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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 203-211.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020490

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

刈割高度与施氮量对饲料桑全株产量及营养品质的影响

王红林1(), 左艳春1(), 严旭1, 周晓康1, 寇晶1, 杨希智3, 郭俊英2, 蒲军2, 张浩仁2, 杜周和1,2()   

  1. 1.四川省农业科学院牧业研究中心,四川 南充 637000
    2.四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所,四川 南充 637000
    3.仪陇县畜牧站,四川 南充 637600
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-03 修回日期:2020-12-17 出版日期:2021-10-19 发布日期:2021-10-19
  • 通讯作者: 杜周和
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: duzhouhe@126.com
    王红林(1989-),男,甘肃临洮人,助理研究员。E-mail: honglwsaas@163.com
    左艳春(1980-),女,四川西充人,副研究员。E-mail: 371950911@qq.com.第一联系人:共同第一作者These authors contributed equally to this work.
  • 基金资助:
    四川省重点研发计划(2019YFN0022);院学科建设推进工程(2021XKJS096);四川省农转资金项目(2021NZZJ0007)

Effect of cutting height and nitrogen fertilizer rate on yield and nutritive value of whole-plant mulberry (Morus alba

Hong-lin WANG1(), Yan-chun ZUO1(), Xu YAN1, Xiao-kang ZHOU1, Jing KOU1, Xi-zhi YANG3, Jun-ying GUO2, Jun PU2, Hao-ren ZHANG2, Zhou-he DU1,2()   

  1. 1.Animal Husbandry Research Center of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong 637000,China
    2.Sericultural Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchong 637000,China
    3.Animal Husbandry Station of Yilong County,Nanchong 637600,China
  • Received:2020-11-03 Revised:2020-12-17 Online:2021-10-19 Published:2021-10-19
  • Contact: Zhou-he DU

摘要:

本研究以饲料桑新品种‘川饲桑1号’(Morus alba cv. Chuansisang-1)为试验材料,采用二因素随机区组设计连续3年(2016-2018)对不同刈割高度(H1:70 cm,H2:90 cm,H3:110 cm)和施氮量(N1:138 kg N·hm-2,N2:207 kg N·hm-2,N3:276 kg N·hm-2)下的饲草产量、植物学特性及营养品质进行测定,并对其饲用价值进行综合评价,以期为饲料桑的推广利用提供数据支撑。结果表明,随着年限的增加各处理下饲草产量逐年递增,且均以H2N3处理最高。刈割高度与施氮量对饲料桑产量、植物学特性和营养品质均有影响。其中,刈割高度是影响饲料桑植物学特性的主要因素,两者交互作用对饲草产量、单枝重及各营养指标影响显著(P<0.05)。在相同刈割高度下,鲜、干草产量和中性洗涤纤维均以N3处理最高,粗蛋白含量随施氮量的增加先增加后减小。在相同氮肥用量下,H2处理下的大部分饲草产量、主枝叶片数、单株重最大,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量整体随刈割高度的增加而增大。粗蛋白和粗灰分含量整体在H2高度下最高,粗脂肪含量随刈割高度增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。以隶属函数法对‘川饲桑1号’的饲用价值进行综合评价可知,在刈割高度为90 cm、施氮量为276 kg N·hm-2时其饲用价值最高。

关键词: 刈割高度, 施氮量, 饲料桑全株, 产量, 营养品质, 综合评价

Abstract:

In this study, a two-factor randomized block experiment was conducted to determine the yield, botanical characteristics, and nutritive value of a forage mulberry cultivar (Morus alba cv. Chuansisang-1). Treatments comprised different cutting heights (H1: 70 cm, H2: 90 cm, and H3: 110 cm) and nitrogen fertilization rates (N1: 138 kg N·ha-1, N2: 207 kg N·ha-1, and N3: 276 kg N·ha-1) in Northeast Sichuan, South China. Feeding value of the forage mulberry under the different treatments was evaluated in order to provide data support promotion and utilization of forage mulberry as an animal feed. It was found that herbage yields increased with age under each treatment, and the treatment combination H2N3 had the highest herbage yield. Cutting height and nitrogen application rate both had significant effects on the yield, botanical characteristics, and nutritive value of forage mulberry. Cutting height was the main factor affecting the botanical characteristics of forage mulberry, and there were also significant (P<0.05) cutting height×nitrogen fertilization rate interaction effects on herbage yield, single-branch weight, and nutritive value. At the same cutting height, the herbage yield, and neutral detergent fiber of N3 treatment were the highest, and the crude protein content was higher in N2 than in N1 or N3, and the herbage yield, the number of leaves on main branches and single plant weight were largest under the H2 treatment. The contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with increase in cutting height. Crude protein and ash contents were highest at H2, and crude fat content initially increased and then decreased across the three cutting heights. The feeding value of ‘Chuansisang-1’was evaluated using a multivariate subordinate function analysis and the optimal treatment combination was found to be H2N3 (i.e. a cutting height of 90 cm and nitrogen application rate of 276 kg N·ha-1).

Key words: cutting height, nitrogen application rate, whole plant of forage mulberry, yield, nutritional value, multivariate analysis