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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 112-124.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023113

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

甘肃不同区域青贮紫花苜蓿乳酸菌群落特征及其驱动因子研究

唐璎(), 刘晓静(), 赵雅姣, 董霖   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃省草业工程实验室,中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-11 修回日期:2023-06-14 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2023-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 刘晓静
  • 作者简介:E-mail: liuxj@gsau.edu.cn
    唐璎(1986-),女,甘肃兰州人,在读博士。E-mail: tangying8642@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32171674);甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目(20YF8NA130);兰州市人才创新创业项目(2023-RC-40)

Characteristics and driving factors of lactic acid bacteria communities in silage made from alfalfa in different regions of Gansu Province

Ying TANG(), Xiao-jing LIU(), Ya-jiao ZHAO, Lin DONG   

  1. College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Key Laboratory Pratacultural Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province,Sino-US Center for Grassland Ecosystem Sustainability,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2023-04-11 Revised:2023-06-14 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2023-12-12
  • Contact: Xiao-jing LIU

摘要:

为精细化调控不同地区紫花苜蓿青贮乳酸菌及青贮品质,采用单分子实时测序技术对甘肃不同地区紫花苜蓿叶面附生乳酸菌及青贮乳酸菌群落结构进行全面分析,并探讨影响其变化的因素。结果表明,甘肃不同地区紫花苜蓿自然青贮过程中乳酸菌的群落结构具有区域性的分布特征,在河西干旱灌区,以植物乳杆菌为主;在陇中、陇东干旱半干旱雨养区以植物乳酸菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和戊糖片球菌为主;在雨水充沛湿热的陇南地区,以乳酸片球菌和戊糖片球菌为主;在高寒的甘南州地区,以植物乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌为主。通过冗余分析发现,紫花苜蓿附生乳酸菌群落对青贮乳酸菌群落组成影响最大(解释度为88.27%),其中乳酸杆菌属、片球菌属起主要作用。同时,影响紫花苜蓿附生乳酸菌分布的因素程度大小为年平均气温>年平均降水量>平均相对湿度>年平均日照时数>海拔>纬度>经度。综上所述,不同区域由于其温度和降水的不同改变了紫花苜蓿附生乳酸菌的组成及丰度,进而使紫花苜蓿青贮时乳酸菌的群落结构发生改变。因此,区域性气候条件通过决定紫花苜蓿附生乳酸菌种类,是主导青贮乳酸菌群落呈区域性分布特征的驱动因素。

关键词: 甘肃, 紫花苜蓿, 青贮, 乳酸菌群落特征, 驱动因子, 关联性分析

Abstract:

There is an overall goal to enhance the community structure and quality of alfalfa silage across diverse geographical regions, so it is important to identify the factors that influence these characteristics. In this study, we used single molecule real-time sequencing to comprehensively analyze the lactic acid bacteria communities in silage made from alfalfa grown in different areas of Gansu Province. It was found that the lactic acidbacteria communities in silage showed regional distribution patterns. In silage made from alfalfa grown in the arid and irrigated region of Hexi, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum was the dominant species. In silage made from alfalfa grown in the arid and semi-arid rain-fed regions of Longzhong and Longdong, L. plantarumLactobacillus rhamnosus, and Pediococcus pentosaceus were the main species present. In silage made from alfalfa grown in areas with abundant rain and a humid climate, the Lactobacillus community was dominated by Pediococcus acidilactici and P. pentosaceus. In silage made from alfalfa grown in high-altitude cold regions, the Lactobacillus community was dominated by L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus. A redundancy analysis showed that the epiphytic lactic acid bacteria communities had the greatest influence on the lactic acidbacteria communities in alfalfa silage (88.27%), among which Lactobacillus and Pediococcus played the main roles. The environmental factors were ranked from strongest influence on alfalfa epiphytic lactic acid bacteria to weakest, as follows: annual average temperature>annual average precipitation>average relative humidity>annual average sunshine duration>elevation>latitude>longitude. In conclusion, the composition and abundance of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria in alfalfa was affected by the temperature and precipitation conditions, and this affected the composition of lactic acid bacteria communities in alfalfa silage. Therefore, regional climatic conditions are the driving factor affecting the regional distribution pattern of lactic acid bacterial communities in alfalfa silage, because they determine the types of naturally occurring lactic acid bacteria on alfalfa plants.

Key words: Gansu, alfalfa, silage, characteristics of lactic acid bacteria communities, driving factor, association analysis