Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 107-119.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024353
Wen-yan MA1,2(
), Jie-dong LI1,2, Zhen-lei ZHOU1,2, Dong CAO2, Bao-long LIU2, Huai-gang ZHANG2, Dong-xia WANG1(
)
Received:2024-09-23
Revised:2025-01-09
Online:2025-10-20
Published:2025-07-11
Contact:
Dong-xia WANG
Wen-yan MA, Jie-dong LI, Zhen-lei ZHOU, Dong CAO, Bao-long LIU, Huai-gang ZHANG, Dong-xia WANG. Effects of interactions among fertilizer, water retention agent, and seeding rate on the yield production performance of oat (Avena sativa)[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(10): 107-119.
处理组合 Treatment combination | 因素 Element | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |||
| N | P2O5 | K2O | |||
| A1B1C1 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 87.15 |
| A1B2C2 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 122.10 |
| A1B3C3 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 157.05 |
| A2B1C2 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 122.10 |
| A2B2C3 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 157.05 |
| A2B3C1 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 87.15 |
| A3B1C3 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 157.05 |
| A3B2C1 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 87.15 |
| A3B3C2 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 122.10 |
Table 1 Experimental design scheme (kg·hm-2)
处理组合 Treatment combination | 因素 Element | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | B | C | |||
| N | P2O5 | K2O | |||
| A1B1C1 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 87.15 |
| A1B2C2 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 122.10 |
| A1B3C3 | 44.00 | 83.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 157.05 |
| A2B1C2 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 122.10 |
| A2B2C3 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 157.05 |
| A2B3C1 | 44.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 87.15 |
| A3B1C3 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 60.00 | 157.05 |
| A3B2C1 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 75.00 | 87.15 |
| A3B3C2 | 89.00 | 41.00 | 41.00 | 90.00 | 122.10 |
| 指标 Index | A1 | A2 | A3 | B1 | B2 | B3 | C1 | C2 | C3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苗数 Number of seedlings (万苗Ten thousand seedling·hm-2) | 324.63±14.16a | 360.95±26.13a | 318.33±18.96a | 321.67±17.79a | 330.93±22.94a | 351.31±21.79a | 350.94±20.89a | 323.15±18.35a | 329.82±23.43a |
| 茎数 Number of stems (万茎Ten thousand stems·hm-2) | 499.92±16.30ab | 485.83±9.20b | 532.90±17.19a | 508.07±20.75a | 494.36±11.18a | 516.21±14.34a | 473.60±13.37b | 510.29±15.72ab | 534.75±11.37a |
| 穗数 Panicle number (万穗Ten thousand ears·hm-2) | 445.26±17.90a | 437.31±17.04a | 441.37±21.81a | 429.52±15.45b | 436.00±21.99b | 458.44±17.62a | 397.65±15.82b | 452.68±17.64a | 473.62±12.01a |
| 分蘖成穗率 Percentage of tillering to head (%) | 0.89±0.03a | 0.90±0.02a | 0.83±0.03a | 0.85±0.03a | 0.88±0.03a | 0.89±0.02a | 0.84±0.03a | 0.89±0.02a | 0.89±0.03a |
| 单株粒数 Number of grains per plant (粒·株-1 Grain·plant-1) | 43.87±3.12a | 45.11±4.50a | 37.64±3.80a | 40.29±3.78a | 43.86±3.64a | 42.47±4.49a | 50.06±4.30a | 39.97±2.38ab | 36.59±3.46b |
| 第二节长 Second section length (cm) | 24.51±0.91ab | 23.90±0.55b | 27.11±1.16a | 25.62±1.26a | 25.17±0.91a | 24.73±0.86a | 24.80±1.15a | 24.49±0.73a | 26.23±1.07a |
| 第三节长 Third section length (cm) | 46.49±1.24a | 47.19±1.11a | 49.69±1.85a | 48.49±1.39a | 46.68±1.18a | 48.20±1.83a | 48.38±1.20a | 46.40±1.45a | 48.59±1.74a |
