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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 17-30.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021470

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

气候和土地利用变化共同驱动青海海南、海北州生态系统服务的时空变化

范晓敏1(), 井新1(), 肖博文1, 马小亮1, 贺金生1,2   

  1. 1.兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.北京大学城市与环境学院,北京 100871
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-14 修回日期:2022-04-22 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 井新
  • 作者简介:E-mail: jingx@lzu.edu.cn
    范晓敏(1997-),女,四川德阳人,在读硕士。E-mail: fanxm19@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(32130065);国家重点研发计划(2019YFC0507700)

Climate and land-use change jointly determine the spatial-temporal changes of ecosystem services in Hainan and Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefectures, Qinghai Province

Xiao-min FAN1(), Xin JING1(), Bo-wen XIAO1, Xiao-liang MA1, Jin-sheng HE1,2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China
  • Received:2021-12-14 Revised:2022-04-22 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-10-17
  • Contact: Xin JING

摘要:

明确生态系统服务时空变化及驱动因素是认识生态系统服务维持和提升的基础。高寒地区是生态系统服务供给的热点,同时也是气候变化的敏感、脆弱区。土地利用和气候变化在高寒生态系统服务时空变化中的作用尚缺少系统性研究。因此,本研究基于生态系统服务模型和广义线性模型,以青藏高原东北部的海南、海北州为案例,评估了2000-2015年7项生态系统服务及生态系统多服务性的时空变化,并分析各驱动因素的相对重要性及气候与土地利用变化的相互作用。结果表明:从2000到2015年,生态系统服务总体呈南部增加,北部减少的趋势。食物供给受土地利用变化影响最大(相对贡献=34%),净生态系统生产力(NEP)受温度变化的影响最大(相对贡献=77%),水质净化(氮保留、磷保留)、土壤保持、水源供给、水源涵养受降水变化的影响最大(相对贡献分别为63%、48%、74%、86%和75%),生态系统多服务性受降水变化影响最大。本研究中,除土壤保持外,气候(降水、温度)变化对其他生态系统服务及生态系统多服务性的作用随土地利用变化而变化(交互作用,P<0.001)。结果表明,实现生态系统服务可持续发展不仅要关注土地利用变化,同时应关注气候与土地利用变化的相互作用,优化生态系统服务的时空配置,以提升高寒地区生态系统的多服务性。

关键词: 生态系统服务, 生态系统多服务性, 气候变化, 土地利用变化, 人口密度变化

Abstract:

Evaluating the spatial-temporal dynamics and driving factors of ecosystem services is fundamental to the understanding of how to maintain and improve those ecosystem services. Alpine regions are both a hotspot of ecosystem service supply, and sensitive and vulnerable to climate change. However, there are few systematic studies investigating the joint role of land-use change and climate change in shaping the spatial-temporal dynamics of alpine ecosystem services. Here, we first used models of ecosystem services to quantify changes in seven ecosystem services and in ecosystem multiserviceability from 2000 to 2015 in Haibei and Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefectures on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Next, we investigated the relative importance of climate change, population density change, land-use change and the interactions between climate change and land-use change effects on ecosystem services using generalized linear models. We found that ecosystem services increased in the south while decreased in the north from 2000 to 2015. Land use change (relative contribution was 34%) was the major factor affecting food supply. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was affected by temperature change (relative contribution was 77%). Water purification (nitrogen and phosphorus retention), soil retention, water yield and water retention were affected by precipitation change (relative contributions were 63%, 48%, 74%, 86% and 75%, respectively). Ecosystem multiserviceability was also affected by precipitation. In addition to the service of soil retention, the effects of climate change (i.e. precipitation and temperature) on other ecosystem services and ecosystem multiserviceability varied with land-use change (interaction, P<0.001). Our study highlights that realizing the sustainable development of ecosystem services needs to pay attention to both land-use change and the interactions between climate change and land-use change and optimizing the spatial-temporal allocation of ecosystem services to improve ecosystem multiserviceability in alpine regions.

Key words: ecosystem services, ecosystem multiserviceability, climate change, land-use change, population density change