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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 159-168.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023071

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A performance evaluation of two crops of forage oats per year in the northern Ordos Plateau

Wen-long LI1(), Feng LI1, Zhong-juan ZHANG2, Dian-qing WANG3, Huan WANG3, Hui-qing JIN3, Mu-re TE4, Zhi-ling HU5, Ya TAO1()   

  1. 1.Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P. R. China,Hohhot 010010,China
    2.Innovation Center of Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100015,China
    3.Hohhot Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Center,Hohhot 010010,China
    4.Bayannur Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau,Bayannur 015000,China
    5.Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau of Ningcheng County,Chifeng 024200,China
  • Received:2023-03-06 Revised:2023-05-23 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2023-11-23
  • Contact: Ya TAO

Abstract:

This study compared oat (Avena sativa) varieties and planting patterns for optimal performance when planting two crops of forage oats per year in northern part of the Ordos Plateau, in order to improve land use efficiency and increase economic returns. Various production characteristics and the nutritional quality of six domestic and foreign oat varieties (Qingyan No.1, Qingyin No.1, Souris, Baler, Helios, and Sweet oat). Multivariate evaluation of the crop data was performed using the grey correlation method. Ranges recorded for plant height, hay yield, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), potassium (K) and relative feeding quality (RFQ) of different oat varieties in the first crop were 96.77-121.77 cm, 8426.38-14287.07 kg·ha-1, 8.19%-9.29% DM, 51.47%-59.90% DM, 30.00%-35.83% DM, 1.23%-1.87% and 117.88-161.41, respectively. In the second crop, corresponding values were 68.73-97.20 cm, 4927.07-7082.58 kg·ha-1, 12.12%-16.34% DM, 39.60%-46.61% DM, 19.49%-24.26% DM, 1.67%-1.94% and 206.09-262.64 respectively. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the multivariate evaluation indexes among different varieties, except in the crude protein content of crop 1. In the first crop, the plant height, NDF and ADF content of Helios were higher but RFQ was lower than values of other varieties, while Souris had the highest hay yield and lowest K content. In the second oat crop, the plant height and hay yield of Qingyin No.1 ranked first, and its NDF and ADF contents were also the highest. The CP content of Baler was higher, and the K content of Qingyan No.1 was lower than that of other varieties. Plant height, hay and fresh yield were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with CP, K and RFQ (P<0.05, P<0.01, or P<0.001), while positively correlated with NDF and ADF extremely significantly (P<0.001). In the grey correlation analysis the weighting coefficients for NDF and RFQ were the highest indicating that these two parameters are important indexes for oat productivity evaluation in this region. The most suitable oat varieties for spring sowing in the first crop and multiple planting in the second crop in north part of the Ordos Plateau are Souris and Qingyan No.1, respectively. So the planting combination of spring sowing Souris and replanting with Qingyan No.1 in the autumn can be recommended in this area, or in edaphically similar areas.

Key words: Ordos Plateau, two crops a year, forage oats, productivity, nutritional quality