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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 50-60.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023070

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面喷施硒肥对紫花苜蓿富硒降镉效果的影响

白旭琴2(), 贾春云1(), 李文栓3,4, 李亚敏5, 刘长风2, 韩秀云1, 褚美函6, 巩宗强1, 李晓军1   

  1. 1.中国科学院污染生态与环境工程重点实验室,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016
    2.沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110142
    3.河套学院农学系,内蒙古 巴彦淖尔 015000
    4.内蒙古朵日纳硒科生物技术有限公司,内蒙古 鄂尔多斯 017000
    5.中共杞县县委组织部,河南 开封 475200
    6.沈阳大学环境学院,辽宁 沈阳 110044
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-06 修回日期:2023-04-24 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2023-11-23
  • 通讯作者: 贾春云
  • 作者简介:E-mail: jiachunyun@iae.ac.cn
    白旭琴(2000-),女,山西吕梁人,在读硕士。E-mail: baixu1taene@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技创新项目,中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所自主部署重大项目(IAEMP202201);辽宁省自然基金面上项目(2021-MS-027);辽宁省教育厅基础研究项目(LJ202026)

An investigation of foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer for selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction in alfalfa

Xu-qin BAI2(), Chun-yun JIA1(), Wen-shuan LI3,4, Ya-min LI5, Chang-feng LIU2, Xiu-yun HAN1, Mei-han CHU6, Zong-qiang GONG1, Xiao-jun LI1   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China
    2.College of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,China
    3.Department of Agronomy,Hetao College,Bayannur 015000,China
    4.Inner Mongolia Dorina Selenium Science Biotechniques Company Limited,Ordos 017000,China
    5.Organization Department of Qixian County Committee of the Communist Party of China,Kaifeng 475200,China
    6.College of Environment,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China
  • Received:2023-03-06 Revised:2023-04-24 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2023-11-23
  • Contact: Chun-yun JIA

摘要:

为了缓解紫花苜蓿的镉累积并实现富硒目的,探究了不同浓度镉胁迫下叶面喷施硒肥对紫花苜蓿生长特征及富硒降镉特性的影响。以草原三号和中苜一号紫花苜蓿为材料,采用叶面喷施硒肥的方式,在初花期测量紫花苜蓿的株高、生物量并检测根茎叶部位的总硒、硒代蛋氨酸(SeMet)、镉等含量,分析叶面喷施硒肥对紫花苜蓿富硒降镉效果的影响。结果表明,施加外源硒对紫花苜蓿的生长和富硒量均有促进作用,表现为两个品种紫花苜蓿的株高、生物量、总硒和SeMet含量均显著提高,镉含量、镉富集系数、镉转运系数均显著下降。相同喷施硒肥浓度下,低浓度镉污染促进紫花苜蓿的生长,高浓度镉污染则抑制紫花苜蓿的生长。镉浓度为1 mg·kg-1、施硒量为100 mg·kg-1时,紫花苜蓿中硒含量最高、镉含量最低,各组织中总硒、SeMet含量:叶>茎>根,镉含量:茎<叶<根。相同条件下, 中苜一号的生物量、总硒、SeMet含量均高于草原三号,镉含量低于草原三号,且在镉浓度为1 mg·kg-1、施硒量为50 mg·kg-1的条件下富硒降镉效果最佳。

关键词: 叶面喷施硒肥, 紫花苜蓿, 镉污染, 富硒降镉

Abstract:

This research investigated foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer as a means to alleviate cadmium stress and enhance selenium content in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants exposed to different concentrations of cadmium (0, 1 and 10 mg·kg-1 Cd; Cd0, Cd1 and Cd10, respectively). Two M. sativa cultivars, Caoyuan No.3 and Zhongmu No.1 were selected for study. In the experiment, effects of foliar selenium fertilizer spray (0, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 Se; Se0, Se50 and Se100, respectively) on plant selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction were evaluated by measurement of plant height and biomass, and of the levels of total selenium, selenomethionine (SeMet) and cadmium in the roots, stems and leaves of the alfalfa plants when they were at the first flowering stage. It was found that the application of exogenous selenium promoted the growth and increased selenium levels of alfalfa. This was evidenced by significantly greater plant height, biomass, total selenium and SeMet content of the two alfalfa cultivars, while cadmium levels and the coefficients of cadmium enrichment and cadmium transport were significantly decreased. Both plant height and biomass always ranked Cd0>Cd1>Cd10 at any given concentration of foliar Se spray, and usually ranked Se100>Se50>Se0 at any given soil Cd concentration. Plant tissue Cd contents were generally greater than 10 mg·kg-1 Cd dry weight at Cd10, in the range 0.2-0.6 mg·kg-1 Cd dry weight at Cd1, and less than 0.02 mg·kg-1 Cd dry weight at Cd0 and always decreased by approximately 20% from Se0 to Se100. The total amount of selenium and SeMet in each organ ranked leaf>stem>root, and cadmium content ranked stem<leaf<root. Under the same conditions, plant height, biomass, total amount of selenium and SeMet of Zhongmu No.1 were higher than those of Caoyuan No.3, while the cadmium content was lower than that of Caoyuan No.3. We consider that the best result of selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction was achieved under growing conditions of 1 mg·kg-1 Cd in soil and selenium fertilizer 50 mg·kg-1.

Key words: foliar spraying of selenium fertilizer, Medicago sativa, cadmium pollution, selenium enrichment and cadmium reduction