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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 173-182.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022249

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

热应激对断奶绵羔羊生长性能、抗氧化性能和瘤胃菌群的影响

刘爱瑜1(), 王超1(), 吴占军2, 赵寿培1, 赵俐辰1, 李晓宇1, 张伟涛3, 王乐天4, 高玉红1()   

  1. 1.河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北 保定 071000
    2.河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北 石家庄 050000
    3.河北省畜牧总站,河北 石家庄 050000
    4.黑龙江三江美术职业学院,黑龙江 佳木斯 154013
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-07 修回日期:2022-09-07 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-01-29
  • 通讯作者: 高玉红
  • 作者简介:E-mail: gyhsxs0209@126.com
    刘爱瑜(1996-),女,河北张家口人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1346773287@qq.com
    王超(1996-),男,河北邯郸人,硕士。 E-mail:1305679586@qq.com第一联系人:刘爱瑜和王超是共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    河北省自然科学基金(C2021204128);河北省高等学校科学技术重点研究项目(ZD2021323);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326612D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205)

Impact of heat stress on growth rate, serum antioxidant properties, and rumen flora in weaned lambs

Ai-yu LIU1(), Chao WANG1(), Zhan-jun WU2, Shou-pei ZHAO1, Li-chen ZHAO1, Xiao-yu LI1, Wei-tao ZHANG3, Le-tian WANG4, Yu-hong GAO1()   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China
    2.Institute of Grain and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Shijiazhuang 050000,China
    3.Hebei Animal Husbandry Station,Shijiazhuang 050000,China
    4.Heilongjiang Sanjiang Art Vocational College,Jiamusi 154013,China
  • Received:2022-06-07 Revised:2022-09-07 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-01-29
  • Contact: Yu-hong GAO

摘要:

热应激严重影响了羊产业的高效健康发展,本试验旨在利用环控舱研究热应激对断奶绵羔羊生长性能、抗氧化性能和瘤胃菌群结构的影响。选取12只断奶羔羊随机分为两组,对照组(温度21.5 ℃,湿度 60%)和热应激组(温度33.5 ℃,湿度 60%),分别饲养于两个环控舱,单栏饲养,试验周期14 d,试验末检测羔羊的生长性能、抗氧化酶活性、热应激蛋白水平和瘤胃菌群多样性。结果表明:1)热应激条件下,羔羊日采食量(ADFI)和日增重(ADG)均表现出显著性降低(P<0.05),较对照组分别降低28.38%和41.12%,料重比(F/G)较对照组提高33.13%。2)热应激条件下羔羊的血清抗氧化性能下降,总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均显著降低(P<0.05),丙二醛含量显著上升(P≤0.05);3种热应激蛋白(HSP60、HSP70和HSP90)含量均表现出显著性增加(P<0.05),较对照组分别提高1.19、1.47和1.39倍。3)热应激影响了羔羊瘤胃菌群的多样性和丰度。热应激条件下,Shannon指数和Simpson指数均显著降低(P<0.05),且拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度表现出显著性增加(P<0.05),尤其拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)较对照组提高76.47%,但放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的丰度显著降低(P<0.05);另外,热应激下羔羊瘤胃中普雷沃氏菌属(Prevotella_1)较对照组增加326.28%(P<0.05),月形单胞菌属(Selenomonas_1)的丰度降低84.21%(P<0.05)。可见,热应激影响了羔羊的生长性能和抗氧化性能,并且改变了瘤胃菌群结构。本研究结果可为实际生产中羊热应激的缓解提供基础数据。

关键词: 羔羊, 热应激, 生产性能, 抗氧化性能, 菌群

Abstract:

Heat stress (HS) has affected the efficiency and development of the sheep industry. This study investigated the growth performance, serum antioxidant properties, and rumen microbiota in weaned lambs under HS conditions using an environmental control chamber. Twelve weaned lambs were randomly allocated into two groups and raised in two chambers with one lamb per pen. The chamber of the control group was maintained at 21.5 ℃ and 60% humidity, while the HS chamber was maintained at 33.5 ℃ and 60% humidity. The entire experiment lasted for 14 days, and the growth rate, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, heat stress proteins (HSP), and rumen flora diversity were measured at the end of the experiment. It was found that: 1) Under HS conditions, the daily feed intake and daily weight gain of lambs decreased (P<0.05) by 28.38% and 41.12%, respectively, compared with those in control group, while the feed/gain (F/G) increased by 33.13%. 2) The serum antioxidant properties of lambs decreased under HS conditions. The total antioxidant capacity, catalase, or superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased ( P<0.05) under HS, while the levels of malondialdehyde increased (P≤0.05). Moreover, compared with the control group, the serum HSP content in the HS group increased (P<0.05) by 1.19 times for HSP60, 1.47 times for HSP70, and 1.39 times for HSP90. 3) The diversity and abundance of rumen flora were affected by the HS conditions; The Shannon index and Simpson index both decreased (P<0.05), while the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes or Proteobacteria increased (P<0.05). In particular, Bacteroidetes abundance increased by 76.47% compared with the control group. However, the abundance of Actinobacteria or Firmicutes decreased (P<0.05). In addition, under HS, the abundance of Prevotella_1 in the rumen increased by 326.28% (P<0.05), and the abundance of Selemonas_1 decreased by 84.21% (P<0.05), compared with the control. In summary, HS affected growth rate, serum antioxidant properties, and rumen microbe community structure of the lambs. The results from this study provide data to help understand and relieve sheep affected by HS in commercial production.

Key words: lamb, heat stress, growth performance, antioxidant performance, flora