Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co., Ltd. |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 96.0ab | 88.0b | 辽宁东亚种业有限公司Liaoning Dongya Seed Co., Ltd. |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 99.0a | 94.0ab | 辽宁东亚种业有限公司 Liaoning Dongya Seed Co., Ltd. |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 98.0ab | 95.0ab | 北京屯玉种业有限责任公司Beijing Tunyu Co., Ltd. |
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 100.0a | 95.0ab | 北京大京九农业开发有限公司Beijing Dajingjiu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 99.0a | 98.0a | 北京中农绿桥科技有限公司Beijing Zhongnong Green Bridge Technology Co., Ltd. |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 100.0a | 96.0ab | 河南秋丰农业科技有限公司Henan Qiufeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 99.0a | 93.0ab | 北京顺鑫农科种业科技有限公司Beijing Shunxin Nongke Seed Technology Co., Ltd. |
品种 Variety | 生育时期 Growth stages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
播种期 Sowing stage (月-日 Month-day) | 出苗期 Emergence stage (月-日Month-day) | 拔节期 Elongation stage (月-日Month-day) | 抽穗期 Heading stage (月-日Month-day) | 开花期 Flowering stage (月-日Month-day) | 乳熟期 Milk stage (月-日Month-day) | 收获期 Harvesting date (月-日Month-day) | 生长天数 Growth days (d) | |
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-22 | 07-19 | 07-23 | 08-18 | 09-01 | 136 |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-15 | 07-23 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-16 | 07-20 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-16 | 07-20 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-18 | 07-23 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-09 | 07-15 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-09 | 07-15 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-22 | 07-09 | 07-18 | 08-18 | 09-01 | 136 |
Table 2 The growth stage of different silage maize varieties
品种 Variety | 生育时期 Growth stages | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
播种期 Sowing stage (月-日 Month-day) | 出苗期 Emergence stage (月-日Month-day) | 拔节期 Elongation stage (月-日Month-day) | 抽穗期 Heading stage (月-日Month-day) | 开花期 Flowering stage (月-日Month-day) | 乳熟期 Milk stage (月-日Month-day) | 收获期 Harvesting date (月-日Month-day) | 生长天数 Growth days (d) | |
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-22 | 07-19 | 07-23 | 08-18 | 09-01 | 136 |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-15 | 07-23 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-16 | 07-20 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-16 | 07-20 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-18 | 07-23 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-09 | 07-15 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-20 | 07-09 | 07-15 | 08-14 | 09-01 | 136 |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 04-17 | 05-06 | 05-22 | 07-09 | 07-18 | 08-18 | 09-01 | 136 |
品种 Variety | 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield (t·hm-2) | 干草产量 Hay grass yield (t·hm-2) | 粗蛋白产量 Crude protein yield (t·hm-2) | 干鲜比 Dry/fresh | 茎比重 Stem proportion (%) | 叶比重 Leaf proportion (%) | 穗比重 Ear proportion (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 81.8±1.9a | 24.8±0.6bc | 1.67ab | 0.30c | 43.2±10.5a | 9.4±0.8ab | 47.5±10.9bc |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 80.2±1.6a | 21.1±0.4d | 1.36c | 0.26e | 37.7±1.4ab | 10.3±0.5a | 52.0±1.5abc |