| 穗下节长Subear length (cm) | 47.87±1.07a | 49.84±2.00a | 47.29±1.02a | 47.31±1.03a | 48.13±1.32a | 49.56±1.87a | 51.13±1.61a | 47.47±1.19ab | 46.40±1.03b |
| 穗长Panicle length (cm) | 17.22±0.44a | 17.96±0.61a | 17.42±0.30a | 17.98±0.42a | 16.60±0.36a | 18.02±0.48a | 18.22±0.47a | 17.24±0.49a | 17.13±0.38a |
| 株高Plant height (cm) | 117.98±1.53a | 118.38±2.74a | 118.31±2.80a | 116.38±2.06a | 118.58±2.51a | 119.71±2.53a | 121.13±2.13a | 118.07±2.35a | 115.47±2.38a |
| 穗位高Ear height (cm) | 100.76±1.48a | 100.42±2.32a | 100.80±2.75a | 98.40±1.80a | 101.98±2.44a | 101.69±2.23a | 102.91±2.14a | 100.82±2.13a | 98.33±2.16a |
| 重心高度 Height of center of gravity (cm) | 40.76±1.57a | 39.33±1.39a | 39.76±1.17a | 38.71±1.27a | 39.58±0.95a | 41.56±1.68a | 39.76±1.68a | 39.84±1.09a | 40.24±1.35a |
| 茎粗Thick stem (mm) | 4.30±0.08a | 4.19±0.12a | 4.46±0.06a | 4.43±0.10a | 4.18±0.08a | 4.33±0.10a | 4.41±0.10a | 4.24±0.08a | 4.29±0.11a |
| 茎壁厚Stem wall thickness (mm) | 1.03±0.04a | 0.92±0.05a | 1.01±0.05a | 1.02±0.05a | 0.94±0.05a | 1.00±0.05a | 1.04±0.04a | 0.95±0.04a | 0.98±0.06a |
| 倒伏率Lodging rate (%) | 0.49±0.08a | 0.71±0.08a | 0.66±0.09a | 0.51±0.12a | 0.65±0.07a | 0.70±0.06a | 0.54±0.11a | 0.68±0.07a | 0.63±0.08a |
Table 2 Effects of fertilizer, water retaining agent and seeding amount on population and plant characters of oat
| 指标 Index | A1 | A2 | A3 | B1 | B2 | B3 | C1 | C2 | C3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苗数 Number of seedlings (万苗Ten thousand seedling·hm-2) | 324.63±14.16a | 360.95±26.13a | 318.33±18.96a | 321.67±17.79a | 330.93±22.94a | 351.31±21.79a | 350.94±20.89a | 323.15±18.35a | 329.82±23.43a |
| 茎数 Number of stems (万茎Ten thousand stems·hm-2) | 499.92±16.30ab | 485.83±9.20b | 532.90±17.19a | 508.07±20.75a | 494.36±11.18a | 516.21±14.34a | 473.60±13.37b | 510.29±15.72ab | 534.75±11.37a |
| 穗数 Panicle number (万穗Ten thousand ears·hm-2) | 445.26±17.90a | 437.31±17.04a | 441.37±21.81a | 429.52±15.45b | 436.00±21.99b | 458.44±17.62a | 397.65±15.82b | 452.68±17.64a | 473.62±12.01a |
| 分蘖成穗率 Percentage of tillering to head (%) | 0.89±0.03a | 0.90±0.02a | 0.83±0.03a | 0.85±0.03a | 0.88±0.03a | 0.89±0.02a | 0.84±0.03a | 0.89±0.02a | 0.89±0.03a |
| 单株粒数 Number of grains per plant (粒·株-1 Grain·plant-1) | 43.87±3.12a | 45.11±4.50a | 37.64±3.80a | 40.29±3.78a | 43.86±3.64a | 42.47±4.49a | 50.06±4.30a | 39.97±2.38ab | 36.59±3.46b |
| 第二节长 Second section length (cm) | 24.51±0.91ab | 23.90±0.55b | 27.11±1.16a | 25.62±1.26a | 25.17±0.91a | 24.73±0.86a | 24.80±1.15a | 24.49±0.73a | 26.23±1.07a |
| 第三节长 Third section length (cm) | 46.49±1.24a | 47.19±1.11a | 49.69±1.85a | 48.49±1.39a | 46.68±1.18a | 48.20±1.83a | 48.38±1.20a | 46.40±1.45a | 48.59±1.74a |
| 穗下节长Subear length (cm) | 47.87±1.07a | 49.84±2.00a | 47.29±1.02a | 47.31±1.03a | 48.13±1.32a | 49.56±1.87a | 51.13±1.61a | 47.47±1.19ab | 46.40±1.03b |
| 穗长Panicle length (cm) | 17.22±0.44a | 17.96±0.61a | 17.42±0.30a | 17.98±0.42a | 16.60±0.36a | 18.02±0.48a | 18.22±0.47a | 17.24±0.49a | 17.13±0.38a |
| 株高Plant height (cm) | 117.98±1.53a | 118.38±2.74a | 118.31±2.80a | 116.38±2.06a | 118.58±2.51a | 119.71±2.53a | 121.13±2.13a | 118.07±2.35a | 115.47±2.38a |
| 穗位高Ear height (cm) | 100.76±1.48a | 100.42±2.32a | 100.80±2.75a | 98.40±1.80a | 101.98±2.44a | 101.69±2.23a | 102.91±2.14a | 100.82±2.13a | 98.33±2.16a |
| 重心高度 Height of center of gravity (cm) | 40.76±1.57a | 39.33±1.39a | 39.76±1.17a | 38.71±1.27a | 39.58±0.95a | 41.56±1.68a | 39.76±1.68a | 39.84±1.09a | 40.24±1.35a |
