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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 61-75.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021109

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同苜蓿品种混播和播种量对牧草产量及品质的影响

李满有1(), 李东宁2, 王斌1, 李小云1, 沈笑天1, 曹立娟1, 倪旺1, 王腾飞1, 兰剑1,3()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学农学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.宁夏农垦茂盛草业有限公司,宁夏 银川 750021
    3.宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-23 修回日期:2021-04-26 出版日期:2022-05-20 发布日期:2022-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 兰剑
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: ndlanjian@163.com
    李满有(1994-),男,宁夏固原人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1249486824@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)项目(NXYLXK2017A01);六盘山地区草产业科技创新技术集成与应用(2018GYYQ0001)

The effect of mixed sowing and sowing rate of different alfalfa varieties on the yield and quality of forage

Man-you LI1(), Dong-ning LI2, Bin WANG1, Xiao-yun LI1, Xiao-tian SHEN1, Li-juan CAO1, Wang NI1, Teng-fei WANG1, Jian LAN1,3()   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Ningxia Nongken Maosheng Grass Industry Co. ,Ltd. ,Yinchuan 750021,China
    3.Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Yinchuan 750021,China
  • Received:2021-03-23 Revised:2021-04-26 Online:2022-05-20 Published:2022-03-30
  • Contact: Jian LAN

摘要:

以紫花苜蓿品种‘巨能7’、‘三得利’为供试材料,采用混播方式(‘巨能7’单播,‘巨能7’与‘三得利’同行混播,‘巨能7’与‘三得利’间行混播)和播种量(13.5、18.0、22.5 kg·hm-2)二因素随机区组设计,探究了干旱地区滴灌条件下混播方式和播种量对2017-2019年紫花苜蓿产量及品质的影响,并利用主成分分析方法(principal component analysis, PCA)进行综合评价,以期得到紫花苜蓿适宜混播方式和播种量。结果表明,混播方式和播种量对2017-2019年苜蓿平均株高、一级分枝数、干草产量、粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维含量和相对饲喂价值影响显著(P<0.05),而对鲜干比、叶茎比、酸性洗涤纤维和粗蛋白含量影响不显著。其中,‘巨能7’与‘三得利’同行混播、播种量为18.0 kg·hm-2时苜蓿干草产量显著高于间行混播、播种量为22.5 kg·hm-2组合,高达16.79 t·hm-2;‘巨能7’与‘三得利’同行混播、播种量为18.0 kg·hm-2时苜蓿相对饲喂价值为156.87,仅次于同行混播、播种量为13.5 kg·hm-2组合。经PCA综合分析,‘巨能7’与‘三得利’同行混播、播种量为18.0 kg·hm-2时苜蓿综合表现最好,可在宁夏引黄灌区推广应用。

关键词: 紫花苜蓿, 混播方式, 播种量, 品质, 产量

Abstract:

This research investigated the effect of planting pattern and sowing rate on the yield and quality of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) from 2017-2019 under drip irrigation conditions in arid areas. Alfalfa varieties ‘Magna Graze Ⅶ’ (also known as ‘Magnum Ⅶ’) and ‘Sanditi’ were sown as pure stands, mixed within rows or mixed in alternate rows and there were three sowing rates (13.5, 18.0, 22.5 kg·ha-1) making up a two-factor randomized complete block design. Data were subjected to multivariate evaluation by principal component analysis (PCA), in order to identify the optimum planting pattern and sowing rate for alfalfa. It was found that the planting pattern and sowing rate had significant (P<0.05) effects on the average plant height, number of primary branches, hay yield, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber content and relative feeding value of alfalfa over the 2017 to 2019 investigation period. There were no significant effects on herbage dry matter percentage, leaf∶stem ratio, acid detergent fiber content and crude protein content. Among the treatments, Magnum Ⅶ and Sanditi mixed within rows and sown at 18.0 kg·ha-1 had an alfalfa hay yield (16.79 t·ha-1) significantly higher than other treatments. The lowest hay yield (14.25 t·ha-1) was obtained with Magnum Ⅶ and Sanditi were sown in alternate rows at 22.5 kg·ha-1. The relative feeding value of alfalfa when Magnum Ⅶ and Sanditi were mixed within rows at a sowing rate of 18.0 kg·ha-1 was 156.87, and was second only to mixed sowing of the two varieties within rows at a rate of 13.5 kg·ha-1. Analysis by PCA indicated the planting of Magnum Ⅶ and Sanditi mixed within rows at a sowing rate of 18.0 kg·ha-1 as having the best overall performance. This planting pattern and rate can be recommended for adoption by growers in the Ningxia Yellow River irrigation district.

Key words: Medicago sativa, mixed mode, sowing rate, herbage quality, yield