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 78.9±2.5ab | 23.2±0.7cd | 1.75a | 0.29d | 42.7±9.1a | 8.4±0.5ab | 48.8±9.1bc |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 78.1±2.1ab | 23.3±0.6bcd | 1.67ab | 0.30c | 32.3±1.8ab | 8.8±0.3ab | 58.9±1.8abc |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 80.7±1.7a | 21.3±0.5d | 1.47bc | 0.26e | 45.6±3.3a | 9.1±1.1ab | 45.3±4.2c |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 73.0±1.7bc | 29.0±0.7a | 1.85a | 0.40a | 27.5±3.2ab | 7.1±0.9b | 65.4±2.9ab |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 65.3±2.0d | 12.8±0.4e | 0.76d | 0.20f | 31.8±4.3ab | 9.3±1.3ab | 58.9±5.7abc |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 68.2±2.8cd | 25.3±1.0b | 1.38c | 0.37b | 23.9±1.6b | 6.8±0.8b | 69.3±0.8a |
Table 3 Production performance of different silage maize varieties
品种 Variety | 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield (t·hm-2) | 干草产量 Hay grass yield (t·hm-2) | 粗蛋白产量 Crude protein yield (t·hm-2) | 干鲜比 Dry/fresh | 茎比重 Stem proportion (%) | 叶比重 Leaf proportion (%) | 穗比重 Ear proportion (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 81.8±1.9a | 24.8±0.6bc | 1.67ab | 0.30c | 43.2±10.5a | 9.4±0.8ab | 47.5±10.9bc |
东单60号Dongdan No.60 | 80.2±1.6a | 21.1±0.4d | 1.36c | 0.26e | 37.7±1.4ab | 10.3±0.5a | 52.0±1.5abc |
文玉3号Wenyu No.3 | 78.9±2.5ab | 23.2±0.7cd | 1.75a | 0.29d | 42.7±9.1a | 8.4±0.5ab | 48.8±9.1bc |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 78.1±2.1ab | 23.3±0.6bcd | 1.67ab | 0.30c | 32.3±1.8ab | 8.8±0.3ab | 58.9±1.8abc |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 80.7±1.7a | 21.3±0.5d | 1.47bc | 0.26e | 45.6±3.3a | 9.1±1.1ab | 45.3±4.2c |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 73.0±1.7bc | 29.0±0.7a | 1.85a | 0.40a | 27.5±3.2ab | 7.1±0.9b | 65.4±2.9ab |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 65.3±2.0d | 12.8±0.4e | 0.76d | 0.20f | 31.8±4.3ab | 9.3±1.3ab | 58.9±5.7abc |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 68.2±2.8cd | 25.3±1.0b | 1.38c | 0.37b | 23.9±1.6b | 6.8±0.8b | 69.3±0.8a |
品种 Variety | 耗水量 Evapotranspiration (mm) | 干物质水分利用效率 Dry matter water use efficiency (kg·hm-2·mm-1) | 氮肥偏生产力 Nitrogen partial productivity (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 378.8a | 65.5bc | 137.8bc |
东单60号 Dongdan No.60 | 389.6a | 54.2d | 117.4d |
文玉3号 Wenyu No.3 | 386.5a | 59.9c | 128.7cd |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 370.6ab | 62.8bc | 129.3bcd |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 347.6b | 61.2bc | 118.2d |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 377.1a | 77.0a | 161.2a |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 363.6ab | 35.3e | 71.3e |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 382.3a | 66.2b | 140.6b |
Table 4 Evapotranspiration, water use efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of different silage maize varieties
品种 Variety | 耗水量 Evapotranspiration (mm) | 干物质水分利用效率 Dry matter water use efficiency (kg·hm-2·mm-1) | 氮肥偏生产力 Nitrogen partial productivity (kg·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|
豫青贮23 Yu silage 23 | 378.8a | 65.5bc | 137.8bc |
东单60号 Dongdan No.60 | 389.6a | 54.2d | 117.4d |
文玉3号 Wenyu No.3 | 386.5a | 59.9c | 128.7cd |
京科青贮516 Jingke silage 516 | 370.6ab | 62.8bc | 129.3bcd |
中科甜928 Zhongketian 928 | 347.6b | 61.2bc | 118.2d |
东科301 Dongke 301 | 377.1a | 77.0a | 161.2a |
屯玉808 Tunyu 808 | 363.6ab | 35.3e | 71.3e |
京科301 Jingke 301 | 382.3a | 66.2b | 140.6b |
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