| 茎粗Thick stem (mm) | 4.30±0.08a | 4.19±0.12a | 4.46±0.06a | 4.43±0.10a | 4.18±0.08a | 4.33±0.10a | 4.41±0.10a | 4.24±0.08a | 4.29±0.11a |
| 茎壁厚Stem wall thickness (mm) | 1.03±0.04a | 0.92±0.05a | 1.01±0.05a | 1.02±0.05a | 0.94±0.05a | 1.00±0.05a | 1.04±0.04a | 0.95±0.04a | 0.98±0.06a |
| 倒伏率Lodging rate (%) | 0.49±0.08a | 0.71±0.08a | 0.66±0.09a | 0.51±0.12a | 0.65±0.07a | 0.70±0.06a | 0.54±0.11a | 0.68±0.07a | 0.63±0.08a |
| 指标 Index | A1B1C1 | A1B2C2 | A1B3C3 | A2B1C2 | A2B2C3 | A2B3C1 | A3B1C3 | A3B2C1 | A3B3C2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苗数Number of seedlings (万苗 Ten thousand seedlings·hm-2) | 337.97±16.40a | 291.28±12.02a | 344.64±31.37a | 344.64±28.60a | 362.43±39.15a | 375.77±35.37a | 282.38±16.85a | 339.08±26.43a | 333.53±24.30a |
| 茎数Number of stems (万茎Ten thousand stems·hm-2) | 471.38±38.24c | 500.29±27.16abc | 528.08±13.66abc | 481.39±22.48bc | 504.73±7.29abc | 471.36±12.80c | 571.44±12.82a | 478.05±22.48bc | 549.20±22.32ab |
| 穗数 Panicle number (万穗 Ten thousand ears·hm-2) | 402.45±4.77d | 441.36±27.95cd | 533.64±8.08a | 489.17±13.19abc | 490.28±11.65abc | 462.49±32.39bcd | 446.92±20.60bcd | 394.67±32.61d | 515.85±24.34ab |
| 分蘖成穗率 Percentage of tillering to head (%) | 0.83±0.02cd | 0.88±0.04bcd | 0.97±0.02a | 0.92±0.02ab | 0.80±0.05d | 0.82±0.01cd | 0.82±0.06cd | 0.82±0.04cd | 0.91±0.11abc |
| 单株粒数 Number of grains per plant (粒·株-1 Grains·plant-1) | 61.93±1.43a | 59.93±1.85ab | 59.80±0.72ab | 59.07±2.56ab | 58.40±0.76ab | 59.67±2.15ab | 43.53±0.95c | 54.00±2.87b | 58.47±3.43ab |
| 第二节长Second section length (cm) | 22.80±1.51b | 24.60±1.25ab | 26.13±0.76ab | 24.67±0.94ab | 23.17±0.77b | 23.87±1.37b | 29.40±1.24a | 27.73±1.67ab | 24.20±1.54b |
| 第三节长Third section length (cm) | 45.53±1.85a | 45.40±1.79a | 48.53±1.61a | 47.33±1.51a | 44.63±1.12a | 49.60±2.86a | 52.60±1.52a | 50.00±1.96a | 46.47±2.39a |
| 穗下节长Subear length (cm) | 49.20±1.38ab | 47.27±1.64ab | 47.13±0.98ab | 47.93±0.96ab | 47.27±1.63ab | 54.33±2.62a | 44.80±1.14b | 49.87±1.60ab | 47.20±1.42ab |
| 穗长Panicle length (cm) | 18.27±0.51ab | 16.40±0.57b | 17.00±0.52b | 17.80±0.57ab | 16.53±0.75b | 19.53±0.79a | 17.87±0.36ab | 16.87±0.66b | 17.53±0.56ab |
| 株高Plant height (cm) | 117.20±2.07a | 119.07±1.34a | 117.67±1.84a | 117.33±2.08a | 114.13±2.63a | 123.67±3.83a | 114.60±1.97a | 122.53±2.15a | 117.80±3.32a |
| 穗位高Ear height (cm) | 98.93±2.13a | 102.67±1.38a | 100.67±1.74a | 99.53±1.77a | 97.60±2.36a | 104.13±3.56a | 96.73±2.00a | 105.67±2.25a | 100.27±3.11a |
| 重心高度Height of center of gravity (cm) | 39.87±1.68a | 38.87±1.48a | 43.53±1.82a | 38.87±1.13a | 39.80±1.24a | 39.33±2.35a | 37.40±1.35a | 40.07±1.92a | 41.80±1.39a |
| 茎粗Thick stem (mm) | 4.54±0.15ab | 4.14±0.11ab | 4.21±0.10ab | 4.15±0.13ab | 4.05±0.12b | 4.36±0.16ab | 4.59±0.08a | 4.34±0.14ab | 4.44±0.14ab |
| 茎壁厚Stem wall thickness (mm) | 1.08±0.06a | 0.99±0.05a | 1.01±0.10a | 0.90±0.07a | 0.83±0.08a | 1.03±0.07a | 1.10±0.06a | 1.00±0.07a | 0.94±0.06a |
| 倒伏率Lodging rate (%) | 0.22±0.15b | 0.57±0.07ab | 0.68±0.03ab | 0.76±0.14a | 0.66±0.16ab | 0.70±0.18a | 0.55±0.22ab | 0.72±0.14a | 0.72±0.13a |
Table 3 Effects of fertilizer, water retaining agent and sowing amount treatment combination on oat population and plant traits
| 指标 Index | A1B1C1 | A1B2C2 | A1B3C3 | A2B1C2 | A2B2C3 | A2B3C1 | A3B1C3 | A3B2C1 | A3B3C2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 苗数Number of seedlings (万苗 Ten thousand seedlings·hm-2) | 337.97±16.40a | 291.28±12.02a | 344.64±31.37a | 344.64±28.60a | 362.43±39.15a | 375.77±35.37a | 282.38±16.85a | 339.08±26.43a | 333.53±24.30a |
