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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 85-99.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022322

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

三种外源物质对低温胁迫下柱花草生理与荧光特性的影响

张适阳1(), 刘凤民2(), 崔均涛4, 何磊1, 冯月燕3, 张伟丽1,3()   

  1. 1.仲恺农业工程学院农业与生物学院,广东 广州 510225
    2.仲恺农业工程学院教学科研基地管理中心,广东 广州 510225
    3.德庆仲恺农业产业科技创新研究有限公司,广东 肇庆 526642
    4.仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广东 广州 510225
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-10 修回日期:2022-12-05 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 张伟丽
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: zhangweili7218@163.com
    张适阳(1997-),男,河南郑州人,在读硕士。E-mail: 453131464@qq.com
    刘凤民(1968-),男,黑龙江克东人,高级农艺师,硕士。E-mail: fmliu68@163.com第一联系人:张适阳、刘凤民并列第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队(2021KJ114);广东省科技计划项目(2017A020208073);广东省博士工作站平台建设项目(粤人社函[2020]216号)

Effects of three exogenous substances on the physiological and fluorescence characteristics of Stylosanthes guianensis under low-temperature stress

Shi-yang ZHANG1(), Feng-min LIU2(), Jun-tao CUI4, Lei HE1, Yue-yan FENG3, Wei-li ZHANG1,3()   

  1. 1.College of Agriculture and Biology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China
    2.Management Center of Teaching and Research Base of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China
    3.Deqing Zhongkai Agricultural Technology Innovation Research Co. ,Ltd. ,Zhaoqing 526642,China
    4.College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China
  • Received:2022-08-10 Revised:2022-12-05 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-04-21
  • Contact: Wei-li ZHANG

摘要:

为研究不同浓度脱落酸、壳聚糖和水杨酸喷施对低温胁迫下柱花草叶片生理指标和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,以播种50 d的幼苗为试验材料,叶面喷施法处理后,于光照培养箱中连续进行7 d低温(昼夜温8 ℃/5 ℃),2 d常温(昼夜温28 ℃/25 ℃)处理。结果表明,不同浓度外源物质喷施使低温下柱花草叶片光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量显著增加;寒害指数、相对电导率、丙二醛含量显著降低,继续2 d常温处理后,各项指标有所回升。经300 mg·L-1壳聚糖、0.4 mmol·L-1水杨酸和10 mg·L-1脱落酸处理的植株,叶绿素荧光参数的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、电子传递量子产额(φE0)、性能参数(PIABS)分别显著升高了80.88%~122.57%、119.87%~170.53%和271.77%~580.49%;用于热耗散量子比率(φD0)显著降低了26.39%~37.10%。经隶属函数法综合评价,壳聚糖、脱落酸、水杨酸提高柱花草低温耐受性的最佳诱导浓度分别为:300 mg·L-1,10 mg·L-1,0.4 mmol·L-1。在3种外源物质中,300 mg·L-1壳聚糖处理可显著提高叶绿素含量和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的活性,减少热耗散,对缓解低温胁迫对柱花草的伤害效果最为显著。

关键词: 柱花草, 低温胁迫, 壳聚糖, 脱落酸, 水杨酸, 生理指标, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to determine whether spraying Stylosanthes guianensis plants with exogenous substances could improve their performance under low-temperature conditions. Abscisic acid, chitosan, and salicylic acid at different concentrations were sprayed onto 50-day-old S. guianensis plants, and their effects on the physiological indexes and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of leaves under low-temperature conditions were determined. The low-temperature treatment was applied to plants in a growth chamber, and consisted of 7 days of cold temperature (8 °C/5 °C days/nights) followed by 2 days of normal temperature (28 °C/25 °C days/nights) for recovery. It was found that spraying S. guianensis plants with exogenous substances at different concentrations significantly increased the photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and soluble protein content of the leaves under low temperature; And significantly decreased the chilling injury index, relative conductivity, and malondialdehyde content. After 2 days of recovery at normal temperature, all indexes were restored to their respective pre-chilling levels. Compared with the control plants, those sprayed with 300 mg·L–1 chitosan, 0.4 mmol·L–1 salicylic acid, or 10 mg·L–1 abscisic acid showed significantly increased values of Fv/Fm, φE0, and PIABS (by 80.88%-122.57%, 119.87%-170.53% and 271.77%-580.49%, respectively) and significantly decreased φD0 (by 26.39%-37.10%). Based on a multivariate evaluation using a membership function analysis, the optimal concentrations of chitosan, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid to improve the low-temperature tolerance of S. guianensis are 300 mg·L–1, 10 mg·L–1, and 0.4 mmol·L–1, respectively. Among the three exogenous substances, chitosan (at 300 mg·L–1) significantly increased the chlorophyll content and the activity of photosystem II, reduced heat dissipation, and was most effective in alleviating low-temperature damage to S. guianensis.

Key words: Stylosanthes guianensis, low temperature stress, chitosan, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, physiological indicators, chlorophyll fluorescence