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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 44-53.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022038

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮磷添加对呼伦贝尔草地凋落物分解的影响

杜鹏冲1(), 潘昱臻1, 侯双利2, 王智慧1, 王洪义1()   

  1. 1.黑龙江八一农垦大学园艺园林学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319
    2.中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所额尔古纳森林草原过渡带生态系统研究站,辽宁 沈阳 110016
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-18 修回日期:2022-03-03 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2022-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 王洪义
  • 作者简介:E-mail: why021@163.com
    杜鹏冲(1998-),男,黑龙江哈尔滨人,在读硕士。E-mail: 153086674@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31901141);大庆市新能源领域“揭榜挂帅”科技攻关项目(2021BD05);黑龙江八一农垦大学学成引进人才科研启动基金(XDB201803);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M721734)

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus addition on litter decomposition in Hulunber steppe

Peng-chong DU1(), Yu-zhen PAN1, Shuang-li HOU2, Zhi-hui WANG1, Hong-yi WANG1()   

  1. 1.College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China
    2.Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station,Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China
  • Received:2022-01-18 Revised:2022-03-03 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2022-12-01
  • Contact: Hong-yi WANG

摘要:

凋落物分解是草地生态系统能量流动和物质循环的重要过程,其分解与初始化学组成(内因)和土壤环境(外因)等因素有关。氮(N)、磷(P)作为植物生长所必需的大量元素,影响生命活动的很多过程,是凋落物分解中内因和外因的重要调控因素。以呼伦贝尔草甸草原中羊草、糙隐子草和披针叶黄华3种植物为研究对象,采用网袋分解法,研究氮磷养分添加在内因和外因方面对凋落物分解的影响。结果表明:1)凋落物分解过程受物种内在因素和土壤环境等外在因素的共同影响,在提高凋落物分解速率上,养分添加在外因方面作用大于内因方面;2)外因方面,氮磷养分添加显著促进3种凋落物分解;内因方面,对糙隐子草和披针叶黄华有促进作用,而对羊草则表现为抑制作用;3)凋落物分解过程中N、P元素的释放与凋落物初始N、P含量和土壤中N、P含量呈正相关关系。研究结果揭示了土壤氮磷养分差异是影响凋落物分解和养分释放的主导因素,今后研究应更多关注外在因素变化对凋落物分解过程的影响。

关键词: 草甸草原, 氮磷添加, 凋落物分解, 养分释放, 分解速率

Abstract:

Litter decomposition is an important component process in grassland ecosystem energy flows and cycling of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and other elements. Litter decomposition rate depends on its initial chemical composition (internal factors) and soil environment (external factors). N and P as essential macronutrients for plants, are important to regulation of internal and external factors in litter decomposition. Here we report a two-year N and P controlled addition experiment with two N levels (0, 10 g N·m-2·yr-1) and 2 P levels (0, 10 g N·m-2·yr-1) in their four combinations to define the N×P interaction. There are five replicates. The experiment studied Leymus chinensisCleistogenes squarrosa and Thermopsis lanceolata, which have different nutrient utilization patterns and used the net-bag decomposition method to study the effects of N and P addition on litter decomposition. It was found that the litter decomposition process was affected by both internal factors and external factors, with the external factors having a greater effect than the internal factors. In the external factors, nutrient addition promoted the decomposition of all three litter types. With respect to the internal factors, nutrient addition promoted the degradation of C. Squarrosa and T. lanceolata, but inhibited the degradation of L. chinensis. The rate of release of N and P was positively correlated with the contents of N and P in the initial litter and soil environment. This study revealed that the differences of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient in soil were the main factors affecting litter decomposition and nutrient release. In future studies, more attention should be paid to the influence of external factors on the litter decomposition process.

Key words: meadow steppe, nitrogen and phosphorus addition, litter decomposition, nutrient release, decomposition rate