| 茎数Number of stems (万茎Ten thousand stems·hm-2) | 471.38±38.24c | 500.29±27.16abc | 528.08±13.66abc | 481.39±22.48bc | 504.73±7.29abc | 471.36±12.80c | 571.44±12.82a | 478.05±22.48bc | 549.20±22.32ab |
| 穗数 Panicle number (万穗 Ten thousand ears·hm-2) | 402.45±4.77d | 441.36±27.95cd | 533.64±8.08a | 489.17±13.19abc | 490.28±11.65abc | 462.49±32.39bcd | 446.92±20.60bcd | 394.67±32.61d | 515.85±24.34ab |
| 分蘖成穗率 Percentage of tillering to head (%) | 0.83±0.02cd | 0.88±0.04bcd | 0.97±0.02a | 0.92±0.02ab | 0.80±0.05d | 0.82±0.01cd | 0.82±0.06cd | 0.82±0.04cd | 0.91±0.11abc |
| 单株粒数 Number of grains per plant (粒·株-1 Grains·plant-1) | 61.93±1.43a | 59.93±1.85ab | 59.80±0.72ab | 59.07±2.56ab | 58.40±0.76ab | 59.67±2.15ab | 43.53±0.95c | 54.00±2.87b | 58.47±3.43ab |
| 第二节长Second section length (cm) | 22.80±1.51b | 24.60±1.25ab | 26.13±0.76ab | 24.67±0.94ab | 23.17±0.77b | 23.87±1.37b | 29.40±1.24a | 27.73±1.67ab | 24.20±1.54b |
| 第三节长Third section length (cm) | 45.53±1.85a | 45.40±1.79a | 48.53±1.61a | 47.33±1.51a | 44.63±1.12a | 49.60±2.86a | 52.60±1.52a | 50.00±1.96a | 46.47±2.39a |
| 穗下节长Subear length (cm) | 49.20±1.38ab | 47.27±1.64ab | 47.13±0.98ab | 47.93±0.96ab | 47.27±1.63ab | 54.33±2.62a | 44.80±1.14b | 49.87±1.60ab | 47.20±1.42ab |
| 穗长Panicle length (cm) | 18.27±0.51ab | 16.40±0.57b | 17.00±0.52b | 17.80±0.57ab | 16.53±0.75b | 19.53±0.79a | 17.87±0.36ab | 16.87±0.66b | 17.53±0.56ab |
| 株高Plant height (cm) | 117.20±2.07a | 119.07±1.34a | 117.67±1.84a | 117.33±2.08a | 114.13±2.63a | 123.67±3.83a | 114.60±1.97a | 122.53±2.15a | 117.80±3.32a |
| 穗位高Ear height (cm) | 98.93±2.13a | 102.67±1.38a | 100.67±1.74a | 99.53±1.77a | 97.60±2.36a | 104.13±3.56a | 96.73±2.00a | 105.67±2.25a | 100.27±3.11a |
| 重心高度Height of center of gravity (cm) | 39.87±1.68a | 38.87±1.48a | 43.53±1.82a | 38.87±1.13a | 39.80±1.24a | 39.33±2.35a | 37.40±1.35a | 40.07±1.92a | 41.80±1.39a |
| 茎粗Thick stem (mm) | 4.54±0.15ab | 4.14±0.11ab | 4.21±0.10ab | 4.15±0.13ab | 4.05±0.12b | 4.36±0.16ab | 4.59±0.08a | 4.34±0.14ab | 4.44±0.14ab |
| 茎壁厚Stem wall thickness (mm) | 1.08±0.06a | 0.99±0.05a | 1.01±0.10a | 0.90±0.07a | 0.83±0.08a | 1.03±0.07a | 1.10±0.06a | 1.00±0.07a | 0.94±0.06a |
| 倒伏率Lodging rate (%) | 0.22±0.15b | 0.57±0.07ab | 0.68±0.03ab | 0.76±0.14a | 0.66±0.16ab | 0.70±0.18a | 0.55±0.22ab | 0.72±0.14a | 0.72±0.13a |
因素水平 Factor level | 单株总生物量 Total biomass per plant | 根系生物量 Root biomass | 茎秆生物量 Stem biomass | 叶片生物量 Blade biomass | 穗部生物量 Panicle biomass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 3.01±0.06b | 0.33±0.02a | 1.22±0.04b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.25±0.02a |
| A2 | 2.98±0.16b | 0.37±0.04a | 1.17±0.06b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.24±0.08a |
| A3 | 3.43±0.12a | 0.33±0.03a | 1.51±0.07a | 0.24±0.02a | 1.36±0.09a |
| F | 4.46 | 0.50 | 9.14 | 1.17 | 0.83 |
| 显著性 Significance | * | NS | ** | NS | NS |
| B1 | 3.22±0.07a | 0.40±0.04a | 1.31±0.05a | 0.23±0.02a | 1.29±0.02a |
| B2 | 3.14±0.22a | 0.31±0.02b | 1.31±0.11a | 0.22±0.02a | 1.30±0.11a |
| B3 | 3.06±0.07a | 0.30±0.02b | 1.27±0.06a | 0.21±0.01a | 1.26±0.07a |
| F | 0.34 | 3.35 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | * | NS | NS | NS |
| C1 | 3.34±0.15a | 0.32±0.03a | 1.34±0.09ab | 0.21±0.02a | 1.48±0.07a |
| C2 | 3.20±0.04ab | 0.35±0.04a | 1.40±0.04a | 0.24±0.02a | 1.21±0.03b |
| C3 | 2.88±0.15b | 0.36±0.03a | 1.16±0.07b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.15±0.05b |
| F | 3.84 | 0.52 | 3.15 | 0.99 | 10.44 |
