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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 168-180.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020600

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

70份紫云英种质资源表型多样性及其在豫南地区的结实特征

张梦1,4(), 史鹏飞2, 李本银1, 刘春增1(), 郑春风1, 张成兰1, 郭晓彦2, 张丽霞2, 吕玉虎2, 何春梅5, 曹卫东3()   

  1. 1.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,河南 郑州 450002
    2.信阳市农业科学院,河南 信阳 464000
    3.中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京 100081
    4.河南省作物分子育种研究院,河南 郑州 450002
    5.福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建 福州 350013
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-30 修回日期:2021-03-15 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 刘春增,曹卫东
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: liucz321@aliyun.comcaoweidong@caas.cn
    张梦(1986-),男,河南沁阳人,助理研究员,博士。E-mail: 458945208@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22);河南省农业科学院科技创新创意项目(2020CX14)

Phenotypic diversity and podding characteristics of 70 Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus) germplasm lines cultivated in Southern Henan

Meng ZHANG1,4(), Peng-fei SHI2, Ben-yin LI1, Chun-zeng LIU1(), Chun-feng ZHENG1, Cheng-lan ZHANG1, Xiao-yan GUO2, Li-xia ZHANG2, Yu-hu LV2, Chun-mei HE5, Wei-dong CAO3()   

  1. 1.Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agricultural Resource and Environmental Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    2.Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xinyang 464000,China
    3.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    4.Institute of Crops Molecule Breeding,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    5.Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou 350013,China
  • Received:2020-12-30 Revised:2021-03-15 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-01-15
  • Contact: Chun-zeng LIU,Wei-dong CAO

摘要:

对70份当地和引入紫云英种质资源在豫南地区种植的表型性状和结实特征进行研究,结果表明,供试紫云英均可在豫南地区完成扩繁,19个调查性状的变异系数(CV)介于1.3%~73.2%,其中冠层面积(CV=45.9%~73.2%)、始荚高度(CV=46.0%~52.9%)、生殖分枝数和生殖分枝比率(CV=34.6%~48.4%)、二级分枝数(CV=41.2%~41.3%)、返青期株高(CV=30.2%~39.2%)、种子产量(CV=24.4%~35.7%)变异性较高。信紫1号、XYHY-1等6个当地资源在越冬期和返青期叶片呈现紫红色。种子产量与返青期株高、盛花期株高、越冬期冠层大小、始荚高度、结荚层数、种子千粒重显著正相关;种子千粒重与返青期株高、盛花期株高、越冬期冠层大小、始荚高度、结荚层数、生殖分枝比率显著正相关,与出苗至盛花期天数、全氮和全磷含量显著负相关。引入资源平均种子产量为1015.5 kg·hm-2,当地资源平均种子产量为1096.5 kg·hm-2。与冬油菜和冬小麦相比,大部分紫云英种质资源在豫南地区繁种具有较高的经济效益,适合移栽稻接茬。

关键词: 紫云英, 资源评价, 繁种能力, 豫南地区

Abstract:

Astragalus sinicus is one of the most important winter green manure crops in paddy fields of China. By comparing the differences in agronomic traits and podding characters between the local and introduced germplasm resources, phenotypic variation and seed production potential of 70 germplasm lines of A. sinicus in Southern Henan Province were studied. It was found that all tested lines could complete their life cycle. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the 19 traits ranged from 1.3% to 73.2%, among which canopy area (CV=45.9%-73.2%), height of the first pod (CV=46.0%-52.9%), number of reproductive branches and reproductive branch ratio (CV=34.6%-48.4%), number of secondary branches (CV=41.2%-41.3%), plant height at the spring regreening period (CV=30.2%-39.2%), and seed yield (CV=24.4%-35.7%) exhibited higher variability. The leaf color of six local lines, including Xinzi No.1 and XYHY-1, appeared purple during the wintering period and the spring regreening period. Seed yield was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period, plant height at the full-bloom period, canopy area in the wintering period, height of the first pod, number of reproductive node sites per branch and 1000-seed weight. 1000-seed weight was significantly positively correlated with plant height at the spring regreening period, plant height at the full-bloom period, canopy area in the wintering period, height of the first pod, number of reproductive node sites per branch and reproductive branch ratio, and significantly negatively correlated with days from seedling emergence to full-bloom, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. The average seed yield of the introduced germplasm lines was 1015.5 kg·ha-1, and that of the local lines was 1096.5 kg·ha-1. A. sinicus showed high economic benefit in Southern Henan compared with winter rapeseed and wheat, and is a suitable winter option for transplanted-rice cultivation systems.

Key words: Astragalus sinicus, resource evaluation, seed production capacity, Southern Henan