草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 126-137.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023092
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
周建玲(), 梁巧兰(), 魏列新, 周其宇, 田龙, 陈应娥, 王存颖, 张国印
收稿日期:
2023-04-02
修回日期:
2023-05-10
出版日期:
2024-01-20
发布日期:
2023-11-23
通讯作者:
梁巧兰
作者简介:
E-mail: liangql@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Jian-ling ZHOU(), Qiao-lan LIANG(), Lie-xin WEI, Qi-yu ZHOU, Long TIAN, Ying-e CHEN, Cun-ying WANG, Guo-yin ZHANG
Received:
2023-04-02
Revised:
2023-05-10
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2023-11-23
Contact:
Qiao-lan LIANG
摘要:
为明确采自田间不同症状类型苜蓿病毒病病样中苜蓿花叶病毒(alfalfa mosaic virus,AMV)的带毒情况、症状表现与叶绿素含量的相关性及AMV的寄主范围,本试验通过田间调查采样、症状归类、丙酮乙醇混合液法和双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定(DAS-ELISA)法对不同病样的叶绿素和AMV含量进行测定和检测,并对提纯至不同症状类型病样中AMV对9科32种植物的致病性进行测定。结果表明田间苜蓿病毒病病样有轻花叶、重花叶、叶片边缘褪绿黄化型和叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型4种症状类型,均带有AMV,且叶绿素含量、AMV含量与症状表现之间具有正相关性,症状表现最严重的叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型病样的叶绿素a、b、总叶绿素含量均比对照低58.00%以上,类胡萝卜素含量比对照高134.06%,AMV含量最高,为252.96 pg·mL-1;寄主范围测定表明AMV可侵染7科27种植物,对西葫芦致病性最强,症状表现为局部枯斑,30 d时AMV浓度为316.19 pg·mL-1。
周建玲, 梁巧兰, 魏列新, 周其宇, 田龙, 陈应娥, 王存颖, 张国印. 不同症状类型苜蓿病毒病AMV病原检测及其寄主范围测定[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(1): 126-137.
Jian-ling ZHOU, Qiao-lan LIANG, Lie-xin WEI, Qi-yu ZHOU, Long TIAN, Ying-e CHEN, Cun-ying WANG, Guo-yin ZHANG. Detection of AMV pathogen of alfalfa virus diseases with different symptom types and its host ranges[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(1): 126-137.
图1 苜蓿花叶病田间4种症状类型A: 轻花叶型Light mosaic; B: 重花叶型Severe mosaic; C: 叶片边缘褪绿黄化型Chlorotic type of leaf margi; D: 叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型Deformed and shrunken leaves, mosaic dwarf type.
Fig.1 Four symptom types of alfalfa mosaic disease in the field
不同症状类型苜蓿病样 Different symptom types of alfalfa disease-like | 病叶占比 Proportion of diseased leaves (%) | 叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content (mg·g-1 FW) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b | 总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid | ||
对照CK | 0 | 1.50±0.05aA | 1.36±0.03aA | 2.86±0.16aA | 1.38±0.02eE |
轻花叶型Light mosaic | 11.81 | 1.19±0.07bB | 0.54±0.27bB | 1.74±0.10bB | 1.88±0.05dD |
重花叶型Severe mosaic | 24.41 | 0.81±0.11dC | 0.39±0.06dD | 1.21±0.01cD | 2.43±0.06bB |
叶片边缘褪绿黄化型Chlorotic type of leaf margin | 21.26 | 1.07±0.06cB | 0.48±0.05cC | 1.55±0.12bBC | 2.10±0.12cC |
叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型Deformed and shrunken leaves, mosaic dwarf type | 42.52 | 0.63±0.26eD | 0.32±0.06eE | 0.96±0.03cCD | 3.23±0.03aA |
表1 不同症状类型苜蓿病样中病叶率及叶绿素含量
Table 1 The rate of diseased leaves and chlorophyll content in alfalfa disease-like with different symptom types
不同症状类型苜蓿病样 Different symptom types of alfalfa disease-like | 病叶占比 Proportion of diseased leaves (%) | 叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content (mg·g-1 FW) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a | 叶绿素b Chlorophyll b | 总叶绿素 Total chlorophyll | 类胡萝卜素 Carotenoid | ||