| 显著性 Significance | * | NS | NS | NS | ** |
Table 4 Effects of fertilizer, water retaining agent and seeding amount on biomass per plant of oat (g)
因素水平 Factor level | 单株总生物量 Total biomass per plant | 根系生物量 Root biomass | 茎秆生物量 Stem biomass | 叶片生物量 Blade biomass | 穗部生物量 Panicle biomass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 3.01±0.06b | 0.33±0.02a | 1.22±0.04b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.25±0.02a |
| A2 | 2.98±0.16b | 0.37±0.04a | 1.17±0.06b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.24±0.08a |
| A3 | 3.43±0.12a | 0.33±0.03a | 1.51±0.07a | 0.24±0.02a | 1.36±0.09a |
| F | 4.46 | 0.50 | 9.14 | 1.17 | 0.83 |
| 显著性 Significance | * | NS | ** | NS | NS |
| B1 | 3.22±0.07a | 0.40±0.04a | 1.31±0.05a | 0.23±0.02a | 1.29±0.02a |
| B2 | 3.14±0.22a | 0.31±0.02b | 1.31±0.11a | 0.22±0.02a | 1.30±0.11a |
| B3 | 3.06±0.07a | 0.30±0.02b | 1.27±0.06a | 0.21±0.01a | 1.26±0.07a |
| F | 0.34 | 3.35 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.06 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | * | NS | NS | NS |
| C1 | 3.34±0.15a | 0.32±0.03a | 1.34±0.09ab | 0.21±0.02a | 1.48±0.07a |
| C2 | 3.20±0.04ab | 0.35±0.04a | 1.40±0.04a | 0.24±0.02a | 1.21±0.03b |
| C3 | 2.88±0.15b | 0.36±0.03a | 1.16±0.07b | 0.21±0.02a | 1.15±0.05b |
| F | 3.84 | 0.52 | 3.15 | 0.99 | 10.44 |
| 显著性 Significance | * | NS | NS | NS | ** |
处理组合 Treatment combination | 单株总生物量 Total biomass per plant | 根系生物量 Root biomass | 茎秆生物量 Stem biomass | 叶片生物量 Blade biomass | 穗部生物量 Panicle biomass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 2.97±0.11cd | 0.32±0.05ab | 1.19±0.03cd | 0.17±0.02b | 1.29±0.02c |
| A1B2C2 | 3.18±0.03bcd | 0.32±0.04ab | 1.33±0.05bc | 0.27±0.02a | 1.26±0.03c |
| A1B3C3 | 2.89±0.09d | 0.34±0.03ab | 1.13±0.07cd | 0.21±0.01ab | 1.20±0.03c |
| A2B1C2 | 3.34±0.03b | 0.46±0.09a | 1.37±0.05bc | 0.24±0.01a | 1.28±0.03c |
| A2B2C3 | 2.39±0.10e | 0.31±0.04ab | 0.96±0.03d | 0.16±0.01b | 0.97±0.04d |
| A2B3C1 | 3.21±0.16bc | 0.33±0.05ab | 1.18±0.07cd | 0.22±0.02ab | 1.48±0.11b |
| A3B1C3 | 3.36±0.06b | 0.42±0.05ab | 1.38±0.11bc | 0.27±0.04a | 1.29±0.05c |
| A3B2C1 | 3.84±0.12a | 0.29±0.06ab | 1.64±0.17a | 0.25±0.02a | 1.67±0.12a |
| A3B3C2 | 3.09±0.01bcd | 0.27±0.02b | 1.50±0.04b | 0.21±0.02ab | 1.11±0.02cd |
| F | 19.02 | 1.51 | 6.30 | 3.41 | 11.17 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | ** | * | ** |
Table 5 Effects of fertilizer, water retaining agent and seeding amount treatment combination on biomass per plant of oat (g)
处理组合 Treatment combination | 单株总生物量 Total biomass per plant | 根系生物量 Root biomass | 茎秆生物量 Stem biomass | 叶片生物量 Blade biomass | 穗部生物量 Panicle biomass |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 2.97±0.11cd | 0.32±0.05ab | 1.19±0.03cd | 0.17±0.02b | 1.29±0.02c |
| A1B2C2 | 3.18±0.03bcd | 0.32±0.04ab | 1.33±0.05bc | 0.27±0.02a | 1.26±0.03c |
| A1B3C3 | 2.89±0.09d | 0.34±0.03ab | 1.13±0.07cd | 0.21±0.01ab | 1.20±0.03c |
| A2B1C2 | 3.34±0.03b | 0.46±0.09a | 1.37±0.05bc | 0.24±0.01a | 1.28±0.03c |
| A2B2C3 | 2.39±0.10e | 0.31±0.04ab | 0.96±0.03d | 0.16±0.01b | 0.97±0.04d |
| A2B3C1 | 3.21±0.16bc | 0.33±0.05ab | 1.18±0.07cd | 0.22±0.02ab | 1.48±0.11b |
| A3B1C3 | 3.36±0.06b | 0.42±0.05ab | 1.38±0.11bc | 0.27±0.04a | 1.29±0.05c |
| A3B2C1 | 3.84±0.12a | 0.29±0.06ab | 1.64±0.17a | 0.25±0.02a | 1.67±0.12a |
| A3B3C2 | 3.09±0.01bcd | 0.27±0.02b | 1.50±0.04b | 0.21±0.02ab | 1.11±0.02cd |
| F | 19.02 | 1.51 | 6.30 | 3.41 | 11.17 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | ** | * | ** |
