草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 85-94.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021489
孙延亮(), 魏孔钦, 刘选帅, 赵俊威, 李生仪, 马春辉, 张前兵()
收稿日期:
2021-12-27
修回日期:
2022-03-17
出版日期:
2022-12-20
发布日期:
2022-10-17
通讯作者:
张前兵
作者简介:
E-mail: qbz102@163.com基金资助:
Yan-liang SUN(), Kong-qin WEI, Xuan-shuai LIU, Jun-wei ZHAO, Sheng-yi LI, Chun-hui MA, Qian-bing ZHANG()
Received:
2021-12-27
Revised:
2022-03-17
Online:
2022-12-20
Published:
2022-10-17
Contact:
Qian-bing ZHANG
摘要:
为探讨滴灌条件下紫花苜蓿光合日进程及光合产物分配对不同施磷水平的响应,明确苜蓿地上光合产物与叶片光合参数之间的关系,通过田间试验,设置0(CK)、50(P1)、100(P2)和150 kg·hm-2(P3)4个施磷(P2O5)水平,在紫花苜蓿初花期选择典型晴天(10:00-20:00),采用Li-6400便携式光合仪测定紫花苜蓿叶片光合指标及环境因子日进程,并对苜蓿植株叶、茎、根中的可溶性糖和淀粉含量进行测定。结果表明,不同施磷水平下紫花苜蓿均有光合“午休”现象,气孔限制是净光合速率(Pn)下降的主要因素。光合有效辐射(PAR)对苜蓿叶片Pn影响最大,而大气CO2浓度(Ca)、大气温度(Ta)、大气相对湿度(RH)和叶面饱和蒸气压亏缺(Vpdl)对Pn的影响次之。主成分分析发现,苜蓿的光合效率由高到低依次是P2>P1>P3>CK。当施磷水平为100 kg·hm-2时,苜蓿的干草产量显著提高,紫花苜蓿叶片Pn、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(WUE)的日进程均较对照有所提高,叶片胞间CO2浓度(Ci)日进程均较对照显著降低。叶、茎和根的可溶性糖含量分别提高了11.6%、5.0%和4.6%,淀粉含量分别提高了15.2%、9.6%和5.3%,可溶性糖和淀粉的资源分配更多地表现为对叶的分配增加,对茎和根相对较少。因此,适当施磷能提高紫花苜蓿叶片的光合效率,进而显著促进苜蓿的生长发育,施磷(P2O5)量为100 kg·hm-2时对紫花苜蓿光合的提升效果最为明显。
孙延亮, 魏孔钦, 刘选帅, 赵俊威, 李生仪, 马春辉, 张前兵. 紫花苜蓿光合日进程及光合产物分配对施磷的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(12): 85-94.
Yan-liang SUN, Kong-qin WEI, Xuan-shuai LIU, Jun-wei ZHAO, Sheng-yi LI, Chun-hui MA, Qian-bing ZHANG. Diurnal changes in photosynthesis and photosynthetic product partitioning in alfalfa in response to phosphorus application[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(12): 85-94.
图2 不同施磷水平下苜蓿叶片光合生理参数日进程不同小写字母表示各处理间差异显著(P<0.05),下同。Different lowercase letters mean the significant differences among treatments (P<0.05). The same below.
Fig.2 The diurnal variation of photosynthetic physiological parameters in leaves of alfalfa under different phosphorus application conditions
图3 不同施磷水平下苜蓿叶、茎、根中的可溶性糖、淀粉含量箱式图中的点对应的y值为原始数据;箱体上下边界对应的y值为上下四分位数;箱体中横线对应的y值为平均值;上下边缘横线对应的y值为最大值和最小值;上下边缘横线外的点为异常值。The y-values corresponding to the points in the box plot are the original data; The y-values corresponding to the upper and lower boundaries of the box are the upper and lower quartiles; The y-values corresponding to the horizontal lines in the box are the average values; The y-values corresponding to the horizontal lines at the upper and lower edges are the maximum and minimum values; And the points outside the horizontal lines at the upper and lower edges are the outliers.
Fig.3 Soluble sugar and starch content in alfalfa leaves, stems and roots under different phosphorus application conditions
处理 Treatment | 第1主成分Principal component 1 (f1) | 第2主成分Principal component 2 (f2) | 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation (f3) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
得分Score | 排序Rank | 得分Score | 排序Rank | 得分Score | 排序Rank | |
CK | -2.98 | 4 | 0.11 | 2 | -2.48 | 4 |
P1 | 0.51 | 2 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.64 | 2 |
P2 | 2.81 | 1 | -0.26 | 3 | 2.31 | 1 |
P3 | -0.33 | 3 | -1.19 | 4 | -0.47 | 3 |
表1 不同施磷水平下苜蓿光合效率的主成分综合评价
Table 1 Principal component comprehensive evaluation of alfalfa photosynthetic efficiency under different phosphorus application conditions
处理 Treatment | 第1主成分Principal component 1 (f1) | 第2主成分Principal component 2 (f2) | 综合评价Comprehensive evaluation (f3) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
得分Score | 排序Rank | 得分Score | 排序Rank | 得分Score | 排序Rank | |
CK | -2.98 | 4 | 0.11 | 2 | -2.48 | 4 |
P1 | 0.51 | 2 | 1.34 | 1 | 0.64 | 2 |
P2 | 2.81 | 1 | -0.26 | 3 | 2.31 | 1 |
P3 | -0.33 | 3 | -1.19 | 4 | -0.47 | 3 |
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