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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 134-145.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020212

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

亚丁牦牛和拉日马牦牛遗传多样性及遗传结构分析

纪会1,2(), 官久强1, 王会2, 周建旭3, 阿农呷4, 何宗伟5, 樊珍详6, 邱龙康6, 曹诗晓1, 安添午1, 柏琴1, 钟金城2(), 罗晓林1()   

  1. 1.四川省草原科学研究院,四川 成都 611731
    2.西南民族大学,四川 成都 610041
    3.小金县科学技术和农业畜牧水务局,四川 阿坝州 624200
    4.甘孜藏族自治州畜牧站,四川 甘孜州 626099
    5.稻城县农牧农村和科技局畜牧站,四川 甘孜州 627750
    6.新龙县农牧农村和科技局畜牧站,四川 甘孜州 626800
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-12 修回日期:2020-08-19 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 钟金城,罗晓林
  • 作者简介:642163534@qq.com
    E-mail:zhongjincheng518@126.com
    纪会(1995-),女,云南普洱人,在读硕士。E-mail:1328051168@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系(CARS-37);川西北牧区牦牛高效养殖技术示范(2018NFP0167);牦牛产业链关键技术集成与产业化示范(16ZC2530);青藏高原区域畜禽遗传资源调查(牛)(19190660);四川省科技支撑计划“牦牛生态健康养殖关键技术集成研究与产业化示范”(16ZC2530);牦牛高效生产与配套技术应用(20YSZH0018);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302);国家十三五重点研发计划项目“青藏高原牦牛高效安全养殖技术应用与示范”(2018YFD0502304)

Genetic structure and diversity of Yading yak and Larima yak populations

Hui JI1,2(), Jiu-qiang GUAN1, Hui WANG2, Jian-xu ZHOU3, Nong-ga A4, Zong-wei HE5, Zhen-xiang FAN6, Long-kang QIU6, Shi-xiao CAO1, Tian-wu AN1, Qin BAI1, Jin-cheng ZHONG2(), Xiao-lin LUO1()   

  1. 1.Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences,Chengdu 611731,China
    2.Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China
    3.Xiaojin County Science,Technology,Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Water Authority,Tibetan Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Ngawa 624200,China
    4.Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry Station,Ganzi Prefecture 626099,China
    5.Daocheng County Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Technology Bureau Animal Husbandry Station,Ganzi Prefecture 627750,China
    6.Xinlong County Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Rural Science and Technology Bureau Animal Husbandry Station,Ganzi Prefecture 626800,China
  • Received:2020-05-12 Revised:2020-08-19 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-04-16
  • Contact: Jin-cheng ZHONG,Xiao-lin LUO

摘要:

亚丁牦牛和拉日马牦牛均为肉乳兼用型优良地方牦牛资源,本研究旨在探究亚丁牦牛和拉日马牦牛的遗传多样性及各牦牛群体间的亲缘关系,对亚丁牦牛、拉日马牦牛以及其他7个地方牦牛群体(九龙牦牛、麦洼牦牛、金川牦牛、昌台牦牛、中甸牦牛、玉树牦牛、类乌齐牦牛)进行RAD简化基因组测序,基于检测到的SNP信息计算遗传统计量。结果表明,亚丁牦牛和拉日马牦牛的观测杂合度分别为0.2186、0.2233,亚丁牦牛遗传多样性较贫乏。亚丁牦牛的平均遗传分化指数Fst值最高为0.0653,与其他8个牦牛群体存在中度分化,Structure分析显示其血统构成纯正,可列为一个独立遗传资源。拉日马牦牛Fst值最低为0.0443,其群体遗传结构较复杂,与九龙牦牛和麦洼牦牛存在基因交流,属麦洼牦牛的祖先群之一。亚丁牦牛和拉日马牦牛均值得进一步研究和保护,研究结果对牦牛遗传资源的保护与利用具有重要意义。

关键词: 牦牛, 遗传多样性, 群体结构, 简化基因组测序

Abstract:

Yading yak and Larima yak are excellent local yak resources for meat and milk production. The aims of this study were to explore the genetic diversity of Yading yak and Larima yak and the genetic relationships among yak populations. We conducted restriction site associated DNA simplified genome sequencing for Yading yak, Larima yak, and seven other local yak populations (Jiulong yak, Maiwa yak, Jinchuan yak, Changtai yak, Zhongdian yak, Yushu yak, and Leiwuqi yak). Genetic statistics were calculated based on the detected single nucleotide polymorphism information. The observed heterozygosity values of Yading yak and Larima yak populations were 0.2186 and 0.2233, respectively. The genetic diversity of Yading yak was relatively poor. The average genetic differentiation index (Fst value) of Yading yak was 0.0653, which was moderately different from those of other Yak populations. A Structure analysis showed that the pedigree of Yading yak is pure, so it can be classified as an independent genetic resource. The lowest Fst value was that of Larima yak (0.0443). Our analyses suggest that the population genetic structure is more complicated for Larima yak than for other yak populations. Our results indicate that here have been genetic exchanges between Larima yak and Jiulong yak as well as Maiwa yak, and that Larima yak is one of the ancestor groups of Maiwa yak. Further research on Yading yak and Larima yak is warranted, and both populations require protection. The results of this study will be useful for developing strategies to protect and utilize yak genetic resources.

Key words: yak, genetic diversity, population structure, simplified genome sequencing