处理 Treatment | 显著性 Significance | 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield | 干草产量 Hay yield | 干鲜比 Dry-fresh ratio | 籽粒产量 Grain yield |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
组合 Combination | F | 37.97 | 22.27 | 11.62 | 19.30 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
| A | F | 2.10 | 11.23 | 12.23 | 13.51 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | ** | ** | ** | |
| B | F | 25.10 | 7.31 | 2.83 | 1.04 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | * | NS | NS | |
| C | F | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.82 | 1.12 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 6 Variance analysis of each yield index under different horizontal treatments and combined treatments among fertilizer, water retaining agent and seeding amount
处理 Treatment | 显著性 Significance | 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield | 干草产量 Hay yield | 干鲜比 Dry-fresh ratio | 籽粒产量 Grain yield |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
组合 Combination | F | 37.97 | 22.27 | 11.62 | 19.30 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
| A | F | 2.10 | 11.23 | 12.23 | 13.51 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | ** | ** | ** | |
| B | F | 25.10 | 7.31 | 2.83 | 1.04 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | * | NS | NS | |
| C | F | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.82 | 1.12 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS |
因素水平 Factor level | 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content | 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content | 灰分含量 Ash content | 钙含量 Calcium content | 磷含量 Phosphorus content | 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content | 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 8.76±0.44b | 3.28±0.08a | 8.20±0.59a | 0.22±0.02b | 0.32±0.00b | 37.52±0.62a | 68.07±0.85a |
| A2 | 8.83±0.46b | 3.37±0.04a | 7.92±0.29a | 0.18±0.01b | 0.32±0.00b | 37.55±0.75a | 69.08±0.83a |
| A3 | 11.46±0.45a | 3.45±0.07a | 8.77±0.40a | 0.27±0.02a | 0.35±0.00a | 37.29±0.97a | 68.66±0.93a |
| F | 11.79 | 1.70 | 0.93 | 8.39 | 7.69 | 0.03 | 0.34 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | NS | ** | ** | NS | NS |
| B1 | 10.05±0.63a | 3.39±0.07a | 7.74±0.17b | 0.21±0.02a | 0.33±0.01a | 36.85±0.58a | 68.55±0.63a |
| B2 | 8.91±0.57a | 3.33±0.04a | 8.08±0.42ab | 0.21±0.02a | 0.32±0.01a | 38.37±1.07a | 68.99±1.07a |
| B3 | 10.09±0.60a | 3.38±0.08a | 9.08±0.56a | 0.25±0.01a | 0.33±0.00a | 37.15±0.49a | 68.27±0.87a |
| F | 1.24 | 0.26 | 2.79 | 1.29 | 0.92 | 1.12 | 0.18 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| C1 | 9.92±0.28a | 3.39±0.03a | 8.21±0.48a | 0.22±0.01a | 0.33±0.00a | 37.67±0.94a | 67.72±0.97a |
| C2 | 9.49±0.66a | 3.28±0.03a | 8.14±0.32a | 0.21±0.01a | 0.33±0.01a | 37.53±0.62a | 68.97±0.64a |
| C3 | 9.64±0.81a | 3.43±0.10a | 8.54±0.55a | 0.24±0.02a | 0.33±0.01a | 37.17±0.79a | 69.12±0.91a |
| F | 0.12 | 1.54 | 0.21 | 0.83 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.81 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Table 7 Difference of nutritional quality of oats under different factors of fertilizer, water retaining agent and sowing amount (%)
因素水平 Factor level | 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content | 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content | 灰分含量 Ash content | 钙含量 Calcium content | 磷含量 Phosphorus content | 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content | 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1 | 8.76±0.44b | 3.28±0.08a | 8.20±0.59a | 0.22±0.02b | 0.32±0.00b | 37.52±0.62a | 68.07±0.85a |
