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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 216-228.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022350

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A multivariate evaluation of production performance and nutritional quality of different varieties of silage maize in the dry plateau area of Longdong

Cong-ze JIANG1,2,3(), Na SHOU1,2,3, Wei GAO1,2,3, Ren-shi MA1,2,3, Yu-ying SHEN1,2,3, Xian-long YANG1,2,3()   

  1. 1.College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    3.National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Grassland Agro-ecosystems in Gansu Qingyang,Qingyang 745004,China
  • Received:2022-08-30 Revised:2022-11-28 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-05-26
  • Contact: Xian-long YANG

Abstract:

In order to select silage maize (Zea mays) varieties suitable for cultivation in the Longdong dry plateau area, the agronomic performance, nutrient content and water and nitrogen (N) utilization of eight silage maize varieties were compared using a field experiment, and their comprehensive performance data were quantitatively evaluated using Grey correlation analysis. The results showed significant varietal differences for the main agronomic traits of silage maize (P<0.05). The variety with the highest plant height and greatest leaf length was Yu silage 23 (299.6 and 83.3 cm, respectively); the variety with the greatest stem diameter was Dongdan No.60 (29.5 mm); the variety with the greatest leaf width was Jingke silage 516 (9.6 cm); the variety with the largest single plant fresh weight was Zhongketian 928 (1147.1 g·plant-1), and the variety with the largest single plant dry weight was Jingke silage 516 (341.1 g·plant-1). In terms of yield traits, the varieties with fresh yield exceeding 80 t·ha-1 were Yu silage 23, Dongdan No.60 and Zhongketian 928, while Dongke 301 had the highest hay yield (29.0 t·ha-1) and crude protein yield (1.85 t·ha-1). In terms of nutritional quality, the variety with the highest whole plant crude protein content was Wenyu No.3 (7.42%), while the variety with the highest crude ash content was Zhongketian 928 (4.58%). Jingke 301 had the lowest neutral detergent fiber (28.87%) and acid detergent fiber (12.63%) contents. In terms of water and N resource use, Dongke 301 had the highest dry matter water use efficiency (77.0 kg·ha-1·mm-1) and partial productivity of N fertilizer (161.2 kg·kg-1). The grey correlation analysis showed that both the equal-weighted correlation and weighted correlation provided similar results and indicated that Yu silage 23, Wenyu No.3 and Dongke 301 had advantages of high yield, enhanced quality and water and N resources utilization. Thus, the three varieties can be recommended for cultivation in the Longdong dry Plateau area.

Key words: dry Plateau area of Longdong, silage maize, crop yield, nutritional quality, grey correlation analysis