对照CK | 0 | 1.50±0.05aA | 1.36±0.03aA | 2.86±0.16aA | 1.38±0.02eE |
轻花叶型Light mosaic | 11.81 | 1.19±0.07bB | 0.54±0.27bB | 1.74±0.10bB | 1.88±0.05dD |
重花叶型Severe mosaic | 24.41 | 0.81±0.11dC | 0.39±0.06dD | 1.21±0.01cD | 2.43±0.06bB |
叶片边缘褪绿黄化型Chlorotic type of leaf margin | 21.26 | 1.07±0.06cB | 0.48±0.05cC | 1.55±0.12bBC | 2.10±0.12cC |
叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型Deformed and shrunken leaves, mosaic dwarf type | 42.52 | 0.63±0.26eD | 0.32±0.06eE | 0.96±0.03cCD | 3.23±0.03aA |
不同症状类型苜蓿病样 Different symptom types of alfalfa disease-like | 提纯前Before purification | 检出率 Proportion (%) | 提纯后After purification | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OD值 OD value | AMV浓度AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) | OD值 OD value | AMV浓度AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) | ||
对照CK | 0.05 (-) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
轻花叶型Light mosaic | 0.45 (+) | 102.27 | 100 | 1.79 | 206.18 |
重花叶型Severe mosaic | 0.51 (+) | 106.10 | 100 | 1.98 | 238.11 |
叶片边缘褪绿黄化型Chlorotic type of leaf margin | 0.62 (+) | 131.26 | 100 | 1.93 | 297.68 |
叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型Deformed and shrunken leaves, mosaic dwarf type | 1.16 (+) | 252.96 | 100 | 2.53 | 343.43 |
表2 不同症状类型苜蓿病样AMV提纯前后DAS-ELISA检测
Table 2 DAS-ELISA detection of AMV of alfalfa disease-like with different symptom types before and after purification
不同症状类型苜蓿病样 Different symptom types of alfalfa disease-like | 提纯前Before purification | 检出率 Proportion (%) | 提纯后After purification | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
OD值 OD value | AMV浓度AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) | OD值 OD value | AMV浓度AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) | ||
对照CK | 0.05 (-) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
轻花叶型Light mosaic | 0.45 (+) | 102.27 | 100 | 1.79 | 206.18 |
重花叶型Severe mosaic | 0.51 (+) | 106.10 | 100 | 1.98 | 238.11 |
叶片边缘褪绿黄化型Chlorotic type of leaf margin | 0.62 (+) | 131.26 | 100 | 1.93 | 297.68 |
叶片畸形皱缩花叶矮化型Deformed and shrunken leaves, mosaic dwarf type | 1.16 (+) | 252.96 | 100 | 2.53 | 343.43 |
项目 Item | 寄主 Host | 平均病情指数 Average disease index | 平均AMV浓度 Average AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) |
---|---|---|---|
禾本科Poaceae | 大麦H. vulgare | 24.17±0.45a | 191.54±0.89b |
小麦T. aestivum | 21.23±0.64ab | 141.68±0.78c | |
玉米Z. mays | 19.06±0.35bc | 200.60±0.74a | |
燕麦A. sativa | 17.78±1.81c | 121.28±0.96d | |
平均Mean | 20.56±0.84D | 163.78±0.99E | |
茄科Solanaceae | 本氏烟N. benthamiana | 31.56±2.35c | 227.80±0.70a |
心叶烟N. glutinosa | 34.84±1.24b | 158.92±0.73g | |
普通烟N. tabacum | 34.44±0.59b | 193.81±1.43e | |
番茄L. esculentum | 35.04±0.67b | 216.47±0.89c | |
辣椒C. annuum | 27.78±0.79d | 205.14±1.38d | |
茄子Solanum melongena | 38.67±1.15a | 155.27±0.93f | |
龙葵S. nigrum | NI | NI | |
马铃薯S. tuberosum | 39.44±1.55a | 221.00±1.39b | |
平均Mean | 34.54±1.35B | 187.97±1.61D | |
豆科Fabaceae | 菜豆P. vulgaris | 32.67±1.01d | 234.60±1.48b |
豇豆V. unguiculata | 36.89±0.80b | 257.26±1.05a | |
豌豆P. sativum | 35.11±1.45d | 185.02±0.79d | |
蚕豆V. faba | 39.21±0.92a | 176.34±1.02e | |