| A2 | 8.83±0.46b | 3.37±0.04a | 7.92±0.29a | 0.18±0.01b | 0.32±0.00b | 37.55±0.75a | 69.08±0.83a |
| A3 | 11.46±0.45a | 3.45±0.07a | 8.77±0.40a | 0.27±0.02a | 0.35±0.00a | 37.29±0.97a | 68.66±0.93a |
| F | 11.79 | 1.70 | 0.93 | 8.39 | 7.69 | 0.03 | 0.34 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | NS | ** | ** | NS | NS |
| B1 | 10.05±0.63a | 3.39±0.07a | 7.74±0.17b | 0.21±0.02a | 0.33±0.01a | 36.85±0.58a | 68.55±0.63a |
| B2 | 8.91±0.57a | 3.33±0.04a | 8.08±0.42ab | 0.21±0.02a | 0.32±0.01a | 38.37±1.07a | 68.99±1.07a |
| B3 | 10.09±0.60a | 3.38±0.08a | 9.08±0.56a | 0.25±0.01a | 0.33±0.00a | 37.15±0.49a | 68.27±0.87a |
| F | 1.24 | 0.26 | 2.79 | 1.29 | 0.92 | 1.12 | 0.18 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| C1 | 9.92±0.28a | 3.39±0.03a | 8.21±0.48a | 0.22±0.01a | 0.33±0.00a | 37.67±0.94a | 67.72±0.97a |
| C2 | 9.49±0.66a | 3.28±0.03a | 8.14±0.32a | 0.21±0.01a | 0.33±0.01a | 37.53±0.62a | 68.97±0.64a |
| C3 | 9.64±0.81a | 3.43±0.10a | 8.54±0.55a | 0.24±0.02a | 0.33±0.01a | 37.17±0.79a | 69.12±0.91a |
| F | 0.12 | 1.54 | 0.21 | 0.83 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.81 |
| 显著性 Significance | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
处理组合 Treatment combination | 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content | 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content | 灰分含量 Ash content | 钙含量 Calcium content | 磷含量 Phosphorus content | 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content | 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 9.60±0.41b | 3.33±0.03a | 7.33±0.13a | 0.19±0.02cd | 0.33±0.01abc | 37.67±0.61a | 67.63±0.40a |
| A1B2C2 | 8.25±0.74b | 3.21±0.03a | 7.50±0.21a | 0.20±0.01bcd | 0.31±0.01c | 37.77±1.56a | 68.10±1.03a |
| A1B3C3 | 8.43±1.04b | 3.31±0.26a | 9.77±1.52a | 0.27±0.01ab | 0.33±0.01abc | 37.12±1.29a | 68.49±2.68a |
| A2B1C2 | 8.31±0.40b | 3.24±0.04a | 7.76±0.31a | 0.17±0.02d | 0.32±0.01bc | 37.20±1.40a | 69.63±1.80a |
| A2B2C3 | 8.26±1.18b | 3.39±0.05a | 7.71±0.34a | 0.17±0.01d | 0.32±0.01bc | 38.73±1.68a | 70.48±1.01a |
| A2B3C1 | 9.93±0.18ab | 3.37±0.02a | 8.30±0.84a | 0.21±0.02abcd | 0.33±0.00abc | 36.72±0.98a | 67.14±0.94a |
| A3B1C3 | 12.23±0.67a | 3.51±0.17a | 8.13±0.30a | 0.28±0.05a | 0.35±0.01a | 35.67±0.77a | 68.39±0.59a |
| A3B2C1 | 10.23±0.80ab | 3.38±0.05a | 9.01±1.14a | 0.26±0.02abc | 0.34±0.00abc | 38.60±2.89a | 68.40±3.14a |
| A3B3C2 | 11.91±0.38a | 3.38±0.06a | 9.17±0.51a | 0.26±0.01abc | 0.35±0.00a | 37.60±0.34a | 69.18±0.18a |
| F | 4.71 | 1.05 | 1.30 | 3.79 | 2.41 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | NS | ** | NS | NS | NS |
Table 8 Difference of nutritional quality of oats under different treatment combinations of fertilizer, water retaining agent and seeding amount (%)
处理组合 Treatment combination | 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content | 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content | 灰分含量 Ash content | 钙含量 Calcium content | 磷含量 Phosphorus content | 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content | 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 9.60±0.41b | 3.33±0.03a | 7.33±0.13a | 0.19±0.02cd | 0.33±0.01abc | 37.67±0.61a | 67.63±0.40a |
| A1B2C2 | 8.25±0.74b | 3.21±0.03a | 7.50±0.21a | 0.20±0.01bcd | 0.31±0.01c | 37.77±1.56a | 68.10±1.03a |
| A1B3C3 | 8.43±1.04b | 3.31±0.26a | 9.77±1.52a | 0.27±0.01ab | 0.33±0.01abc | 37.12±1.29a | 68.49±2.68a |
