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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 153-160.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022177

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

园林废弃物地表覆盖处理对植物生长及土壤细菌群落的影响

史正军(), 潘松, 冯世秀, 袁峰均   

  1. 深圳市中国科学院仙湖植物园,深圳市南亚热带植物多样性重点实验室,广东 深圳 518004
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-19 修回日期:2022-07-27 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-01-29
  • 作者简介:史正军(1976-),男,甘肃靖远人,教授级高级工程师,博士。E-mail: shizhengjun@szbg.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0193200);深圳市科技计划项目(KCXFZ202002011006491);深圳市城管和综合执法局科研项目(202018);仙湖植物园科研基金项目(FLSF-2021-03)

Effects of green-waste mulching treatments on plant growth and the soil bacterial community

Zheng-jun SHI(), Song PAN, Shi-xiu FENG, Feng-jun YUAN   

  1. Fairylake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen & Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity,Shenzhen 518004,China
  • Received:2022-04-19 Revised:2022-07-27 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-01-29

摘要:

以园林废弃物(枝叶)为研究对象,以裸土无覆盖(CK)为对照,设置单覆盖(T1)、喷施尿素(T2)、喷施阿维菌素(T3)、预干化(T4)和预半堆肥化(T5)共5个处理,探究园林废弃物用于地表覆盖的不同处理方式对植物生长和土壤细菌群落的影响。结果显示:与CK相比,园林废弃物覆盖处理的植物株高、茎粗、生物量和氮含量均有所增加,其中T3和T4处理的增幅达到显著水平(P<0.05),植物磷和钾含量均以T1处理最高。园林废弃物的覆盖不同程度地降低了土壤pH,同时提高了土壤养分含量。土壤有机质和有效磷(AP)含量均以T1最高;碱解氮(AN)含量以T4处理最高,是其他处理的1.02~2.49倍;速效钾含量以T3处理最高。高通量测序结果显示,土壤细菌物种数和Shannon指数均以T1处理最高,相较对照分别增加了11.16%、4.63%;土壤Chao1指数表现为T4>T1>CK>T3>T5>T2。土壤优势菌门为变形菌门和酸杆菌门,优势菌科为科里氏菌科和鞘脂单胞菌科。冗余分析表明,AN和AP是土壤细菌群落的关键影响因子。综上所述,园林废弃物地表覆盖处理可有效促进植物生长和调节土壤理化性质,并在一定程度上对土壤细菌群落产生影响。同时,本研究证实喷施阿维菌素、预干化、预半堆肥化能够不同程度强化园林废弃物地表覆盖功效。

关键词: 园林废弃物, 覆盖物, 植物生长, 土壤养分, 土壤细菌群落

Abstract:

In this study, we determined the effects of green-waste mulching treatments on plant growth and the soil bacterial community. The experiment consisted of five treatments [single cover (T1), spraying with urea (T2), spraying with avermectin (T3), drying (T4) and semi-composting (T5)] and a control (CK), consisting of bare soil without mulch. It was found that compared with CK, the treatments resulted in increased plant height, stem diameter, biomass, and nitrogen content, and these increases were significant in the T3 and T4 treatments (P<0.05). The highest contents of phosphorus and potassium in plants were in the T1 treatment. Green waste mulches reduced the soil pH and increased the soil nutrient contents to varying degrees. The highest contents of soil organic matter and available phosphorus (AP) were in the T1 treatment. The highest content of available nitrogen (AN) in soil was in the T4 treatment, and was 1.02-2.49 times higher than that in other treatments. The highest content of available potassium in soil was in the T3 treatment. The results of high-throughput sequencing analyses showed that the number of soil bacteria and Shannon’s index were highest in the T1 treatment, and were 11.16% and 4.63% higher than their respective values in CK. The treatments and CK were ranked, from highest soil Chao1 index to lowest, as follows: T4>T1>CK>T3>T5>T2. The dominant bacterial phyla in soil were Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the dominant families wereKoribacteraceae and Sphingomonadaceae. The results of a redundancy analysis showed that AN and AP were the key factors affecting the soil bacterial community. In conclusion, green waste mulching treatments can effectively promote plant growth and regulate soil physical and chemical properties, and affect the soil bacterial community to some extent. The results of this study also confirmed that the application of avermectin, drying, and semi-composting can enhance the efficacy of mulching with green-waste to varying degrees.

Key words: green waste, mulch, plant growth, soil nutrient, soil bacterial community