地三叶T. subterraneum | 24.57±0.62e | 187.29±1.29d | |
苜蓿M. sativa | 35.33±1.33c | 194.09±1.59c | |
平均Mean | 33.96±0.58B | 205.77±0.59B | |
葫芦科Cucurbitaceae | 西葫芦C. pepo | 42.11±0.80a | 316.19±1.14a |
黄瓜Cucumis sativus | 38.00±0.38b | 109.95±1.40b | |
平均Mean | 40.06±0.72A | 213.07±1.27A | |
菊科Asteraceae | 莴苣L. sativa | 36.44±1.89a | 148.48±0.85a |
向日葵H. annuus | 34.22±0.58a | 137.56±0.73c | |
翅果菊P. indica | 37.71±1.15a | 142.73±0.90b | |
菊芋H. tuberosus | NI | NI | |
平均Mean | 36.12±1.20B | 142.92±1.54F | |
十字花科Brassicaceae | 大白菜B. pekinensis | NI | NI |
上海青B. chinensis | NI | NI | |
平均Mean | NI | NI | |
苋科Amaranthaceae | 千日红G. globosa | 39.71±0.69a | 121.07±0.70a |
鸡冠花C. cristata | 34.71±0.49b | 98.74±1.05b | |
平均Mean | 37.21±1.08B | 109.91±1.02G | |
藜科Chenopodiaceae | 昆诺藜C. quinoa | 31.46±0.68a | 174.24±0.74b |
灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | 24.16±0.57c | 241.78±0.94a | |
苋色藜C. amaranticolor | 27.64±0.63b | 161.86±0.91b | |
平均Mean | 27.75±0.91C | 192.63±1.17C | |
萝藦科Asclepiadaceae | 鹅绒藤C. chinense | NI | NI |
表3 AMV侵染不同寄主的发病情况
Table 3 Incidence of different hosts after AMV infection
项目 Item | 寄主 Host | 平均病情指数 Average disease index | 平均AMV浓度 Average AMV concentration (pg·mL-1) |
---|---|---|---|
禾本科Poaceae | 大麦H. vulgare | 24.17±0.45a | 191.54±0.89b |
小麦T. aestivum | 21.23±0.64ab | 141.68±0.78c | |
玉米Z. mays | 19.06±0.35bc | 200.60±0.74a | |
燕麦A. sativa | 17.78±1.81c | 121.28±0.96d | |
平均Mean | 20.56±0.84D | 163.78±0.99E | |
茄科Solanaceae | 本氏烟N. benthamiana | 31.56±2.35c | 227.80±0.70a |
心叶烟N. glutinosa | 34.84±1.24b | 158.92±0.73g | |
普通烟N. tabacum | 34.44±0.59b | 193.81±1.43e | |
番茄L. esculentum | 35.04±0.67b | 216.47±0.89c | |
辣椒C. annuum | 27.78±0.79d | 205.14±1.38d | |
茄子Solanum melongena | 38.67±1.15a | 155.27±0.93f | |
龙葵S. nigrum | NI | NI | |
马铃薯S. tuberosum | 39.44±1.55a | 221.00±1.39b | |
平均Mean | 34.54±1.35B | 187.97±1.61D | |
豆科Fabaceae | 菜豆P. vulgaris | 32.67±1.01d | 234.60±1.48b |
豇豆V. unguiculata | 36.89±0.80b | 257.26±1.05a | |
豌豆P. sativum | 35.11±1.45d | 185.02±0.79d | |
蚕豆V. faba | 39.21±0.92a | 176.34±1.02e | |
地三叶T. subterraneum | 24.57±0.62e | 187.29±1.29d | |
苜蓿M. sativa | 35.33±1.33c | 194.09±1.59c | |
平均Mean | 33.96±0.58B | 205.77±0.59B | |
葫芦科Cucurbitaceae | 西葫芦C. pepo | 42.11±0.80a | 316.19±1.14a |
黄瓜Cucumis sativus | 38.00±0.38b | 109.95±1.40b | |
平均Mean | 40.06±0.72A | 213.07±1.27A | |
菊科Asteraceae | 莴苣L. sativa | 36.44±1.89a | 148.48±0.85a |
向日葵H. annuus | 34.22±0.58a | 137.56±0.73c | |
翅果菊P. indica | 37.71±1.15a | 142.73±0.90b | |
菊芋H. tuberosus | NI | NI | |
平均Mean | 36.12±1.20B | 142.92±1.54F | |
十字花科Brassicaceae | 大白菜B. pekinensis | NI | NI |
上海青B. chinensis | NI | NI | |
平均Mean | NI | NI | |
苋科Amaranthaceae | 千日红G. globosa | 39.71±0.69a | 121.07±0.70a |
鸡冠花C. cristata | 34.71±0.49b | 98.74±1.05b | |
平均Mean | 37.21±1.08B | 109.91±1.02G | |
藜科Chenopodiaceae | 昆诺藜C. quinoa | 31.46±0.68a | 174.24±0.74b |
灰绿藜Chenopodium glaucum | 24.16±0.57c | 241.78±0.94a | |
苋色藜C. amaranticolor | 27.64±0.63b | 161.86±0.91b | |
平均Mean | 27.75±0.91C | 192.63±1.17C | |
萝藦科Asclepiadaceae | 鹅绒藤C. chinense | NI | NI |
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