| A2B1C2 | 8.31±0.40b | 3.24±0.04a | 7.76±0.31a | 0.17±0.02d | 0.32±0.01bc | 37.20±1.40a | 69.63±1.80a |
| A2B2C3 | 8.26±1.18b | 3.39±0.05a | 7.71±0.34a | 0.17±0.01d | 0.32±0.01bc | 38.73±1.68a | 70.48±1.01a |
| A2B3C1 | 9.93±0.18ab | 3.37±0.02a | 8.30±0.84a | 0.21±0.02abcd | 0.33±0.00abc | 36.72±0.98a | 67.14±0.94a |
| A3B1C3 | 12.23±0.67a | 3.51±0.17a | 8.13±0.30a | 0.28±0.05a | 0.35±0.01a | 35.67±0.77a | 68.39±0.59a |
| A3B2C1 | 10.23±0.80ab | 3.38±0.05a | 9.01±1.14a | 0.26±0.02abc | 0.34±0.00abc | 38.60±2.89a | 68.40±3.14a |
| A3B3C2 | 11.91±0.38a | 3.38±0.06a | 9.17±0.51a | 0.26±0.01abc | 0.35±0.00a | 37.60±0.34a | 69.18±0.18a |
| F | 4.71 | 1.05 | 1.30 | 3.79 | 2.41 | 0.41 | 0.40 |
| 显著性 Significance | ** | NS | NS | ** | NS | NS | NS |
| 指标 Index | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield (kg·hm-2) | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 干草产量 Hay yield (kg·hm-2) | 1.00 | 0.93 | 0.00 |
| 干鲜比 Dry-fresh ratio (%) | 1.00 | 0.48 | 0.00 |
| 籽粒产量 Grain yield (kg·hm-2) | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.34 |
| 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content (%) | 1.00 | 0.33 | 0.00 |
| 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content (%) | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.86 |
| 灰分含量 Ash content (%) | 0.48 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 钙含量 Calcium content (%) | 1.00 | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| 磷含量 Phosphorus content (%) | 1.00 | 0.15 | 0.00 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content (%) | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.18 |
| 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content (%) | 0.42 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| 总极差值 Total range | 7.27 | 5.99 | 2.39 |
Table 9 Range analysis of yield index and quality index
| 指标 Index | A | B | C |
|---|---|---|---|
| 鲜草产量 Fresh grass yield (kg·hm-2) | 0.37 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 干草产量 Hay yield (kg·hm-2) | 1.00 | 0.93 | 0.00 |
| 干鲜比 Dry-fresh ratio (%) | 1.00 | 0.48 | 0.00 |
| 籽粒产量 Grain yield (kg·hm-2) | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.34 |
| 粗蛋白含量 Crude protein content (%) | 1.00 | 0.33 | 0.00 |
| 粗脂肪含量 Crude fat content (%) | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.86 |
| 灰分含量 Ash content (%) | 0.48 | 1.00 | 0.00 |
| 钙含量 Calcium content (%) | 1.00 | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| 磷含量 Phosphorus content (%) | 1.00 | 0.15 | 0.00 |
| 酸性洗涤纤维含量 Acid detergent fiber content (%) | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.18 |
| 中性洗涤纤维含量 Neutral detergent fiber content (%) | 0.42 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| 总极差值 Total range | 7.27 | 5.99 | 2.39 |
处理组合 Treatment combination | 平均隶属函数值 Average membership function value | 综合排名 Comprehensive ranking |
|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 0.34 | 6 |
| A1B2C2 | 0.20 | 9 |
| A1B3C3 | 0.55 | 4 |
| A2B1C2 | 0.33 | 7 |
| A2B2C3 | 0.22 | 8 |
| A2B3C1 | 0.59 | 3 |
| A3B1C3 | 0.78 | 1 |
| A3B2C1 | 0.50 | 5 |
| A3B3C2 | 0.71 | 2 |
Table 10 Membership function analysis of output index and quality index
处理组合 Treatment combination | 平均隶属函数值 Average membership function value | 综合排名 Comprehensive ranking |
|---|---|---|
| A1B1C1 | 0.34 | 6 |
| A1B2C2 | 0.20 | 9 |
| A1B3C3 | 0.55 | 4 |
| A2B1C2 | 0.33 | 7 |
| A2B2C3 | 0.22 | 8 |
| A2B3C1 | 0.59 | 3 |
| A3B1C3 | 0.78 | 1 |
| A3B2C1 | 0.50 | 5 |
| A3B3C2 | 0.71 | 2 |
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